KEGG   PATHWAY: gga04110
Entry
gga04110                    Pathway                                
Name
Cell cycle - Gallus gallus (chicken)
Description
Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulatory enzymes, each consisting of a catalytic CDK subunit and an activating cyclin subunit. CDKs regulate the cell's progression through the phases of the cell cycle by modulating the activity of key substrates. Downstream targets of CDKs include transcription factor E2F and its regulator Rb. Precise activation and inactivation of CDKs at specific points in the cell cycle are required for orderly cell division. Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated.
 Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA damage by activating signaling pathways that promote cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. In response to DNA damage, the checkpoint kinase ATM phosphorylates and activates Chk2, which in turn directly phosphorylates and activates p53 tumor suppressor protein. p53 and its transcriptional targets play an important role in both G1 and G2 checkpoints. ATR-Chk1-mediated protein degradation of Cdc25A protein phosphatase is also a mechanism conferring intra-S-phase checkpoint activation.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
gga04110  Cell cycle
gga04110

Other DBs
GO: 0000278
Organism
Gallus gallus (chicken) [GN:gga]
Gene
396341  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
374047  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
419928  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 [KO:K10152]
420558  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
386582  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
419126  RBL1; retinoblastoma-like protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04681]
425111  RBL2; retinoblastoma-like protein 2 [KO:K16332]
417181  ABL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 [KO:K06619] [EC:2.7.10.2]
395635  HDAC2; histone deacetylase 2 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
373961  HDAC1; histone deacetylase 1 [KO:K06067] [EC:3.5.1.98]
396142  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
425366  E2F2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
420824  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X2 [KO:K06620]
420206  E2F5; transcription factor E2F5 [KO:K04682]
769430  E2F4; transcription factor E2F4 [KO:K04682]
418739  TFDP1; transcription factor Dp-1 isoform X3 [KO:K04683]
424780  TFDP2; transcription factor Dp-2 [KO:K09392]
418335  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X2 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100873157  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein precursor [KO:K13375]
421352  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 precursor [KO:K13376]
396438  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein preproprotein [KO:K13377]
395247  SMAD2Z; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 [KO:K04500]
769000  SMAD2W; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
395132  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
107055136  SMAD4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
420332  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
396541  ZBTB17; zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 17 [KO:K10500]
395076  CDKN2B; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B [KO:K04685]
429104  CDKN2C; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor C [KO:K06622]
374106  CDKN1B; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B [KO:K06624]
101751827  CDKN1C; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C [KO:K09993]
378914  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
101751545  CDKN1AL; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06625]
426117  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
420231  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 [KO:K06626]
100529062  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
416319  SKP1; S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 [KO:K03094]
420783  CUL1; cullin-1 [KO:K03347]
418001  RBX1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RBX1 [KO:K03868] [EC:2.3.2.32]
427437  SKP2; S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 [KO:K03875]
396172  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
418901  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 [KO:K06627]
100857489  CDC6; cell division control protein 6 homolog [KO:K02213]
426254  CDT1; DNA replication factor Cdt1 isoform X2 [KO:K10727]
424640  ORC1; origin recognition complex subunit 1 [KO:K02603]
424077  ORC2; origin recognition complex subunit 2 [KO:K02604]
421822  ORC3; origin recognition complex subunit 3 [KO:K02605]
424307  ORC4; origin recognition complex subunit 4 isoform X2 [KO:K02606]
417714  ORC5; origin recognition complex subunit 5 [KO:K02607]
415749  ORC6; origin recognition complex subunit 6 isoform 1 [KO:K02608]
416027  MCM2; DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 [KO:K02540] [EC:5.6.2.3]
422043  MCM3; DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 [KO:K02541] [EC:5.6.2.3]
426764  MCM4; DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 [KO:K02212] [EC:5.6.2.3]
418058  MCM5; DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 [KO:K02209] [EC:5.6.2.3]
424295  MCM6; DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 [KO:K02542] [EC:5.6.2.3]
416776  CDC45; cell division control protein 45 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K06628]
415489  TICRR; treslin [KO:K26117]
420354  MTBP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mdm2-binding protein [KO:K26116]
424507  CDC7; cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K02214] [EC:2.7.11.1]
420536  DBF4; protein DBF4 homolog A isoform X2 [KO:K06629]
771128  DBF4B; protein DBF4 homolog B isoform X2 [KO:K06629]
396252  CDK1; cyclin-dependent kinase 1 [KO:K02087] [EC:2.7.11.22 2.7.11.23]
415400  CCNB2; G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 [KO:K21770]
396167  CCNB3; G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 [KO:K21771]
107049885  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: M-phase inducer phosphatase 2 [KO:K05866] [EC:3.1.3.48]
425619  YWHAZ; 14-3-3 protein zeta [KO:K16197]
419190  YWHAB; 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha [KO:K16197]
421932  YWHAQ; 14-3-3 protein theta [KO:K16197]
417554  YWHAE; 14-3-3 protein epsilon [KO:K06630]
416955  YWHAH; 14-3-3 protein eta [KO:K16198]
427820  YWHAG; 14-3-3 protein gamma [KO:K16198]
416575  PLK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 [KO:K06631] [EC:2.7.11.21]
423045  WEE1; wee1-like protein kinase [KO:K06632] [EC:2.7.11.1]
427918  WEE2; wee1-like protein kinase 2 [KO:K06632] [EC:2.7.11.1]
427328  CCNH; cyclin-H [KO:K06634]
771294  CDK7; cyclin-dependent kinase 7 [KO:K02202] [EC:2.7.11.22 2.7.11.23]
421228  ANAPC1; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1 isoform X2 [KO:K03348]
417258  ANAPC2; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 2 [KO:K03349]
419960  CDC27; cell division cycle protein 27 homolog [KO:K03350]
422805  ANAPC4; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03351]
416842  ANAPC5; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 5 [KO:K03352]
418735  CDC16; cell division cycle protein 16 homolog [KO:K03353]
416838  ANAPC7; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 7 [KO:K03354]
771857  CDC23; cell division cycle protein 23 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K03355]
422461  ANAPC10; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 10 [KO:K03357]
417269  CDC26; anaphase-promoting complex subunit CDC26 [KO:K03359]
769605  ANAPC13; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 13 [KO:K12456]
100857405  ANAPC15; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 15 [KO:K25228]
423708  ANAPC16; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 16 isoform X2 [KO:K25229]
424563  CDC20; cell division cycle protein 20 homolog [KO:K03363]
416158  PTTG2; securin isoform 1 [KO:K06635]
425536  ESPL1; separin isoform X1 [KO:K02365] [EC:3.4.22.49]
418243  SMC1B; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1B [KO:K06636]
395187  SMC1A; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A [KO:K06636]
395188  SMC3; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 [KO:K06669]
420286  RAD21; double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog [KO:K06670]
422360  STAG2; cohesin subunit SA-2 isoform X3 [KO:K06671]
424735  STAG1; cohesin subunit SA-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06671]
418671  STAGL; stromal antigen 3 [KO:K06671]
422331  ATRX; transcriptional regulator ATRX isoform X3 [KO:K10779]
418144  DDX11; ATP-dependent DNA helicase DDX11 isoform X2 [KO:K11273] [EC:5.6.2.7]
427439  nipped-B-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K06672]
427025  NIPBLL; Nipped-B homolog-like [KO:K06672]
428348  MAU2; MAU2 chromatid cohesion factor homolog [KO:K11266]
422182  HDAC8; histone deacetylase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K11405] [EC:3.5.1.98]
421067  ESCO1; N-acetyltransferase ESCO1 [KO:K11268] [EC:2.3.1.-]
422004  ESCO2; N-acetyltransferase ESCO2 isoform X2 [KO:K11268] [EC:2.3.1.-]
422787  PDS5A; sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5 homolog A [KO:K11267]
418910  PDS5B; sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5 homolog B [KO:K11267]
423608  WAPL; wings apart-like protein homolog [KO:K25163]
420650  SGO1; shugoshin 1 [KO:K11580]
396021  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
416318  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
423512  PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584]
423460  PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform [KO:K11584]
421250  PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584]
421372  PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584]
395134  NDC80; kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog [KO:K11547]
423007  KNL1; kinetochore scaffold 1 isoform X2 [KO:K11542]
421849  TTK; dual specificity protein kinase TTK [KO:K08866] [EC:2.7.12.1]
427658  MAD1L1; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD1 isoform X2 [KO:K06679]
422675  MAD2L1; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A [KO:K02537]
419493  MAD2L2; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B [KO:K13728]
378922  BUB1B; mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 beta [KO:K06637] [EC:2.7.11.1]
423949  BUB3; mitotic checkpoint protein BUB3 [KO:K02180]
421226  BUB1; mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 [KO:K02178] [EC:2.7.11.1]
420798  TRIP13; pachytene checkpoint protein 2 homolog [KO:K22399]
421448  MAD2L1BP; MAD2L1-binding protein [KO:K26093]
395297  FZR1; fizzy-related protein homolog [KO:K03364]
421642  FBXO5; F-box only protein 5 [KO:K10292]
427473  CDC14B; dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14B [KO:K06639] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
424466  CDC14A; dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14A [KO:K06639] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
416667  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
418000  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
395376  PRKDC; DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit [KO:K06642] [EC:2.7.11.1]
424777  ATR; serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR [KO:K06640] [EC:2.7.11.1]
395401  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
395609  MDM2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
693255  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
429929  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
100859853  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
373984  PCNA; proliferating cell nuclear antigen [KO:K04802]
408037  SFN; 14-3-3 protein sigma [KO:K06644]
374260  CHEK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1 [KO:K02216] [EC:2.7.11.1]
768913  CHEK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 [KO:K06641] [EC:2.7.11.1]
420375  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
Reference
PMID:7908906
  Authors
Matsuoka S, Yamaguchi M, Matsukage A
  Title
D-type cyclin-binding regions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 269:11030-6 (1994)
Reference
PMID:8242749
  Authors
Welch PJ, Wang JY
  Title
A C-terminal protein-binding domain in the retinoblastoma protein regulates nuclear c-Abl tyrosine kinase in the cell cycle.
  Journal
Cell 75:779-90 (1993)
DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90497-E
Reference
PMID:16936746
  Authors
Macaluso M, Montanari M, Giordano A
  Title
Rb family proteins as modulators of gene expression and new aspects regarding the interaction with chromatin remodeling enzymes.
  Journal
Oncogene 25:5263-7 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1209680
Reference
PMID:15838516
  Authors
Cobrinik D
  Title
Pocket proteins and cell cycle control.
  Journal
Oncogene 24:2796-809 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1208619
Reference
PMID:17568790
  Authors
Boutros R, Lobjois V, Ducommun B
  Title
CDC25 phosphatases in cancer cells: key players? Good targets?
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 7:495-507 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nrc2169
Reference
PMID:9832503
  Authors
Diehl JA, Cheng M, Roussel MF, Sherr CJ
  Title
Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta regulates cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization.
  Journal
Genes Dev 12:3499-511 (1998)
DOI:10.1101/gad.12.22.3499
Reference
PMID:19020303
  Authors
Klein EA, Assoian RK
  Title
Transcriptional regulation of the cyclin D1 gene at a glance.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 121:3853-7 (2008)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.039131
Reference
PMID:10385618
  Authors
Sherr CJ, Roberts JM
  Title
CDK inhibitors: positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression.
  Journal
Genes Dev 13:1501-12 (1999)
DOI:10.1101/gad.13.12.1501
Reference
PMID:12809600
  Authors
Shi Y, Massague J.
  Title
Mechanisms of TGF-beta signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus.
  Journal
Cell 113:685-700 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00432-X
Reference
PMID:12925736
  Authors
Kamura T, Hara T, Kotoshiba S, Yada M, Ishida N, Imaki H, Hatakeyama S, Nakayama K, Nakayama KI
  Title
Degradation of p57Kip2 mediated by SCFSkp2-dependent ubiquitylation.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:10231-6 (2003)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1831009100
Reference
PMID:16212951
  Authors
Bond M, Sala-Newby GB, Wu YJ, Newby AC
  Title
Biphasic effect of p21Cip1 on smooth muscle cell proliferation: role of PI 3-kinase and Skp2-mediated degradation.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 69:198-206 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.08.020
Reference
PMID:15838523
  Authors
Harris SL, Levine AJ.
  Title
The p53 pathway: positive and negative feedback loops.
  Journal
Oncogene 24:2899-908 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1208615
Reference
PMID:11099028
  Authors
Vogelstein B, Lane D, Levine AJ
  Title
Surfing the p53 network.
  Journal
Nature 408:307-10 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35042675
Reference
PMID:7973727
  Authors
Smith ML, Chen IT, Zhan Q, Bae I, Chen CY, Gilmer TM, Kastan MB, O'Connor PM, Fornace AJ Jr
  Title
Interaction of the p53-regulated protein Gadd45 with proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  Journal
Science 266:1376-80 (1994)
DOI:10.1126/science.7973727
Reference
PMID:9889196
  Authors
Petersen BO, Lukas J, Sorensen CS, Bartek J, Helin K
  Title
Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A/CDK2 regulates its subcellular localization.
  Journal
EMBO J 18:396-410 (1999)
DOI:10.1093/emboj/18.2.396
Reference
PMID:17018296
  Authors
Sheu YJ, Stillman B
  Title
Cdc7-Dbf4 phosphorylates MCM proteins via a docking site-mediated mechanism to promote S phase progression.
  Journal
Mol Cell 24:101-13 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.07.033
Reference
PMID:9029154
  Authors
Martinez AM, Afshar M, Martin F, Cavadore JC, Labbe JC, Doree M
  Title
Dual phosphorylation of the T-loop in cdk7: its role in controlling cyclin H binding and CAK activity.
  Journal
EMBO J 16:343-54 (1997)
DOI:10.1093/emboj/16.2.343
Reference
PMID:15876871
  Authors
Lolli G, Johnson LN
  Title
CAK-Cyclin-dependent Activating Kinase: a key kinase in cell cycle control and a target for drugs?
  Journal
Cell Cycle 4:572-7 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cc.4.4.1607
Reference
PMID:17426725
  Authors
Musacchio A, Salmon ED
  Title
The spindle-assembly checkpoint in space and time.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:379-93 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2163
Reference
PMID:12573239
  Authors
Uhlmann F
  Title
Chromosome cohesion and separation: from men and molecules.
  Journal
Curr Biol 13:R104-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00039-3
Reference
PMID:15568976
  Authors
Stegmeier F, Amon A
  Title
Closing mitosis: the functions of the Cdc14 phosphatase and its regulation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 38:203-32 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.genet.38.072902.093051
Reference
PMID:9618481
  Authors
Moustakas A, Kardassis D
  Title
Regulation of the human p21/WAF1/Cip1 promoter in hepatic cells by functional interactions between Sp1 and Smad family members.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:6733-8 (1998)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6733
Reference
PMID:26650195
  Authors
de Boer HR, Guerrero Llobet S, van Vugt MA
  Title
Controlling the response to DNA damage by the APC/C-Cdh1.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 73:949-60 (2016)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-2096-7
Reference
PMID:20935501
  Authors
Qiao X, Zhang L, Gamper AM, Fujita T, Wan Y
  Title
APC/C-Cdh1: from cell cycle to cellular differentiation and genomic integrity.
  Journal
Cell Cycle 9:3904-12 (2010)
DOI:10.4161/cc.9.19.13585
Related
pathway
gga03030  DNA replication
gga04010  MAPK signaling pathway
gga04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
gga04210  Apoptosis
KO pathway
ko04110   
LinkDB

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