Entry
Name
Thermogenesis - Lipotes vexillifer (Yangtze River dolphin)
Description
Thermogenesis is essential for warm-blooded animals, ensuring normal cellular and physiological function under conditions of environmental challenge. Thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissue is mainly controlled by norepinephrine, which is released from sympathetic nervous system in response to cold or dietary stimuli. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for the process whereby chemical energy is converted into heat in these adipocytes. Activation of these adipocytes leads to an increase in calorie consumption and is expected to improve overweight conditions, providing a potential strategy for treating obesity and its related metabolic disorders.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Lipotes vexillifer (Yangtze River dolphin) [GN:
lve ]
Gene
103074465 ADRB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143 ]
103089051 GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas-like [KO:K04632 ]
103075978 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 [KO:K05870 ]
103086171 CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
103085711 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
103087008 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
103091030 CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
103071696 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
103081811 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
103068645 UCP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 [KO:K08769 ]
103080451 SMARCA2; probable global transcription activator SNF2L2-like isoform X1 [KO:K11647 ] [EC:5.6.2.-]
103072102 SMARCB1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11648 ]
103077190 SMARCD2; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 [KO:K11650 ]
103088170 SMARCD1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11650 ]
103081289 SMARCD3; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 3 isoform X1 [KO:K11650 ]
103084730 SMARCE1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11651 ]
103090931 ARID1A; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A [KO:K11653 ]
103085772 ARID1B; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B [KO:K11653 ]
103085722 PPARG; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08530 ]
103073461 PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202 ]
103089070 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
103089470 PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199 ]
103085288 PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199 ]
103079524 PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07200 ]
103079471 PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200 ]
103079195 PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200 ]
103079766 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364 ]
103088660 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
103086163 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
103073569 NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03934 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103084921 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103072944 NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103084967 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
103090037 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
103087074 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
103085530 NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103068684 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103069803 NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03942 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
103082014 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03944 ]
103091475 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945 ]
103078685 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
103085823 NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
103072179 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
103071324 NDUFA4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03948 ]
103083475 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5-like isoform X1 [KO:K03949 ]
103071560 NDUFA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
103070385 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
103091533 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
103076341 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
103079926 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
103078571 NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
103072085 NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 isoform X1 [KO:K11352 ]
103073963 NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
103078980 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
103076071 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
103072640 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
103082087 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03961 ]
103078335 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6-like [KO:K03962 ]
103084259 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962 ]
103070606 NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963 ]
103086990 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03964 ]
103086643 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K03965 ]
103090568 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
103086989 NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K11351 ]
103070556 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
103069843 NDUFAF1; complex I intermediate-associated protein 30, mitochondrial [KO:K18159 ]
103069683 NDUFAF3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09008 ]
103077677 NDUFAF4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 4 [KO:K18161 ]
103086707 NDUFAF5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K18162 ] [EC:2.1.1.-]
103088279 NDUFAF6; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex I, assembly factor 6 [KO:K18163 ]
103084452 NDUFAF7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] complex I, assembly factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K18164 ]
103090475 SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
103078950 SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
103086971 SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236 ]
103087853 SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237 ]
103089566 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00414 ]
103072340 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00415 ]
103080944 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00416 ]
103090168 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00416 ]
103086428 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263 ]
103081720 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263 ]
103072782 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270 ]
103071977 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K02271 ]
103080698 cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX16 homolog, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K18182 ]
103088683 mitochondrial inner membrane protein COX18-like isoform X1 [KO:K17797 ]
103071531 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3 homolog, mitochondrial-like [KO:K18175 ]
103074474 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3 homolog, mitochondrial-like [KO:K18175 ]
103069603 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 4 homolog, mitochondrial-like [KO:K18177 ]
103074667 cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 6 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K18179 ]
103073988 ATP5A1; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02132 ]
103087229 ATP5C1; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136 ]
103070520 ATP5F1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127 ]
103091253 ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02128 ]
103074026 ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02128 ]
103089849 ATP5G3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
103079342 ATP5G1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128 ]
103083487 ATP5H; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02138 ]
103088939 ATP5J; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02131 ]
103091513 SLC25A20; mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein [KO:K15109 ]
Compound
Reference
Authors
Inagaki T, Sakai J, Kajimura S
Title
Transcriptional and epigenetic control of brown and beige adipose cell fate and function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harms M, Seale P
Title
Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Boon MR, Kooijman S, van Dam AD, Pelgrom LR, Berbee JF, Visseren CA, van Aggele RC, van den Hoek AM, Sips HC, Lombes M, Havekes LM, Tamsma JT, Guigas B, Meijer OC, Jukema JW, Rensen PC
Title
Peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor blockade activates brown adipose tissue and diminishes dyslipidemia and obesity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Merlin J, Evans BA, Dehvari N, Sato M, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS
Title
Could burning fat start with a brite spark? Pharmacological and nutritional ways to promote thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
van Dam AD, Kooijman S, Schilperoort M, Rensen PC, Boon MR
Title
Regulation of brown fat by AMP-activated protein kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kooijman S, van den Heuvel JK, Rensen PC
Title
Neuronal Control of Brown Fat Activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Contreras C, Nogueiras R, Dieguez C, Rahmouni K, Lopez M
Title
Traveling from the hypothalamus to the adipose tissue: The thermogenic pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fruhbeck G, Mendez-Gimenez L, Fernandez-Formoso JA, Fernandez S, Rodriguez A
Title
Regulation of adipocyte lipolysis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tansey JT, Sztalryd C, Hlavin EM, Kimmel AR, Londos C
Title
The central role of perilipin a in lipid metabolism and adipocyte lipolysis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Collins S, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Wang H
Title
Positive and negative control of Ucp1 gene transcription and the role of beta-adrenergic signaling networks.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Robidoux J, Cao W, Quan H, Daniel KW, Moukdar F, Bai X, Floering LM, Collins S
Title
Selective activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 and p38alpha MAP kinase is essential for cyclic AMP-dependent UCP1 expression in adipocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hattori K, Naguro I, Okabe K, Funatsu T, Furutani S, Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
ASK1 signalling regulates brown and beige adipocyte function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Abe Y, Rozqie R, Matsumura Y, Kawamura T, Nakaki R, Tsurutani Y, Tanimura-Inagaki K, Shiono A, Magoori K, Nakamura K, Ogi S, Kajimura S, Kimura H, Tanaka T, Fukami K, Osborne TF, Kodama T, Aburatani H, Inagaki T, Sakai J
Title
JMJD1A is a signal-sensing scaffold that regulates acute chromatin dynamics via SWI/SNF association for thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dempersmier J, Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Paul SM, Hudak CS, Raposo HF, Kwan HY, Kang C, Wong RH, Sul HS
Title
Cold-inducible Zfp516 activates UCP1 transcription to promote browning of white fat and development of brown fat.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Dempersmier J, Tharp KM, Stahl A, Paul SM, Sul HS
Title
LSD1 Interacts with Zfp516 to Promote UCP1 Transcription and Brown Fat Program.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Villarroya F, Peyrou M, Giralt M
Title
Transcriptional regulation of the uncoupling protein-1 gene.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cao W, Daniel KW, Robidoux J, Puigserver P, Medvedev AV, Bai X, Floering LM, Spiegelman BM, Collins S
Title
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is the central regulator of cyclic AMP-dependent transcription of the brown fat uncoupling protein 1 gene.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hondares E, Iglesias R, Giralt A, Gonzalez FJ, Giralt M, Mampel T, Villarroya F
Title
Thermogenic activation induces FGF21 expression and release in brown adipose tissue.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yao L, Cui X, Chen Q, Yang X, Fang F, Zhang J, Liu G, Jin W, Chang Y
Title
Cold-Inducible SIRT6 Regulates Thermogenesis of Brown and Beige Fat.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Klingenberg M
Title
UCP1 - A sophisticated energy valve.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bertholet AM, Kirichok Y
Title
UCP1: A transporter for H(+) and fatty acid anions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Betz MJ, Enerback S
Title
Targeting thermogenesis in brown fat and muscle to treat obesity and metabolic disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tseng YH, Cypess AM, Kahn CR
Title
Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fenzl A, Kiefer FW
Title
Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Minard AY, Tan SX, Yang P, Fazakerley DJ, Domanova W, Parker BL, Humphrey SJ, Jothi R, Stockli J, James DE
Title
mTORC1 Is a Major Regulatory Node in the FGF21 Signaling Network in Adipocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fisher FM, Kleiner S, Douris N, Fox EC, Mepani RJ, Verdeguer F, Wu J, Kharitonenkov A, Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E, Spiegelman BM
Title
FGF21 regulates PGC-1alpha and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zois NE, Bartels ED, Hunter I, Kousholt BS, Olsen LH, Goetze JP
Title
Natriuretic peptides in cardiometabolic regulation and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Indiveri C, Iacobazzi V, Tonazzi A, Giangregorio N, Infantino V, Convertini P, Console L, Palmieri F
Title
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: function, structure and physiopathology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McCoin CS, Knotts TA, Adams SH
Title
Acylcarnitines--old actors auditioning for new roles in metabolic physiology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohtomo T, Ino K, Miyashita R, Chigira M, Nakamura M, Someya K, Inaba N, Fujita M, Takagi M, Yamada J
Title
Chronic high-fat feeding impairs adaptive induction of mitochondrial fatty acid combustion-associated proteins in brown adipose tissue of mice.
Journal
Related pathway
lve04923 Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes
KO pathway
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