Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Suncus etruscus (white-toothed pygmy shrew)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Suncus etruscus (white-toothed pygmy shrew) [GN:
setr ]
Gene
125995000 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
125996372 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
125997105 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
125997441 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
125997675 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
125997972 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
125998121 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
125998223 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
125998722 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 [KO:K12470 ]
125999149 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
126000819 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
126002033 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
126006190 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
126006404 PSD3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12494 ]
126006839 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
126008843 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
126009222 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
126009540 CHMP5; charged multivesicular body protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12198 ]
126009670 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
126010798 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
126010932 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12489 ]
126011000 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
126011023 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
126011024 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
126011226 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 [KO:K12474 ]
126011308 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
126011944 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
126012128 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
126013132 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
126013696 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
126013930 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
126014415 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
126015679 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
126016239 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
126017641 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 [KO:K12493 ]
126017931 VPS37C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
126018127 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K18439 ]
126019164 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
126019518 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
126020346 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
126020550 CHMP4C; charged multivesicular body protein 4c isoform X1 [KO:K24782 ]
126020586 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
126022214 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
126022327 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
126024064 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488 ]
126024607 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
126027252 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
126027396 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
126027420 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
126027948 ARAP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12490 ]
126029417 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
126030448 ARPC1B; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B isoform X1 [KO:K05757 ]
126031081 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
126031098 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 [KO:K18467 ]
126031263 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
126032424 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
126033528 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
126033784 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
126033802 PSD; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
setr04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
setr04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
setr04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway