KEGG   PATHWAY: cpic04217
Entry
cpic04217                   Pathway                                
Name
Necroptosis - Chrysemys picta (western painted turtle)
Description
Necroptosis is a programmed form of necrosis. It can be initiated by different stimuli, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Fas ligand (FasL), interferon (IFN), LPS, viral DNA or RNA, DNA-damage agent and requires the kinase activity of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3. Its execution involves ROS generation, calcium overload, the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, mitochondrial fission, inflammatory response and chromatinolysis. Necroptosis participates in many pathogenesis of diseases, including neurological diseases, retinal disorders, acute kidney injury, inflammatory diseases and microbial infections.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
cpic04217  Necroptosis
cpic04217

Organism
Chrysemys picta (western painted turtle) [GN:cpic]
Gene
101949059  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
101951781  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03158]
101942962  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
101946577  TNF receptor-associated factor 1-like isoform X2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101933518  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101933745  TRAF5; TNF receptor-associated factor 5 [KO:K09849]
101949964  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101948146  inhibitor of apoptosis protein-like [KO:K16060]
101937031  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101952313  sharpin [KO:K10630] [EC:2.3.2.31]
101954121  RBCK1; ranBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10630] [EC:2.3.2.31]
101951677  RNF31; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF31 [KO:K11974] [EC:2.3.2.31]
101953869  uncharacterized protein LOC101953869 [KO:K17595]
101939215  SPATA2L; spermatogenesis-associated protein 2-like protein [KO:K17595]
101953382  SPATA2; spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 [KO:K17595]
101948467  CYLD; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD isoform X1 [KO:K08601] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101935998  ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD-like [KO:K08601] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101931384  ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD-like [KO:K08601] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101944927  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
101934006  caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
101934828  caspase-8-like [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
101941100  CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
101936248  receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 [KO:K08847] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101949220  cytochrome b-245 heavy chain [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
101933671  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X14 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101952899  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X3 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101952653  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X2 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101939367  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101947225  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
101937873  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
101952179  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
101935127  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
101939835  PPID; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101939936  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
101951352  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
101947465  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
101941569  GLUD1; glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00261] [EC:1.4.1.3]
101932468  glutamate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00261] [EC:1.4.1.3]
101939162  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
101945891  glutamine synthetase isoform X2 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
101946747  PYGL; glycogen phosphorylase, liver form [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
101948961  PYGB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycogen phosphorylase, brain form [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
101947990  PYGM; glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form isoform X1 [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
101931056  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101952425  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101936886  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101937621  ferritin heavy chain A [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101937908  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101938174  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101938710  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101938985  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101939527  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101939802  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101937984  ferritin heavy chain [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101939003  ferritin light chain, oocyte isoform-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101938449  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101937990  ferritin heavy chain A-like [KO:K00522] [EC:1.16.3.1]
101949272  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101935895  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101942789  cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101951104  cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101935773  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101934086  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101934370  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101934642  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101934938  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101935221  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101935501  cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101948562  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
112060933  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101935497  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
101953330  CAPN11; calpain-11 [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
101940996  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
101951948  SMPD1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase [KO:K12350] [EC:3.1.4.12]
101953736  MLKL; mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein [KO:K08849] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101945215  DNM1L; dynamin-1-like protein isoform X5 [KO:K17065] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101941954  dynamin-1-like protein [KO:K17065] [EC:3.6.5.5]
101952637  NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12800]
103305709  NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12800]
101951356  apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD [KO:K12799]
103306830  apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD [KO:K12799]
101934101  NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12799]
101953452  apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD isoform X1 [KO:K12799]
101950531  apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD [KO:K12799]
101949038  tripartite motif-containing protein 10-like [KO:K12799]
101951713  caspase-1-like [KO:K01370] [EC:3.4.22.36]
101943587  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
101949861  interleukin-1 beta-like [KO:K04519]
101944704  CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a [KO:K12191]
101947152  CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b [KO:K12192]
101952759  CHMP4B; charged multivesicular body protein 4b [KO:K12194]
101936278  CHMP4C; charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782]
101943337  CHMP6; charged multivesicular body protein 6 isoform X2 [KO:K12195]
101950266  VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196]
101936643  VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196]
101939496  CHMP1B; charged multivesicular body protein 1b [KO:K12197]
101938679  CHMP1A; charged multivesicular body protein 1a [KO:K12197]
101953437  CHMP5; charged multivesicular body protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12198]
101945976  CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K15053]
101940689  TRPM7; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 isoform X3 [KO:K04982] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101940978  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
101952595  TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04721]
101944874  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A [KO:K04722]
101954090  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6-like isoform X2 [KO:K04722]
101951265  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
101938109  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
101942832  interferon beta-like [KO:K05414]
101943112  interferon beta-like [KO:K05414]
101937920  interferon beta [KO:K05414]
101941771  interferon kappa-like [KO:K05414]
101934164  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
101942233  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 [KO:K05130]
101941521  IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 [KO:K05131]
101945033  IFNGR1; interferon gamma receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05132]
101942504  IFNGR2; interferon gamma receptor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05133]
101947775  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101952589  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101946232  JAK3; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 isoform X1 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101953348  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101931440  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X2 [KO:K11220]
101944167  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 [KO:K11221]
101952372  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
101932470  STAT4; signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11222]
101932204  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [KO:K11224]
101950059  STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11225]
101940624  IRF9; interferon regulatory factor 9 [KO:K04693]
101940470  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101954201  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 [KO:K10160]
101939118  TICAM2; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K05409]
101953839  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
101940055  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05401]
101948717  ZBP1; Z-DNA-binding protein 1 [KO:K12965]
101931581  USP21; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 21 isoform X1 [KO:K21634] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101944118  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X3 [KO:K14381]
101939878  HSP90AA1; heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha [KO:K04079]
101931875  HSP90AB1; heat shock protein HSP 90-beta [KO:K04079]
101945596  TNFAIP3; tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 [KO:K11859] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101933047  PARP1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
101936235  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
101948093  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
101940981  AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
101943156  histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101930826  histone H2A type 2-C-like [KO:K11251]
101951171  core histone macro-H2A.2 isoform X4 [KO:K11251]
101931888  histone H2A.Z [KO:K11251]
101939573  histone H2A.V [KO:K11251]
103306865  histone H2A-beta, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
101951500  histone H2A.J-like [KO:K11251]
101952034  histone H2A.J-like [KO:K11251]
101953696  histone H2A.J-like [KO:K11251]
101953119  histone H2A type 2-C [KO:K11251]
101936573  histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101935872  histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101940972  histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101935518  histone H2A type 2-B [KO:K11251]
101937784  histone H2A-beta, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
101934633  histone H2A-beta, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
101931070  core histone macro-H2A.1 isoform X1 [KO:K11251]
101931121  histone H2A-like [KO:K11251]
101939050  histone H2A type 2-C [KO:K11251]
101939874  histone H2A.J-like [KO:K11251]
101934193  histone H2A.J [KO:K11251]
101948391  histone H2A, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
101945609  histone H2A type 2-C-like [KO:K11251]
101950318  histone H2A [KO:K11251]
122172730  late histone H2A.2.2-like [KO:K11251]
122172963  histone H2A-beta, sperm-like [KO:K11251]
122174852  late histone H2A.1-like [KO:K11251]
101933683  peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A [KO:K03767] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101937209  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00195  N-Acylsphingosine
C00219  Arachidonate
C00305  Magnesium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C00550  Sphingomyelin
C14592  N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
Reference
PMID:20823910
  Authors
Vandenabeele P, Galluzzi L, Vanden Berghe T, Kroemer G
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis: an ordered cellular explosion.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 11:700-14 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2970
Reference
PMID:26008591
  Authors
Brenner D, Blaser H, Mak TW
  Title
Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 15:362-74 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nri3834
Reference
PMID:26775689
  Authors
Conrad M, Angeli JP, Vandenabeele P, Stockwell BR
  Title
Regulated necrosis: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities.
  Journal
Nat Rev Drug Discov 15:348-66 (2016)
DOI:10.1038/nrd.2015.6
Reference
PMID:24129419
  Authors
Ofengeim D, Yuan J
  Title
Regulation of RIP1 kinase signalling at the crossroads of inflammation and cell death.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14:727-36 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrm3683
Reference
PMID:27158445
  Authors
Murphy JM, Vince JE
  Title
Post-translational control of RIPK3 and MLKL mediated necroptotic cell death.
  Journal
F1000Res 4:F1000 Faculty Rev-1297 (2015)
DOI:10.12688/f1000research.7046.1
Reference
PMID:24452471
  Authors
Vanden Berghe T, Linkermann A, Jouan-Lanhouet S, Walczak H, Vandenabeele P
  Title
Regulated necrosis: the expanding network of non-apoptotic cell death pathways.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15:135-47 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/nrm3737
Reference
PMID:27368376
  Authors
Dondelinger Y, Hulpiau P, Saeys Y, Bertrand MJ, Vandenabeele P
  Title
An evolutionary perspective on the necroptotic pathway.
  Journal
Trends Cell Biol 26:721-32 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.06.004
Reference
PMID:27746097
  Authors
Thapa RJ, Ingram JP, Ragan KB, Nogusa S, Boyd DF, Benitez AA, Sridharan H, Kosoff R, Shubina M, Landsteiner VJ, Andrake M, Vogel P, Sigal LJ, tenOever BR, Thomas PG, Upton JW, Balachandran S
  Title
DAI Senses Influenza A Virus Genomic RNA and Activates RIPK3-Dependent Cell Death.
  Journal
Cell Host Microbe 20:674-681 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2016.09.014
Reference
PMID:27984721
  Authors
Yuan J, Najafov A, Py BF
  Title
Roles of Caspases in Necrotic Cell Death.
  Journal
Cell 167:1693-1704 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.047
Reference
PMID:28138137
  Authors
Jorgensen I, Rayamajhi M, Miao EA
  Title
Programmed cell death as a defence against infection.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 17:151-164 (2017)
DOI:10.1038/nri.2016.147
Reference
PMID:20354226
  Authors
Vandenabeele P, Declercq W, Van Herreweghe F, Vanden Berghe T
  Title
The role of the kinases RIP1 and RIP3 in TNF-induced necrosis.
  Journal
Sci Signal 3:re4 (2010)
DOI:10.1126/scisignal.3115re4
Reference
PMID:22075985
  Authors
Vanlangenakker N, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P
  Title
Many stimuli pull the necrotic trigger, an overview.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:75-86 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.164
Reference
PMID:23913919
  Authors
Moriwaki K, Chan FK
  Title
RIP3: a molecular switch for necrosis and inflammation.
  Journal
Genes Dev 27:1640-9 (2013)
DOI:10.1101/gad.223321.113
Reference
PMID:25146926
  Authors
Humphries F, Yang S, Wang B, Moynagh PN
  Title
RIP kinases: key decision makers in cell death and innate immunity.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:225-36 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.126
Reference
PMID:28126382
  Authors
Wegner KW, Saleh D, Degterev A
  Title
Complex Pathologic Roles of RIPK1 and RIPK3: Moving Beyond Necroptosis.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 38:202-225 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2016.12.005
Reference
PMID:27545878
  Authors
Kupka S, De Miguel D, Draber P, Martino L, Surinova S, Rittinger K, Walczak H
  Title
SPATA2-Mediated Binding of CYLD to HOIP Enables CYLD Recruitment to Signaling Complexes.
  Journal
Cell Rep 16:2271-80 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.086
Reference
PMID:27219062
  Authors
Goodall ML, Fitzwalter BE, Zahedi S, Wu M, Rodriguez D, Mulcahy-Levy JM, Green DR, Morgan M, Cramer SD, Thorburn A
  Title
The Autophagy Machinery Controls Cell Death Switching between Apoptosis and Necroptosis.
  Journal
Dev Cell 37:337-49 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2016.04.018
Reference
PMID:19910467
  Authors
Xu G, Tan X, Wang H, Sun W, Shi Y, Burlingame S, Gu X, Cao G, Zhang T, Qin J, Yang J
  Title
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced nuclear factor kappaB activation via binding to and deubiquitinating receptor-interacting protein 1.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 285:969-78 (2010)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M109.042689
Reference
PMID:26971869
  Authors
Jacobsen AV, Silke J
  Title
The importance of being chaperoned: HSP90 and necroptosis.
  Journal
Cell Chem Biol 23:205-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.02.003
Reference
PMID:25988900
  Authors
Gurung P, Man SM, Kanneganti TD
  Title
A20 is a regulator of necroptosis.
  Journal
Nat Immunol 16:596-7 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/ni.3174
Reference
PMID:28025046
  Authors
Feng N, Anderson ME
  Title
CaMKII is a nodal signal for multiple programmed cell death pathways in heart.
  Journal
J Mol Cell Cardiol 103:102-109 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.007
Reference
PMID:19696789
  Authors
Zhivotovsky B, Galluzzi L, Kepp O, Kroemer G
  Title
Adenine nucleotide translocase: a component of the phylogenetically conserved cell death machinery.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 16:1419-25 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2009.118
Reference
PMID:23898178
  Authors
Thapa RJ, Nogusa S, Chen P, Maki JL, Lerro A, Andrake M, Rall GF, Degterev A, Balachandran S
  Title
Interferon-induced RIP1/RIP3-mediated necrosis requires PKR and is licensed by FADD and caspases.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:E3109-18 (2013)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1301218110
Reference
PMID:21576359
  Authors
Thapa RJ, Basagoudanavar SH, Nogusa S, Irrinki K, Mallilankaraman K, Slifker MJ, Beg AA, Madesh M, Balachandran S
  Title
NF-kappaB protects cells from gamma interferon-induced RIP1-dependent necroptosis.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 31:2934-46 (2011)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.05445-11
Reference
PMID:24565922
  Authors
Sridharan H, Upton JW
  Title
Programmed necrosis in microbial pathogenesis.
  Journal
Trends Microbiol 22:199-207 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2014.01.005
Reference
PMID:21738214
  Authors
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Nat Immunol 16:689-97 (2015)
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Cell 169:186-187 (2017)
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Cell 169:286-300.e16 (2017)
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Immunol Cell Biol 95:152-159 (2017)
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Nat Cell Biol 16:55-65 (2014)
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