KEGG   PATHWAY: mmyo04140
Entry
mmyo04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
mmyo04140  Autophagy - animal
mmyo04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat) [GN:mmyo]
Gene
118648965  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
118649351  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K08770]
118649389  [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118649395  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
118649554  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
118649569  [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118649570  [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118649629  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118649996  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20181]
118650031  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118650234  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
118650244  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
118650253  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
118650809  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
118651096  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
118651135  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 isoform X1 [KO:K19730]
118651521  [KO:K07208]
118651692  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
118651714  [KO:K11248]
118651797  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
118651884  [KO:K08516]
118651897  [KO:K02927]
118651925  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118652068  [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118652600  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
118652717  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
118653012  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118653118  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
118653371  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
118653501  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118653612  [KO:K21245]
118653613  [KO:K21245]
118653669  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
118653760  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
118653868  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118654023  RRAGB; ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X1 [KO:K16185]
118654213  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118654263  [KO:K21245]
118654537  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118654640  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
118654665  [KO:K02977]
118654697  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
118655031  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118655365  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
118655421  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07829]
118655509  UBC; polyubiquitin-C isoform X1 [KO:K08770]
118655744  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator isoform X1 [KO:K17889]
118656083  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
118656155  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
118656158  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
118656203  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118656215  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
118656230  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
118656430  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X1 [KO:K17888]
118656443  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118656605  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118656667  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X1 [KO:K08336]
118656765  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03237]
118656810  [KO:K02977]
118657573  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118657591  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
118657663  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
118657754  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118657857  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
118657986  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118658020  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
118658185  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
118658245  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
118658400  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118658615  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
118659331  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118659345  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X1 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118659594  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
118659596  [KO:K04526]
118659608  [KO:K04526]
118659612  [KO:K04526]
118659996  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118660009  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
118660024  STX7; syntaxin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K08488]
118660300  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
118660375  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
118661084  ATG9A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
118661088  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
118661181  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
118661218  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
118661524  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
118661639  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
118661907  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118662560  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
118662561  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
118662569  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a isoform X1 [KO:K07897]
118662724  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
118662908  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
118663066  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
118663097  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20180]
118663765  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
118664042  [KO:K17606]
118664198  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
118664569  [KO:K02927]
118664620  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
118664680  ATG16L2; protein Atg16l2 isoform X1 [KO:K20868]
118664857  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
118665077  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
118665082  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
118665127  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
118665219  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118665340  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
118665363  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
118665501  [KO:K02927]
118665864  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
118665970  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
118666078  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
118666406  [KO:K08770]
118666926  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
118667259  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
118667386  [KO:K17908]
118667405  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118667406  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118667408  [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118667574  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
118667610  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
118667612  [KO:K02927]
118667617  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118667634  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118667983  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118668032  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
118668066  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
118668076  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118668125  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118668132  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
118668185  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118668353  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
118668410  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
118668681  [KO:K02977]
118668793  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
118668936  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A isoform X1 [KO:K07874]
118668994  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
118669003  [KO:K22991]
118669118  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
118669652  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
118670001  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
118670051  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
118670126  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
118670778  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402]
118670913  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
118670959  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
118670993  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118671264  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
118671353  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
118671457  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
118671466  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
118671561  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
118671592  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
118671632  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
118671640  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
118671643  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118671717  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
118672048  [KO:K08341]
118672194  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type isoform X1 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118672986  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
118673367  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b isoform X1 [KO:K07898]
118674235  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
118674257  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
118674834  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118675045  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118675195  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
118675217  [KO:K02649]
118675238  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118675322  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118675444  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
118675608  [KO:K08341]
118676261  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
118676302  [KO:K08334]
118676521  [KO:K07901]
118677140  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
118677209  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
118677363  [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
118677446  OPTN; optineurin isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
118677471  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
118677567  [KO:K08343]
118677590  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118677651  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118678229  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
118678237  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
118678263  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182]
118678273  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
118678650  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118678909  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118678960  [KO:K08334]
118679204  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
118679322  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118679430  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
118679434  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb isoform X1 [KO:K07208]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
mmyo04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mmyo04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
mmyo04142  Lysosome biogenesis
mmyo04150  mTOR signaling pathway
mmyo04152  AMPK signaling pathway
mmyo04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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