KEGG   PATHWAY: lcm04140
Entry
lcm04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Latimeria chalumnae (coelacanth)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
lcm04140  Autophagy - animal
lcm04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Latimeria chalumnae (coelacanth) [GN:lcm]
Gene
102348278  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
102367342  IGF1R; insulin like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102366510  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
102367331  insulin receptor substrate 1-B-like [KO:K16172]
102364884  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
102366705  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
102351622  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102350948  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102351332  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102359335  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102353218  PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649]
102348007  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
102346160  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102359797  AKT1; AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102359272  AKT2; AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102346546  AKT3; AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102348548  PTEN; phosphatase and tensin homolog [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
102355427  HRAS; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K02833]
102352473  KRAS; KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase [KO:K07827]
102357700  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
102361045  NRAS; neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog [KO:K07828]
102359118  MRAS; muscle RAS oncogene homolog [KO:K07831]
102356108  ras-related protein M-Ras-like [KO:K07831]
102358831  RRAS2; related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2 [KO:K07830]
102349532  RRAS; related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog [KO:K07830]
102357545  RAF1; Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102358560  MAP2K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102350370  MAP2K2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102355992  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102354262  mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102348279  HIF1A; hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit [KO:K08268]
102360030  hypoxia-inducible factor 3-alpha-like [KO:K08268]
102346787  DDIT4; DNA damage inducible transcript 4 [KO:K08270]
102365821  TSC2; tuberous sclerosis 2 [KO:K07207]
102358393  TSC1; tuberous sclerosis 1 [KO:K07206]
102363775  BNIP3; BCL2 interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
102354722  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like [KO:K15464]
102353752  RHEBL1; Ras homolog enriched in brain like 1 [KO:K07208]
102345677  RHEB; Ras homolog enriched in brain [KO:K07208]
102347131  RPTOR; regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1 [KO:K07204]
102364537  DEPTOR; DEP domain containing MTOR interacting protein [KO:K20402]
102360124  MTOR; mechanistic target of rapamycin [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102354837  AKT1S1; AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
102367494  MLST8; MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog [KO:K08266]
102353676  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102361574  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1-like [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102350887  IGBP1; immunoglobulin binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
102349792  PPP2CA; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102350821  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102351366  ULK1; unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102355618  ULK2; unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102357923  ATG13; autophagy related 13 [KO:K08331]
102365932  ATG101; autophagy related 101 [KO:K19730]
102348920  RB1CC1; RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1 [KO:K17589]
102346592  ATG2A; autophagy related 2A [KO:K17906]
102365211  ATG2B; autophagy related 2B [KO:K17906]
102357407  WIPI2; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2 [KO:K17908]
102366942  WIPI1; WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 1 [KO:K17908]
102351988  WDR45B; WD repeat domain 45B [KO:K22991]
102353486  WDR45; WD repeat domain 45 [KO:K22991]
102348687  ATG9B; autophagy related 9B [KO:K17907]
102351874  ATG9A; autophagy related 9A [KO:K17907]
102367158  SUPT20H; SPT20 homolog, SAGA complex component [KO:K21245]
102351764  SMCR8; Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosome region, candidate 8 [KO:K23611]
102351568  WDR41; WD repeat domain 41 [KO:K23610]
102357718  chromosome unknown open reading frame, human C9orf72 [KO:K23609]
102348304  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
102348731  ras-related protein Rab-39B-like [KO:K07925]
102367403  RAB39B; RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07925]
102359142  SQSTM1; sequestosome 1 [KO:K14381]
102356087  TBK1; TANK binding kinase 1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102356173  TANK; TRAF family member associated NFKB activator [KO:K12650]
102352733  RAB1A; RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07874]
102349898  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
102354560  RRAGC; Ras related GTP binding C [KO:K16186]
102356056  RRAGD; Ras related GTP binding D [KO:K16186]
102364462  STK11; serine/threonine kinase 11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102365637  PRKAA2; protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
102349521  PRKAA1; protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
102359855  PRKACB; protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102362951  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102367474  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102357573  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102351693  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102351958  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102358181  BCL2L1; BCL2 like 1 [KO:K04570]
102363793  BAD; BCL2 associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
102346746  BECN1; beclin 1 [KO:K08334]
102348146  NRBF2; nuclear receptor binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
102349203  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102353717  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
102360778  ATG14; autophagy related 14 [KO:K17889]
102357663  AMBRA1; autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1 [KO:K17985]
102353931  TRAF6; TNF receptor associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102363975  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
102365667  tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 1-like [KO:K21247]
102356621  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
102364580  STX17; syntaxin 17 [KO:K08491]
102350818  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance associated [KO:K21249]
102363429  UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein-like [KO:K21249]
102347922  SH3GLB1; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like endophilin B1 [KO:K11248]
102349921  RUBCN; RUN and cysteine rich domain containing beclin 1 interacting protein [KO:K19330]
102352086  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
102358159  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
102363303  ERN1; endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
102352244  ERN2; endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
102361301  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
102347395  DAPK2; death associated protein kinase 2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102347325  death-associated protein kinase 2-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102361878  DAPK1; death associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102351164  DAPK3; death associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106705944  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102358310  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102366474  HMGB1; high mobility group box 1 [KO:K10802]
102363377  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4-like [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102367658  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237]
102364350  MTMR4; myotubularin related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
102352617  MTMR3; myotubularin related protein 3 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
102360413  MTMR14; myotubularin related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
102357932  zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K17603]
102348921  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE-type containing 1 [KO:K17603]
102348303  ATG12; autophagy related 12 [KO:K08336]
102349106  ATG5; autophagy related 5 [KO:K08339]
102357351  ATG16L1; autophagy related 16 like 1 [KO:K17890]
102359717  ATG16L2; autophagy related 16 like 2 [KO:K20868]
102364404  ATG7; autophagy related 7 [KO:K08337]
102357639  ATG10; autophagy related 10 [KO:K17888]
102357616  ATG3; autophagy related 3 [KO:K08343]
102359774  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
102358164  ras-related protein Rab-33B-like [KO:K07920]
102346294  RAB33B; RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07920]
102348224  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102356442  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
102357322  GABARAPL2; GABA type A receptor associated protein like 2 [KO:K08341]
102348715  GABARAPL1; GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1 [KO:K08341]
102365528  MAP1LC3A; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha [KO:K10435]
102363169  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
102358729  MAP1LC3B; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta [KO:K10435]
102345225  MAP1LC3C; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma [KO:K10435]
102364191  ATG4D; autophagy related 4D cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102346631  ATG4A; autophagy related 4A cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102358086  ATG4B; autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102363717  ATG4C; autophagy related 4C cysteine peptidase [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102353333  NBR1; NBR1, autophagy cargo receptor [KO:K17987]
102365549  optineurin-like [KO:K19946]
102346603  CALCOCO2; calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2 [KO:K21348]
102346623  TAX1BP1; Tax1 binding protein 1 [KO:K21347]
102347921  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3 [KO:K22262]
102362430  UBA52; ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 [KO:K02927]
102361105  RPS27A; ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
102352191  SNAP29; synaptosome associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
102360218  VAMP8; vesicle associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
102361093  YKT6; YKT6 v-SNARE homolog (S. cerevisiae) [KO:K08516]
102358283  STX7; syntaxin 7 [KO:K08488]
102366901  EPG5; ectopic P-granules autophagy protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
102347592  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology and RUN domain containing M1 [KO:K23282]
102367369  VPS11; VPS11, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20179]
102345182  VPS16; VPS16, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20180]
102354296  VPS18; VPS18, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20181]
102351023  VPS33A; VPS33A, CORVET/HOPS core subunit [KO:K20182]
102356608  VPS39; VPS39, HOPS complex subunit [KO:K20183]
102351074  VPS41; VPS41, HOPS complex subunit [KO:K20184]
102355826  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat containing 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
102358695  GORASP2; golgi reassembly stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
102353448  RAB7A; RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07897]
106704515  ras-related protein Rab-7a-like [KO:K07897]
102352152  ras-related protein Rab-7a-like [KO:K07897]
102365157  RAB7B; RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07898]
102362692  LAMP2; lysosomal associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K06528]
102353801  LAMP1; lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 [KO:K06528]
102355307  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
102351433  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
102360396  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
102358477  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
102351388  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
102351271  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
lcm04010  MAPK signaling pathway
lcm04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
lcm04142  Lysosome
lcm04150  mTOR signaling pathway
lcm04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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