KEGG   PATHWAY: dsp04925
Entry
dsp04925                    Pathway                                
Name
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion - Dipodomys spectabilis (banner-tailed kangaroo rat)
Description
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone synthesized in and secreted from the outer layer of the adrenal cortex, the zona glomerulosa. Aldosterone plays an important role in the regulation of systemic blood pressure through the absorption of sodium and water. Angiotensin II (Ang II), potassium (K+) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) are the main extracellular stimuli which regulate aldosterone secretion. These physiological agonists all converge on two major intracellular signaling pathways: calcium (Ca2+) mobilization and an increase in cAMP production. The increase in cytosolic calcium levels activates calcium/calmodulin- dependent protein kinases (CaMK), and the increased cAMP levels stimulate the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, or protein kinase A (PKA). The activated CaMK, and possibly PKA, activates transcription factors (NURR1 and NGF1B, CREB) to induce StAR and CYP11B2 expression, the early and late rate- limiting steps in aldosterone biosynthesis, respectively, thereby stimulating aldosterone secretion.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
dsp04925  Aldosterone synthesis and secretion
dsp04925

Other DBs
GO: 0035932
Organism
Dipodomys spectabilis (banner-tailed kangaroo rat) [GN:dsp]
Gene
122095118  Gnaq; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
122095227  Agtr1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
122095270  Atp1b3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
122095401  Atp1b4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
122097023  Atp2b3; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
122097361  Atp1a3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
122097600  Lipe; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
122097950  Adcy5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122098267  [KO:K01540]
122098385  Atf1; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 isoform X1 [KO:K09053]
122098417  Nr4a1; nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 [KO:K04465]
122098454  [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
122098455  [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
122098456  [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
122098457  [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
122098458  [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
122098543  Orai1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056]
122098571  Scarb1; scavenger receptor class B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13885]
122098776  Cacna1f; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
122099328  Creb3l3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
122099338  Gna11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
122100434  Atp1b2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540]
122100994  Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
122101283  Cacna1g; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X1 [KO:K04854]
122102946  [KO:K04465]
122103692  Atp1b1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
122104229  Kcnj5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999]
122104508  Prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
122104536  Calm2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
122104544  Prkce; protein kinase C epsilon type [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122104590  Prkd3; serine/threonine-protein kinase D3 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122105011  Creb3l1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
122105041  Dagla; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: diacylglycerol lipase-alpha [KO:K13806] [EC:3.1.1.116]
122105124  Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
122105949  Creb3l2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
122106135  Prkd1; serine/threonine-protein kinase D1 isoform X1 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122106258  Adcy6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122107322  Creb1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
122107636  Star; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial [KO:K16931]
122107928  [KO:K04465]
122107929  [KO:K04465]
122107988  Atp2b2; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
122108067  [KO:K04465]
122108068  [KO:K04465]
122108069  [KO:K04465]
122108071  [KO:K04465]
122108072  [KO:K04465]
122108121  Camk1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122108123  Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
122108136  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
122109176  Atp2b4; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
122109204  Atp1a4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
122109507  Camk1g; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1G [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122109534  Creb3l4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048]
122109556  Npr1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 [KO:K12323] [EC:4.6.1.2]
122109693  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
122110671  Prkcg; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122110805  Nr4a2; nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 [KO:K08558]
122110993  Mc2r; adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor [KO:K04200]
122111110  [KO:K00513] [EC:1.14.14.16]
122111396  Atf6b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049]
122111510  Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
122112193  Creb5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047]
122113053  Camk1d; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122113235  Calml3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
122113280  Calml5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
122113292  Agt; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
122113375  Adcy4; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122113509  Daglb; diacylglycerol lipase-beta isoform X1 [KO:K13806] [EC:3.1.1.116]
122114401  Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
122115249  Pde2a; cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase isoform X1 [KO:K18283] [EC:3.1.4.17]
122116145  Prkcb; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122116510  Camk2g; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122118075  Camk4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122118130  Camk2a; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122118322  Atp1a1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
122118370  [KO:K00070] [EC:1.1.1.145 5.3.3.1]
122118374  [KO:K00070] [EC:1.1.1.145 5.3.3.1]
122118832  Calm1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
122119260  Atp2b1; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
122119361  Adcy7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122119798  Prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
122119822  Ldlr; low-density lipoprotein receptor [KO:K12473]
122120051  Atf2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450]
122120299  Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
122120360  Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
122120987  Adcy2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122121425  Nppa; natriuretic peptides A [KO:K12334]
122122485  Kcnk3; potassium channel subfamily K member 3 [KO:K04914]
122122500  Adcy3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122122541  Pomc; pro-opiomelanocortin isoform X1 [KO:K05228]
122122893  Creb3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
122122996  Calml4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
122123175  Camk2d; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122123617  Cacna1i; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856]
122123666  Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
122123782  Cacna1h; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H [KO:K04855]
122123783  Adcy9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122124059  [KO:K02183]
122124612  [KO:K04632]
122124614  [KO:K04632]
122125337  Adcy8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122125373  Kcnk9; potassium channel subfamily K member 9 [KO:K04919]
122125740  Calm3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
122125744  Prkd2; serine/threonine-protein kinase D2 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
122126705  Cacna1s; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
122126861  [KO:K02183]
122128054  Camk2b; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
122128067  Adcy1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
122128350  Prkca; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
Compound
C00003  NAD+
C00004  NADH
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00020  AMP
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00187  Cholesterol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00238  Potassium cation
C00410  Progesterone
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01124  18-Hydroxycorticosterone
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C01780  Aldosterone
C01953  Pregnenolone
C02140  Corticosterone
C03205  11-Deoxycorticosterone
C14777  12(S)-HETE
C14822  12(R)-HETE
Reference
PMID:21839803
  Authors
Hattangady NG, Olala LO, Bollag WB, Rainey WE
  Title
Acute and chronic regulation of aldosterone production.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 350:151-62 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.034
Reference
PMID:24944029
  Authors
Bollag WB
  Title
Regulation of aldosterone synthesis and secretion.
  Journal
Compr Physiol 4:1017-55 (2014)
DOI:10.1002/cphy.c130037
Reference
PMID:15044681
  Authors
Spat A, Hunyady L
  Title
Control of aldosterone secretion: a model for convergence in cellular signaling pathways.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 84:489-539 (2004)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00030.2003
Reference
PMID:18406824
  Authors
Boon WC, Coghlan JP, Curnow KM, McDougall JG
  Title
Aldosterone secretion: a molecular perspective.
  Journal
Trends Endocrinol Metab 8:346-54 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S1043-2760(97)00136-7
Reference
PMID:14645496
  Authors
Bassett MH, Suzuki T, Sasano H, White PC, Rainey WE
  Title
The orphan nuclear receptors NURR1 and NGFIB regulate adrenal aldosterone production.
  Journal
Mol Endocrinol 18:279-90 (2004)
DOI:10.1210/me.2003-0005
Reference
PMID:22689262
  Authors
Guagliardo NA, Yao J, Hu C, Barrett PQ
  Title
Minireview: aldosterone biosynthesis: electrically gated for our protection.
  Journal
Endocrinology 153:3579-86 (2012)
DOI:10.1210/en.2012-1339
Reference
PMID:22364774
  Authors
Spat A, Fulop L, Szanda G
  Title
The role of mitochondrial Ca(2+) and NAD(P)H in the control of aldosterone secretion.
  Journal
Cell Calcium 52:64-72 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceca.2012.01.009
Reference
PMID:22395411
  Authors
Spat A, Szanda G
  Title
Special features of mitochondrial Ca(2)(+) signalling in adrenal glomerulosa cells.
  Journal
Pflugers Arch 464:43-50 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s00424-012-1086-y
Reference
PMID:21962440
  Authors
Tsai LC, Beavo JA
  Title
The roles of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in steroidogenesis.
  Journal
Curr Opin Pharmacol 11:670-5 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2011.09.003
Reference
PMID:10536682
  Authors
Delcayre C, Silvestre JS
  Title
Aldosterone and the heart: towards a physiological function?
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 43:7-12 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00088-7
Reference
PMID:15026188
  Authors
Lisurek M, Bernhardt R
  Title
Modulation of aldosterone and cortisol synthesis on the molecular level.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 215:149-59 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.008
Reference
PMID:23628605
  Authors
Miller WL
  Title
Steroid hormone synthesis in mitochondria.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 379:62-73 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2013.04.014
Reference
PMID:25788893
  Authors
Martinez-Arguelles DB, Papadopoulos V
  Title
Mechanisms mediating environmental chemical-induced endocrine disruption in the adrenal gland.
  Journal
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 6:29 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2015.00029
Related
pathway
dsp00140  Steroid hormone biosynthesis
dsp00590  Arachidonic acid metabolism
dsp04020  Calcium signaling pathway
dsp04022  cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
dsp04024  cAMP signaling pathway
dsp04614  Renin-angiotensin system
dsp04960  Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption
KO pathway
ko04925   

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