KEGG   PATHWAY: mcoc04724
Entry
mcoc04724                   Pathway                                
Name
Glutamatergic synapse - Mastomys coucha (southern multimammate mouse)
Description
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system(CNS). Glutamate is packaged into synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. Once released into the synaptic cleft, glutamate acts on postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) to mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission. Glutamate can also act on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and exert a variety of modulatory effects through their coupling to G proteins and the subsequent recruitment of second messenger systems. Presynaptically localized Group II and Group III mGluRs are thought to represent the classical inhibitory autoreceptor mechanism that suppresses excess glutamate release. After its action on these receptors, glutamate can be removed from the synaptic cleft by EAATs located either on the presynaptic terminal, neighboring glial cells, or the postsynaptic neuron. In glia, glutamate is converted to glutamine, which is then transported back to the presynaptic terminal and converted back to glutamate.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
mcoc04724  Glutamatergic synapse
mcoc04724

Other DBs
GO: 0051966
Organism
Mastomys coucha (southern multimammate mouse) [GN:mcoc]
Gene
116078563  Slc38a1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
116078585  Slc38a2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
116076275  Gls2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
116088409  Gls; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
116102176  Slc17a7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
116102282  Slc17a6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302]
116075842  Slc17a8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 [KO:K12302]
116086105  Grik1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05201]
116074288  Grik2; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05202]
116096621  Grik3; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05203]
116072150  Grik4; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05204]
116101832  Grik5; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05205]
116078447  Gria1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05197]
116093023  Gria2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05198]
116079010  Gria3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05199]
116074206  Gria4; glutamate receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05200]
116089804  Grin1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
116084963  Grin2a; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A [KO:K05209]
116099710  Grin2b; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
116078169  Grin2c; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211]
116102223  Grin2d; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D isoform X1 [KO:K05212]
116096011  Grin3a; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A isoform X1 [KO:K05213]
116076095  Grin3b; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B [KO:K05214]
116093830  Ppp3ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
116084124  Ppp3cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
116084832  Ppp3cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
116096012  Ppp3r2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
116071362  Ppp3r1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
116079061  Dlg4; disks large homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11828]
116088881  Dlgap1; disks large-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15008]
116102119  Shank1; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15009]
116103278  Shank2; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15009]
116078059  Shank3; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15009]
116090943  Lzts3; leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K26472]
116072568  Trpc1; short transient receptor potential channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04964]
116097763  Grm1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
116102534  Grm5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604]
116102489  Homer2; homer protein homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15010]
116083766  Homer1; homer protein homolog 1 [KO:K15010]
116069457  Homer3; homer protein homolog 3 [KO:K15010]
116103624  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
116103465  Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116090695  Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116090998  Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116090999  Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116076783  Prkca; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
116102917  Prkcb; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
116101512  Prkcg; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
116099362  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
116099798  Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
116075536  Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
116100272  Pla2g4c; cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116100719  Pla2g4a; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116090743  Pla2g4b; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116090754  Pla2g4e; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116090758  Pla2g4f; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116090760  Pla2g4d; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
116095022  Pld1; phospholipase D1 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
116079039  Pld2; phospholipase D2 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
116102969  Mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
116073648  Mapk6; mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
116085641  Mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
116091495  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
116091496  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
116069116  Adcy1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116083593  Adcy2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116079663  Adcy3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116084111  Adcy4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116085856  Adcy5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116079067  Adcy6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116069817  Adcy7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116082049  Adcy8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116084214  Adcy9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116093928  Prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
116069698  Prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
116073477  Grm2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K04605]
116097480  Grm3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 [KO:K04606]
116074986  Grm4; metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 [KO:K04607]
116077303  Grm6; metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 [KO:K04608]
116099368  Grm7; metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 [KO:K04609]
116098642  Grm8; metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04610]
116097497  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
116093617  Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
116072321  Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
116069889  Gnao1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
116097142  Gnb1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
116068597  Gnb2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
116099581  Gnb3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07825]
116095064  Gnb4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
116073026  Gnb5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
116085348  Gng2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
116103521  Gng3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
116082206  Gng4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
116093923  Gng5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
116076327  Gng7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
116101712  Gng8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
116096080  Gng10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
116098540  Gng11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
116099017  Gng12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
116069754  Gng14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
116078416  Gng13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
116097985  Gngt1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
116078231  Gngt2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
116103332  Grk2; beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 [KO:K00910] [EC:2.7.11.15]
116068187  Grk3; beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00910] [EC:2.7.11.15]
116090184  Kcnj3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997]
116067850  voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
116090562  Slc1a2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05613]
116095486  Slc1a7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05618]
116103703  Slc1a1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
116076227  Slc1a6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 [KO:K05617]
116099482  Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
116084337  Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
116083755  Slc1a3; excitatory amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05614]
116101519  Glul; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
116073295  Slc38a3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00238  Potassium cation
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:20055706
  Authors
Niswender CM, Conn PJ
  Title
Metabotropic glutamate receptors: physiology, pharmacology, and disease.
  Journal
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 50:295-322 (2010)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.011008.145533
Reference
PMID:19112153
  Authors
Ferraguti F, Crepaldi L, Nicoletti F
  Title
Metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor: current concepts and perspectives.
  Journal
Pharmacol Rev 60:536-81 (2008)
DOI:10.1124/pr.108.000166
Reference
PMID:11672421
  Authors
Hermans E, Challiss RA
  Title
Structural, signalling and regulatory properties of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: prototypic family C G-protein-coupled receptors.
  Journal
Biochem J 359:465-84 (2001)
DOI:10.1042/bj3590465
Reference
PMID:17663464
  Authors
Kim CH, Lee J, Lee JY, Roche KW
  Title
Metabotropic glutamate receptors: phosphorylation and receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Neurosci Res 86:1-10 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/jnr.21437
Reference
PMID:14684436
  Authors
Meador-Woodruff JH, Clinton SM, Beneyto M, McCullumsmith RE
  Title
Molecular abnormalities of the glutamate synapse in the thalamus in schizophrenia.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1003:75-93 (2003)
DOI:10.1196/annals.1300.005
Reference
PMID:18425072
  Authors
Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK
  Title
Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders.
  Journal
Nat Rev Drug Discov 7:426-37 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrd2462
Reference
PMID:17706608
  Authors
Gass JT, Olive MF
  Title
Glutamatergic substrates of drug addiction and alcoholism.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:218-65 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.06.039
Reference
PMID:9665875
  Authors
Palmada M, Centelles JJ
  Title
Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission. Pathways for metabolism, storage and reuptake of glutamate in brain.
  Journal
Front Biosci 3:d701-18 (1998)
DOI:10.2741/a314
Reference
PMID:11561058
  Authors
Schoepp DD
  Title
Unveiling the functions of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299:12-20 (2001)
Reference
PMID:19559598
  Authors
de Jong AP, Verhage M
  Title
Presynaptic signal transduction pathways that modulate synaptic transmission.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 19:245-53 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2009.06.005
Reference
PMID:18464791
  Authors
Pinheiro PS, Mulle C
  Title
Presynaptic glutamate receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of action.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:423-36 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2379
Reference
PMID:19110202
  Authors
Byrnes KR, Loane DJ, Faden AI
  Title
Metabotropic glutamate receptors as targets for multipotential treatment of neurological disorders.
  Journal
Neurotherapeutics 6:94-107 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.nurt.2008.10.038
Reference
PMID:10481192
  Authors
Conti F, Weinberg RJ
  Title
Shaping excitation at glutamatergic synapses.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 22:451-8 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(99)01445-9
Reference
PMID:12399578
  Authors
Sheng M, Kim MJ
  Title
Postsynaptic signaling and plasticity mechanisms.
  Journal
Science 298:776-80 (2002)
DOI:10.1126/science.1075333
Related
pathway
mcoc00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mcoc04020  Calcium signaling pathway
mcoc04720  Long-term potentiation
mcoc04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
mcoc04730  Long-term depression
KO pathway
ko04724   
LinkDB

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