KEGG   PATHWAY: nni04140
Entry
nni04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Nipponia nippon (crested ibis)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
nni04140  Autophagy - animal
nni04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Nipponia nippon (crested ibis) [GN:nni]
Gene
104008582  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
104008710  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104008835  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
104008980  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
104008993  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104009253  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104009342  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
104009696  [KO:K08268]
104009713  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
104009879  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
104009883  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein [KO:K17987]
104009994  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
104010041  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
104010058  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
104010140  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
104010193  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
104010304  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
104010349  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
104010364  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
104010412  [KO:K04526]
104010494  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104010587  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
104010685  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104010934  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog [KO:K21245]
104010969  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
104011019  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
104011114  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
104011272  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104011319  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
104011627  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
104011755  CTSL; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
104011763  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104011978  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
104012002  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
104012073  [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104012172  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104012232  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348]
104012275  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
104012429  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
104012562  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
104012697  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
104012924  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
104013122  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
104013238  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104013239  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
104013339  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
104013469  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
104013521  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
104013560  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
104013579  [KO:K21250]
104013665  [KO:K23609]
104013693  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
104013818  [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
104013865  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
104013916  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
104014147  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
104014189  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
104014273  RPTOR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
104014306  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
104014356  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
104014534  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104014619  OPTN; optineurin [KO:K19946]
104014687  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
104014810  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B [KO:K17906]
104014884  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 [KO:K26797]
104014902  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
104015124  SMCR8; smith-Magenis syndrome chromosomal region candidate gene 8 protein [KO:K23611]
104015144  TSC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tuberin [KO:K07207]
104015160  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104015222  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
104015269  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
104015282  ERN2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
104015409  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
104015461  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104015475  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 [KO:K11248]
104015658  KIAA0226; run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing protein [KO:K19330]
104016188  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
104016213  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
104016253  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104016496  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
104016535  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104016559  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
104016606  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
104016745  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104016945  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
104016971  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
104017047  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104017228  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
104017304  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
104017807  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
104017813  [KO:K07925]
104017995  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
104018098  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
104018174  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
104018321  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
104018409  [KO:K10435]
104018444  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104018476  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104018561  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104018677  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
104018715  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
104018731  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
104018759  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104018797  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
104018809  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104018928  RAB1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
104018970  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
104019091  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
104019415  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
104019471  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
104019573  [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
104019595  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
104019763  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 [KO:K17589]
104019815  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104019864  [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
104019896  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104019955  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
104019972  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
104020042  [KO:K20402]
104020099  MAPK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104020263  AKT2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104020299  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
104020328  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
104020360  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
104020375  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985]
104020377  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
104020409  EIF2AK4; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104020439  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
104020711  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
104020820  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104021086  RRAGB; ras-related GTP-binding protein B [KO:K16185]
104021550  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]
104021857  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
104021941  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104021946  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
104022412  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
104022602  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
104022657  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a isoform X1 [KO:K07897]
104022771  UVRAG; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]
104022896  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
104022929  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104022936  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
104023001  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
104023014  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
104023182  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
104023330  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
104023627  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
104023652  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
104023657  [KO:K07925]
104023668  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
nni04010  MAPK signaling pathway
nni04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
nni04142  Lysosome
nni04150  mTOR signaling pathway
nni04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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