KEGG   PATHWAY: ko00630
Entry
ko00630                     Pathway                                
Name
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
Class
Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
Pathway map
ko00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ko00630

Module
M00012  Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:ko00630]
M00373  Ethylmalonyl pathway [PATH:ko00630]
M00532  Photorespiration [PATH:ko00630]
M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ko00630]
M00740  Methylaspartate cycle [PATH:ko00630]
M00741  Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:ko00630]
M00968  Pentose bisphosphate pathway (nucleoside degradation), archaea, nucleoside/NMP => 3-PGA/glycerone phosphate [PATH:ko00630]
Other DBs
GO: 0046487 0043648
Orthology
K00015  gyaR, GOR1; glyoxylate reductase [EC:1.1.1.26]
K00018  hprA; glycerate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.29]
K00023  phbB; acetoacetyl-CoA reductase [EC:1.1.1.36]
K00024  mdh; malate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.37]
K00025  MDH1; malate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.37]
K00026  MDH2; malate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.37]
K00042  garR, glxR; 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase [EC:1.1.1.60]
K00048  fucO; lactaldehyde reductase [EC:1.1.1.77]
K00049  GRHPR; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
K00090  ghrB; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate/2-ketogluconate reductase [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81 1.1.1.215]
K00104  glcD; glycolate dehydrogenase FAD-linked subunit [EC:1.1.99.14]
K00122  FDH; formate dehydrogenase [EC:1.17.1.9]
K00123  fdoG, fdhF, fdwA; formate dehydrogenase major subunit [EC:1.17.1.9]
K00124  fdoH, fdsB; formate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur subunit
K00126  fdsD; formate dehydrogenase subunit delta [EC:1.17.1.9]
K00127  fdoI, fdsG; formate dehydrogenase subunit gamma
K00281  GLDC, gcvP; glycine cleavage system P protein (glycine dehydrogenase) [EC:1.4.4.2]
K00282  gcvPA; glycine cleavage system P protein (glycine dehydrogenase) subunit 1 [EC:1.4.4.2]
K00283  gcvPB; glycine cleavage system P protein (glycine dehydrogenase) subunit 2 [EC:1.4.4.2]
K00284  GLU, gltS; glutamate synthase (ferredoxin) [EC:1.4.7.1]
K00382  DLD, lpd, pdhD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
K00600  glyA, SHMT; glycine hydroxymethyltransferase [EC:2.1.2.1]
K00605  gcvT, AMT; glycine cleavage system T protein (aminomethyltransferase) [EC:2.1.2.10]
K00626  ACAT, atoB; acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.9]
K00827  AGXT2; alanine-glyoxylate transaminase / (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate-pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
K00830  AGXT; alanine-glyoxylate transaminase / serine-glyoxylate transaminase / serine-pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
K00865  glxK, garK; glycerate 2-kinase [EC:2.7.1.165]
K01091  gph; phosphoglycolate phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.18]
K01432  AFMID; arylformamidase [EC:3.5.1.9]
K01433  purU; formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase [EC:3.5.1.10]
K01455  fmdA; formamidase [EC:3.5.1.49]
K01458  hutG; N-formylglutamate deformylase [EC:3.5.1.68]
K01569  oxdD; oxalate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.2]
K01577  oxc; oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.8]
K01601  rbcL, cbbL; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase large chain [EC:4.1.1.39]
K01602  rbcS, cbbS; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase small chain [EC:4.1.1.39]
K01608  gcl; tartronate-semialdehyde synthase [EC:4.1.1.47]
K01616  kgd; multifunctional 2-oxoglutarate metabolism enzyme [EC:2.2.1.5 4.1.1.71 1.2.4.2 2.3.1.61]
K01625  eda; 2-dehydro-3-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase / (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase [EC:4.1.2.14 4.1.3.42]
K01636  K01636; ribulose 1-phosphate aldolase
K01637  ICL, aceA; isocitrate/methylisocitrate lyase [EC:4.1.3.1 4.1.3.30]
K01638  aceB, glcB, MLS; malate synthase [EC:2.3.3.9]
K01647  CS, gltA, CIT; citrate synthase [EC:2.3.3.1]
K01659  prpC; 2-methylcitrate synthase [EC:2.3.3.5]
K01681  ACO; aconitate hydratase [EC:4.2.1.3]
K01682  acnB; aconitate hydratase 2 / 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.3 4.2.1.99]
K01816  hyi, gip; hydroxypyruvate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.22]
K01846  glmS, mutS, mamA; methylaspartate mutase sigma subunit [EC:5.4.99.1]
K01847  MUT; methylmalonyl-CoA mutase [EC:5.4.99.2]
K01848  E5.4.99.2A, mcmA1; methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, N-terminal domain [EC:5.4.99.2]
K01849  E5.4.99.2B, mcmA2; methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, C-terminal domain [EC:5.4.99.2]
K01895  ACSS1_2, acs; acetyl-CoA synthetase [EC:6.2.1.1]
K01913  AAE7, ACN1; acetate/butyrate---CoA ligase [EC:6.2.1.1 6.2.1.2]
K01915  glnA, GLUL; glutamine synthetase [EC:6.3.1.2]
K01964  K01964; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3]
K01965  PCCA; propionyl-CoA carboxylase alpha subunit [EC:6.4.1.3]
K01966  PCCB; propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta subunit [EC:6.4.1.3 2.1.3.15]
K02437  gcvH, GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein
K03418  dmfA2; N,N-dimethylformamidase large subunit [EC:3.5.1.56]
K03779  ttdA; L(+)-tartrate dehydratase alpha subunit [EC:4.2.1.32]
K03780  ttdB; L(+)-tartrate dehydratase beta subunit [EC:4.2.1.32]
K03781  katE, CAT, catB, srpA; catalase [EC:1.11.1.6]
K04835  mal; methylaspartate ammonia-lyase [EC:4.3.1.2]
K05606  MCEE, epi; methylmalonyl-CoA/ethylmalonyl-CoA epimerase [EC:5.1.99.1]
K05825  LYSN; 2-aminoadipate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.-]
K07130  kynB; arylformamidase [EC:3.5.1.9]
K07246  ttuC, dmlA; tartrate dehydrogenase/decarboxylase / D-malate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.93 4.1.1.73 1.1.1.83]
K07248  aldA; lactaldehyde dehydrogenase / glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.22 1.2.1.21]
K07749  frc; formyl-CoA transferase [EC:2.8.3.16]
K08691  mcl; malyl-CoA/(S)-citramalyl-CoA lyase [EC:4.1.3.24 4.1.3.25]
K08692  mtkB; malate-CoA ligase subunit alpha [EC:6.2.1.9]
K11263  bccA, pccA, accA3; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA/long-chain acyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin carboxylase, biotin carboxyl carrier protein [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3 6.4.1.- 6.3.4.14]
K11472  glcE; glycolate dehydrogenase FAD-binding subunit [EC:1.1.99.14]
K11473  glcF; glycolate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur subunit [EC:1.1.99.14]
K11517  HAO; (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase [EC:1.1.3.15]
K11529  gck, gckA, GLYCTK; glycerate 2-kinase [EC:2.7.1.165]
K12972  ghrA; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
K14067  mtkA; malate-CoA ligase subunit beta [EC:6.2.1.9]
K14263  BNA7; kynurenine formamidase [EC:3.5.1.9]
K14272  GGAT; glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
K14446  ccr; crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase [EC:1.3.1.85]
K14447  ecm; ethylmalonyl-CoA mutase [EC:5.4.99.63]
K14448  mcd; (2S)-methylsuccinyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC:1.3.8.12]
K14449  mch, mcd; 2-methylfumaryl-CoA hydratase [EC:4.2.1.148]
K14451  mcl2; (3S)-malyl-CoA thioesterase [EC:3.1.2.30]
K15036  K15036; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3 2.1.3.15]
K15037  K15037; biotin carboxyl carrier protein
K15893  HPR1; glycerate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.29]
K15918  GLYK; D-glycerate 3-kinase [EC:2.7.1.31]
K15919  HPR2_3; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
K17865  croR; 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.55]
K18121  GLYR; glyoxylate/succinic semialdehyde reductase [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.-]
K18123  HOGA1; 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase [EC:4.1.3.16]
K18425  dhaa, bhcC; 3-hydroxy-D-aspartate aldolase [EC:4.1.3.41]
K18472  accD6; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3 2.1.3.15]
K19268  glmE, mutE, mamB; methylaspartate mutase epsilon subunit [EC:5.4.99.1]
K19269  PGP, PGLP; phosphoglycolate phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.18 3.1.3.48]
K19280  mct; succinyl-CoA:mesaconate CoA transferase [EC:2.8.3.26]
K19281  mcl; beta-methylmalyl-CoA/(S)-malyl-CoA lyase [EC:4.1.3.24]
K19282  aceB; bifunctional (S)-malyl-CoA lyase/thioesterase [EC:4.1.3.24 3.1.2.30]
K19312  pccB; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3 2.1.3.15]
K22133  AAE3; oxalate---CoA ligase [EC:6.2.1.8]
K22223  pgp; phosphoglycolate phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.18]
K22515  fdwB; formate dehydrogenase beta subunit [EC:1.17.1.9]
K22568  pccX; acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase, PccX subunit [EC:6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3]
K22982  K22982; hydroxypyruvate reductase
K25305  dmfA1; N,N-dimethylformamidase small subunit
K26209  K26209; glycolaldehyde reductase
K26210  E3.1.3.109; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase
K27094  accD5; propionyl-CoA/long-chain acyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit
K27095  accE5, accE; acyl-CoA carboxylase epsilon subunit
K27797  MCSA; 2-methylcitrate synthase
K27802  acnA; aconitate hydratase A / 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase
K28178  bhcD; iminosuccinate reductase
K28179  bhcA; glycine---oxaloacetate transaminase
K28180  bhcB; (3S)-3-hydroxy-D-aspartate dehydratase
K28203  K28203; phosphoglycolate phosphatase
K28204  K28204; glyoxylate aminotransferase
K28761  amiF; formamidase
K28780  E1.2.3.4; oxalate oxidase
Compound
C00007  Oxygen
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00033  Acetate
C00036  Oxaloacetate
C00037  Glycine
C00042  Succinate
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00058  Formate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00065  L-Serine
C00091  Succinyl-CoA
C00100  Propanoyl-CoA
C00111  Glycerone phosphate
C00136  Butanoyl-CoA
C00149  (S)-Malate
C00158  Citrate
C00160  Glycolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00209  Oxalate
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00266  Glycolaldehyde
C00311  Isocitrate
C00313  Oxalyl-CoA
C00332  Acetoacetyl-CoA
C00417  cis-Aconitate
C00552  meso-Tartaric acid
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00683  (S)-Methylmalonyl-CoA
C00798  Formyl-CoA
C00877  Crotonoyl-CoA
C00888  Pentanoyl-CoA
C00898  (R,R)-Tartaric acid
C00975  Dihydroxyfumarate
C00988  2-Phosphoglycolate
C01127  4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
C01146  2-Hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate
C01182  D-Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
C01213  (R)-Methylmalonyl-CoA
C01380  Ethylene glycol
C01732  Mesaconate
C01989  3-Ethylmalate
C01990  3-Oxalomalate
C02123  3-Propylmalate
C02405  Formyl phosphate
C03217  2-Hydroxy-3-oxoadipate
C03459  2-Hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate
C03548  trans-2,3-Epoxysuccinate
C03561  (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoyl-CoA
C03618  L-threo-3-Methylaspartate
C04348  L-Malyl-CoA
C05840  Iminoaspartate
C06027  L-erythro-3-Methylmalyl-CoA
C06028  2-Methylfumaryl-CoA
C06049  N-Formylderivatives
C18026  (2S)-Ethylmalonyl-CoA
C18324  (2S)-Methylsuccinyl-CoA
C19838  D-erythro-3-Hydroxyaspartate
C20238  (2R)-Ethylmalonyl-CoA
C22337  D-Ribulose 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:10978349
  Authors
Njau RK, Herndon CA, Hawes JW.
  Title
Novel beta-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases in Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 275:38780-6 (2000)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M007432200
Reference
PMID:18065535
  Authors
Zarzycki J, Schlichting A, Strychalsky N, Muller M, Alber BE, Fuchs G
  Title
Mesaconyl-coenzyme A hydratase, a new enzyme of two central carbon metabolic pathways in bacteria.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 190:1366-74 (2008)
DOI:10.1128/JB.01621-07
Reference
PMID:18819910
  Authors
Erb TJ, Retey J, Fuchs G, Alber BE
  Title
Ethylmalonyl-CoA mutase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides defines a new subclade of coenzyme B12-dependent acyl-CoA mutases.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:32283-93 (2008)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M805527200
Reference
PMID:9596633
  Authors
Coschigano KT, Melo-Oliveira R, Lim J, Coruzzi GM
  Title
Arabidopsis gls mutants and distinct Fd-GOGAT genes. Implications for photorespiration and primary nitrogen assimilation.
  Journal
Plant Cell 10:741-52 (1998)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.10.5.741
Reference
PMID:16407450
  Authors
Masclaux-Daubresse C, Reisdorf-Cren M, Pageau K, Lelandais M, Grandjean O, Kronenberger J, Valadier MH, Feraud M, Jouglet T, Suzuki A
  Title
Glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway and glutamate dehydrogenase play distinct roles in the sink-source nitrogen cycle in tobacco.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 140:444-56 (2006)
DOI:10.1104/pp.105.071910
Reference
PMID:21252347
  Authors
Khomyakova M, Bukmez O, Thomas LK, Erb TJ, Berg IA
  Title
A methylaspartate cycle in haloarchaea.
  Journal
Science 331:334-7 (2011)
DOI:10.1126/science.1196544
Reference
PMID:11513957
  Authors
Serrano JA, Bonete MJ
  Title
Sequencing, phylogenetic and transcriptional analysis of the glyoxylate bypass operon (ace) in the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1520:154-62 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4781(01)00263-9
Related
pathway
ko00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ko00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ko00030  Pentose phosphate pathway
ko00053  Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
ko00071  Fatty acid degradation
ko00230  Purine metabolism
ko00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ko00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ko00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ko00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ko00710  Carbon fixation by Calvin cycle
ko00750  Vitamin B6 metabolism
ko00910  Nitrogen metabolism

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