Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:
mcc ]
Gene
100187576 MAMU-AG; major histocompatibility complex, class I, AG precursor [KO:K06751 ]
100423350 MVB12B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: multivesicular body subunit 12B [KO:K12186 ]
100429776 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
106994051 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
106996837 ARPC4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform X3 [KO:K05755 ]
114670027 PSD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12494 ]
574283 LDLR; low-density lipoprotein receptor precursor [KO:K12473 ]
574300 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05068 ]
641338 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma precursor [KO:K05070 ]
693290 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
693405 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
693652 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12491 ]
693787 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein [KO:K12183 ]
693922 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12495 ]
694502 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 [KO:K12486 ]
694566 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
694764 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X8 [KO:K12470 ]
694873 PSD2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12494 ]
694898 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
694919 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
695286 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K04705 ]
695681 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12488 ]
696331 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta precursor [KO:K05069 ]
696503 WIPF3; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 3 [KO:K19475 ]
696556 WASL; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein [KO:K23612 ]
697581 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 [KO:K04500 ]
697824 WASHC3; WASH complex subunit 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18463 ]
697894 CHMP3; charged multivesicular body protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12193 ]
698446 WIPF1; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
698682 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X4 [KO:K09526 ]
698884 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
699243 MAMU-A3; major histocompatibility complex, class I, A isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
699351 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha [KO:K06093 ]
699479 PARD6G; partitioning defective 6 homolog gamma [KO:K06093 ]
699774 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
700029 SNF8; vacuolar-sorting protein SNF8 isoform X1 [KO:K12188 ]
700279 WIPF2; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 [KO:K19475 ]
700536 ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758 ]
700538 PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
701400 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
701578 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
701785 PSD4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
702115 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18440 ]
702310 CHMP4C; charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782 ]
702412 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
702562 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X7 [KO:K12495 ]
703191 CHMP5; charged multivesicular body protein 5 [KO:K12198 ]
703220 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
703410 CAPZA3; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-3 [KO:K10364 ]
703415 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
704359 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
704407 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
704662 CAPZA2; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2 [KO:K10364 ]
704910 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X5 [KO:K12489 ]
705277 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
705403 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12489 ]
705653 CAPZA1; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1 [KO:K10364 ]
706026 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
706035 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
706472 PARD3; partitioning defective 3 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04237 ]
706636 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
707614 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
707637 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393 ]
709004 CHMP4B; charged multivesicular body protein 4b [KO:K12194 ]
709076 MAMU-F; mamu class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain F precursor [KO:K06751 ]
709199 ARPC3; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756 ]
709646 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X2 [KO:K18467 ]
710050 CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 [KO:K15053 ]
710187 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
710381 EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12478 ]
710872 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
711160 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
711355 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605 ]
711468 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
711532 MAMU-E; major histocompatibility complex, class I, E precursor [KO:K06751 ]
711646 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
711832 MAMU-A; major histocompatibility complex, class I, A isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
712004 PARD6B; partitioning defective 6 homolog beta [KO:K06093 ]
712059 CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a [KO:K12191 ]
712115 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X3 [KO:K12494 ]
713032 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
713155 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
713587 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12562 ]
713871 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
713953 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
714140 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12491 ]
714304 CHMP1A; charged multivesicular body protein 1a [KO:K12197 ]
714385 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
714417 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
714579 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X8 [KO:K18443 ]
714767 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X3 [KO:K12472 ]
714896 ARPC5; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 [KO:K05754 ]
715504 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K17848 ]
715619 CHMP4A; charged multivesicular body protein 4a [KO:K12194 ]
716944 GIT1; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1 isoform X1 [KO:K05737 ]
717061 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
717371 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
717394 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 isoform X1 [KO:K18468 ]
717629 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
718353 CHMP6; charged multivesicular body protein 6 [KO:K12195 ]
718488 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K18439 ]
718635 ARPC1A; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A isoform X2 [KO:K05757 ]
718668 ARPC1B; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B isoform X1 [KO:K05757 ]
718875 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
719087 CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04646 ]
719340 CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b [KO:K12192 ]
719502 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X4 [KO:K12472 ]
719734 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 [KO:K12492 ]
720001 HSPA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 [KO:K03283 ]
720111 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
720875 AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K11824 ]
721576 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12495 ]
721744 PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X1 [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
721824 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12489 ]
722300 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
mcc04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mcc04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
mcc04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway