KEGG   PATHWAY: gja04140
Entry
gja04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Gekko japonicus (Schlegel's Japanese gecko)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
gja04140  Autophagy - animal
gja04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Gekko japonicus (Schlegel's Japanese gecko) [GN:gja]
Gene
107123376  INS; insulin-like [KO:K04526]
107121607  IGF1R; insulin like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
107116003  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
107114014  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
107120743  insulin receptor substrate 2-like [KO:K07187]
107110982  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107110507  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107107376  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107118085  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107108905  PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649]
107119473  PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649]
107121678  PIK3R2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649]
107106228  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107108180  AKT1; AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107107366  AKT2; AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107121519  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107121111  phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
107120016  PTEN; phosphatase and tensin homolog [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
107112057  HRAS; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K02833]
107106941  KRAS; KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K07827]
107116614  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
107122828  MRAS; muscle RAS oncogene homolog [KO:K07831]
107108106  RRAS; related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog [KO:K07830]
107113523  RRAS2; related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2 [KO:K07830]
107118023  RAF1; Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107121194  MAP2K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
107118240  MAP2K2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
107117455  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107115252  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107119536  HIF1A; hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit [KO:K08268]
107107386  DDIT4; DNA damage inducible transcript 4 [KO:K08270]
107114161  TSC2; tuberous sclerosis 2 [KO:K07207]
107112796  TSC1; tuberous sclerosis 1 [KO:K07206]
107108839  BNIP3; BCL2 interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
107123159  RHEB; Ras homolog enriched in brain [KO:K07208]
107108212  RPTOR; regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1 [KO:K07204]
107112920  DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like [KO:K20402]
107112090  DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like [KO:K20402]
107108920  MTOR; mechanistic target of rapamycin [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107116605  AKT1S1; AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
107125598  MLST8; MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog [KO:K08266]
107123110  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107121293  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2-like [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107110552  IGBP1; immunoglobulin binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
107125982  PPP2CA; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107110575  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107108284  ULK1; unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107111226  ULK2; unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107106976  ATG13; autophagy related 13 [KO:K08331]
107126212  ATG101; autophagy related 101 [KO:K19730]
107106682  RB1CC1; RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1 [KO:K17589]
107110122  ATG2A; autophagy related 2A [KO:K17906]
107112654  ATG2B; autophagy related 2B [KO:K17906]
107112906  WIPI1; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 1 [KO:K17908]
107123504  WIPI2; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2 [KO:K17908]
107121875  WDR45B; WD repeat domain 45B [KO:K22991]
107114955  WDR45; WD repeat domain 45 [KO:K22991]
107122050  ATG9A; autophagy related 9A [KO:K17907]
107118613  autophagy-related protein 9A-like [KO:K17907]
107125574  SUPT20H; SPT20 homolog, SAGA complex component [KO:K21245]
107108722  SMCR8; Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 8 [KO:K23611]
107117376  WDR41; WD repeat domain 41 [KO:K23610]
107116260  chromosome unknown open reading frame, human C9orf72 [KO:K23609]
107121692  RAB8A; RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07901]
107125706  RAB39B; RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07925]
107121829  RAB42; RAB42, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07925]
107110311  SQSTM1; sequestosome 1 [KO:K14381]
107110994  TBK1; TANK binding kinase 1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
107126126  TANK; TRAF family member associated NFKB activator [KO:K12650]
107125857  ras-related protein ORAB-1-like [KO:K07874]
107114296  RAB1A; RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07874]
107108531  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
107108703  RRAGC; Ras related GTP binding C [KO:K16186]
107115386  RRAGD; Ras related GTP binding D [KO:K16186]
107107346  STK11; serine/threonine kinase 11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107108814  PRKAA1; protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
107118038  PRKAA2; protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
107117304  PRKACB; protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107117579  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107115526  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
107114224  mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107123710  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107119264  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107108130  apoptosis regulator Bcl-2-like [KO:K02161]
107110471  BCL2L1; BCL2 like 1 [KO:K04570]
107115197  BAD; BCL2 associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
107123519  BECN1; beclin 1 [KO:K08334]
107112665  NRBF2; nuclear receptor binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
107122693  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107111164  ATG14; autophagy related 14 [KO:K17889]
107116985  TRAF6; TNF receptor associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
107112277  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
107123107  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
107107814  STX17; syntaxin 17 [KO:K08491]
107106375  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance associated [KO:K21249]
107115091  SH3GLB1; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like endophilin B1 [KO:K11248]
107122830  RUBCN; RUN and cysteine rich domain containing beclin 1 interacting protein [KO:K19330]
107115910  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107114874  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
107125926  serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1-like [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
107126200  ERN2; endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
107116811  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
107118016  DAPK2; death associated protein kinase 2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107119724  DAPK1; death associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107118242  DAPK3; death associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107122492  HMGB1; high mobility group box 1 [KO:K10802]
107118588  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107119647  EIF2AK4; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107112203  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237]
107122295  MTMR3; myotubularin related protein 3 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107112431  MTMR4; myotubularin related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107111938  myotubularin-related protein 14-like [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107117902  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE-type containing 1 [KO:K17603]
107114715  ATG12; autophagy related 12 [KO:K08336]
107114122  ATG5; autophagy related 5 [KO:K08339]
107123602  ATG16L1; autophagy related 16 like 1 [KO:K17890]
107109765  ATG16L2; autophagy related 16 like 2 [KO:K20868]
107118015  ATG7; autophagy related 7 [KO:K08337]
107110516  ATG3; autophagy related 3 [KO:K08343]
107122428  CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
107110803  RAB33B; RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07920]
107109670  GABARAPL1; GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1 [KO:K08341]
107118080  GABARAP; GABA type A receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
107124703  GABARAPL2; GABA type A receptor associated protein like 2 [KO:K08341]
107108479  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
107114054  MAP1LC3B; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta [KO:K10435]
107112266  MAP1LC3A; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha [KO:K10435]
107111242  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
107121619  MAP1LC3C; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma [KO:K10435]
107106852  ATG4C; autophagy related 4C cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107112115  ATG4A; autophagy related 4A cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107114545  ATG4B; autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107119336  cysteine protease ATG4D-like [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107120122  NBR1; NBR1, autophagy cargo receptor [KO:K17987]
107115511  OPTN; optineurin [KO:K19946]
107108713  CALCOCO2; calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2 [KO:K21348]
107105773  TAX1BP1; Tax1 binding protein 1 [KO:K21347]
107105629  WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3-like [KO:K22262]
107114185  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3 [KO:K22262]
107106191  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40-like [KO:K02927]
107123645  RPS27A; ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
107108405  polyubiquitin-C-like [KO:K08770]
107118501  UBC; ubiquitin C [KO:K08770]
107108781  SNAP29; synaptosome associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
107120334  VAMP8; vesicle associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
107117403  YKT6; YKT6 v-SNARE homolog (S. cerevisiae) [KO:K08516]
107116302  STX7; syntaxin 7 [KO:K08488]
107112084  EPG5; ectopic P-granules autophagy protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
107114952  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology and RUN domain containing M1 [KO:K23282]
107124551  VPS11; VPS11, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20179]
107116386  VPS16; VPS16, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20180]
107113926  VPS18; VPS18, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20181]
107115884  VPS33A; VPS33A, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20182]
107108208  VPS39; VPS39, HOPS complex subunit [KO:K20183]
107116053  VPS41; VPS41, HOPS complex subunit [KO:K20184]
107122648  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat containing 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
107107048  GORASP2; golgi reassembly stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
107111775  GORASP1; golgi reassembly stacking protein 1 [KO:K26797]
107113423  RAB7A; RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07897]
107115327  RAB7B; RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07898]
107110917  LAMP1; lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 [KO:K06528]
107123716  LAMP2; lysosomal associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K06528]
107116580  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
107118828  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
107119722  CTSL; cathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107123445  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107118283  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107118284  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107112866  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
gja04010  MAPK signaling pathway
gja04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
gja04142  Lysosome
gja04150  mTOR signaling pathway
gja04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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