Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Microcebus murinus (gray mouse lemur)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Microcebus murinus (gray mouse lemur) [GN:
mmur ]
Gene
105877555 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
105872635 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
105860538 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
105857966 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
105882372 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
105879180 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
105867944 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
105877541 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
105885441 LDLR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: low-density lipoprotein receptor [KO:K12473 ]
105863548 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
105875184 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
105855119 WIPF3; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 3 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
105854849 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283 ]
105872828 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
105884014 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
105880924 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
105870325 VPS26A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
105857308 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
105876218 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 isoform X1 [KO:K18468 ]
105884958 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
105862393 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
105879953 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein isoform X1 [KO:K12183 ]
105868882 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
105882527 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
105878642 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
105858862 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
105880879 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
105881151 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
105859445 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
105864497 CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a isoform X1 [KO:K12191 ]
105857166 CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K15053 ]
105876726 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
105858965 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
105859464 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
105871638 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: charged multivesicular body protein 5-like [KO:K12198 ]
105873893 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
105868590 IGF2R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
105883739 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
105855949 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-81 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105855951 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-37 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105870762 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105870764 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-37 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
105870765 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-48 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105870766 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-44 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
105870767 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G-like [KO:K06751 ]
105858107 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-OKO alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
105870327 RUFY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12482 ]
105885206 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12482 ]
105865507 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
105870378 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105863241 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105872293 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105856271 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
105857036 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
105872272 PARD6B; partitioning defective 6 homolog beta isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
105859026 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
105873610 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
105855073 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
105863336 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
105882755 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105882939 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105863550 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105877640 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105877802 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
105879791 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105860301 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
105874835 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18440 ]
105862632 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
105883180 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
105865694 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X7 [KO:K12491 ]
105877993 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
105875735 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
105855138 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2-like [KO:K12493 ]
105858529 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
105882546 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105862556 PSD2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105859195 PSD4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105882646 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
105861234 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K12495 ]
105862192 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
105860152 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
105868923 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
105874158 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
mmur04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mmur04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
mmur04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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