KEGG   PATHWAY: aml04371
Entry
aml04371                    Pathway                                
Name
Apelin signaling pathway - Ailuropoda melanoleuca (giant panda)
Description
Apelin is an endogenous peptide capable of binding the apelin receptor (APJ), which was originally described as an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Apelin and APJ are widely expressed in various tissues and organ systems. They are implicated in different key physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cardiovascular functions, cell proliferation and energy metabolism regulation. On the other hand, this ligand receptor couple is also involved in several pathologies including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
aml04371  Apelin signaling pathway
aml04371

Other DBs
GO: 0060183
Organism
Ailuropoda melanoleuca (giant panda) [GN:aml]
Gene
100463656  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
100463860  NOTCH3; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K20995]
100464196  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
100464632  MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X3 [KO:K04454]
100464853  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
100464998  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100465063  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04501]
100465232  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100465351  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
100465529  MEF2A; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A isoform X1 [KO:K09260]
100465700  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100465793  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100466054  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
100466408  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
100466591  CCN2; CCN family member 2 [KO:K06827]
100466965  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100467069  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
100467117  ADCY10; adenylate cyclase type 10 isoform X1 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100467161  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X8 [KO:K04958]
100467255  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
100467568  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
100468087  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100468143  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
100468197  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
100468249  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
100468252  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100468657  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
100468763  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100468881  [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100468967  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100469244  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100469610  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
100469628  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100469787  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X1 [KO:K04503]
100470035  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100470060  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100470115  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100470119  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
100470322  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100470496  ACTA2; actin, aortic smooth muscle [KO:K12313]
100470892  MEF2D; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D isoform X1 [KO:K09262]
100470909  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
100471044  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1 [KO:K04961]
100471122  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100471164  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X2 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100471220  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
100471439  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [KO:K07202]
100471622  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
100471747  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
100471755  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X2 [KO:K05849]
100471767  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
100471928  PLAT; tissue-type plasminogen activator [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
100471940  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100472122  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
100472388  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100472777  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100473015  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100473195  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100473453  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100473538  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K08334]
100473787  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100473836  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100474031  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
100474121  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100474254  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100474482  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
100474541  [KO:K05849]
100474747  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
100474779  PLCB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100474825  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
100474892  PLIN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: perilipin-1 [KO:K08768]
100475057  RPS6; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
100475266  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 isoform X4 [KO:K12750]
100475394  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
100475485  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07825]
100475539  SPP1; osteopontin isoform X2 [KO:K06250]
100475573  CDH1; cadherin-1 [KO:K05689]
100475635  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
100475698  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100475764  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07199]
100476068  APLNR; apelin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04174]
100476214  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
100476463  APLN; apelin [KO:K05225]
100476495  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100476550  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
100476576  RYR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
100476922  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X2 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100476938  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
100477067  PIK3R5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290]
100477221  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
100477225  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04347]
100477324  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K21290]
100477530  NRF1; nuclear respiratory factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11831]
100477810  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
100477888  ITPR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
100478039  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100478591  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
100478600  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
100478707  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
100478732  CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
100479304  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
100479407  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
100479452  TFAM; transcription factor A, mitochondrial [KO:K11830]
100479541  [KO:K09261]
100479605  LIPE; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
100479696  UCP1; mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08769]
100480040  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
100480315  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
100480414  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100480603  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100481177  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
100481196  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
100481263  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X5 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
100481376  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100481755  PLCB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100482029  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
100482255  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100482519  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100482771  PDE3B; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B isoform X2 [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
100483125  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
100483196  EGR1; early growth response protein 1 [KO:K09203]
100483209  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
100483472  SERPINE1; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K03982]
100483724  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
100483919  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
100483990  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase, endothelial isoform X2 [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100484167  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
100484519  [KO:K02183]
100484553  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
100484642  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100484770  [KO:K02183]
100484786  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100484933  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
105235280  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
105236417  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
105236905  [KO:K04545]
105237277  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
105240970  [KO:K05689]
105241146  APELA; apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [KO:K25355]
117799519  [KO:K12749]
117799706  [KO:K02183]
117803533  [KO:K10435]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00290  Fibrin
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:26143239
  Authors
Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP
  Title
Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 36:560-7 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.002
Reference
PMID:22140623
  Authors
Andersen CU, Hilberg O, Mellemkjaer S, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Simonsen U
  Title
Apelin and pulmonary hypertension.
  Journal
Pulm Circ 1:334-46 (2011)
DOI:10.4103/2045-8932.87299
Reference
PMID:25275559
  Authors
Chapman NA, Dupre DJ, Rainey JK
  Title
The apelin receptor: physiology, pathology, cell signalling, and ligand modulation of a peptide-activated class A GPCR.
  Journal
Biochem Cell Biol 92:431-40 (2014)
DOI:10.1139/bcb-2014-0072
Reference
PMID:18272138
  Authors
Japp AG, Newby DE
  Title
The apelin-APJ system in heart failure: pathophysiologic relevance and therapeutic potential.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:1882-92 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.12.015
Reference
PMID:25652330
  Authors
Folino A, Montarolo PG, Samaja M, Rastaldo R
  Title
Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Heart Fail Rev 20:505-18 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s10741-015-9475-x
Reference
PMID:23943882
  Authors
O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, Pope GR
  Title
The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis.
  Journal
J Endocrinol 219:R13-35 (2013)
DOI:10.1530/JOE-13-0227
Reference
PMID:23973488
  Authors
Liu QF, Yu HW, You L, Liu MX, Li KY, Tao GZ
  Title
Apelin-13-induced proliferation and migration induced of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by the upregulation of Egr-1.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 439:235-40 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.051
Reference
PMID:26254105
  Authors
Novakova V, Sandhu GS, Dragomir-Daescu D, Klabusay M
  Title
Apelinergic system in endothelial cells and its role in angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
  Journal
Vascul Pharmacol 76:1-10 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2015.08.005
Reference
PMID:21725702
  Authors
Castan-Laurell I, Dray C, Attane C, Duparc T, Knauf C, Valet P
  Title
Apelin, diabetes, and obesity.
  Journal
Endocrine 40:1-9 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s12020-011-9507-9
Reference
PMID:23924696
  Authors
Li L, Li L, Xie F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Tang G, Lv D, Lu Q, Chen L, Li J
  Title
Jagged-1/Notch3 signaling transduction pathway is involved in apelin-13-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 45:875-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmt085
Reference
PMID:24990699
  Authors
Wu D, He L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: a promising therapy target for hypertension.
  Journal
Mol Biol Rep 41:6691-703 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3552-4
Reference
PMID:20539939
  Authors
Liu C, Su T, Li F, Li L, Qin X, Pan W, Feng F, Chen F, Liao D, Chen L
  Title
PI3K/Akt signaling transduction pathway is involved in rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by apelin-13.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 42:396-402 (2010)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmq035
Reference
PMID:26607438
  Authors
Xie F, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, He L, Lv D, Qin X, Li L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin-13 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-Akt-ERK1/2-p70S6K and PI3K-induced autophagy.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 47:969-80 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmv111
Reference
PMID:27979574
  Authors
Lu L, Wu D, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: A bifunctional target for cardiac hypertrophy.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 230:164-170 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.215
Reference
PMID:16182514
  Authors
Carmen GY, Victor SM
  Title
Signalling mechanisms regulating lipolysis.
  Journal
Cell Signal 18:401-8 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.08.009
Reference
PMID:27650065
  Authors
Hu H, He L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system as a therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications.
  Journal
Mol Genet Metab 119:20-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.012
Reference
PMID:25914650
  Authors
Bertrand C, Valet P, Castan-Laurell I
  Title
Apelin and energy metabolism.
  Journal
Front Physiol 6:115 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2015.00115
Reference
PMID:26385179
  Authors
Yao F, Lv YC, Zhang M, Xie W, Tan YL, Gong D, Cheng HP, Liu D, Li L, Liu XY, Zheng XL, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin-13 impedes foam cell formation by activating Class III PI3K/Beclin-1-mediated autophagic pathway.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 466:637-43 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.045
Reference
PMID:22842084
  Authors
Than A, Cheng Y, Foh LC, Leow MK, Lim SC, Chuah YJ, Kang Y, Chen P
  Title
Apelin inhibits adipogenesis and lipolysis through distinct molecular pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 362:227-41 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2012.07.002
Reference
PMID:24055369
  Authors
Yu XH, Tang ZB, Liu LJ, Qian H, Tang SL, Zhang DW, Tian GP, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 428:1-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.001
Reference
PMID:25931124
  Authors
Than A, He HL, Chua SH, Xu D, Sun L, Leow MK, Chen P
  Title
Apelin Enhances Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipocytes.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 290:14679-91 (2015)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M115.643817
Reference
PMID:25139773
  Authors
Fu J, Li Z, Zhang H, Mao Y, Wang A, Wang X, Zou Z, Zhang X
  Title
Molecular pathways regulating the formation of brown-like adipocytes in white adipose tissue.
  Journal
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 31:433-52 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.2600
Reference
PMID:21464822
  Authors
Aharoni-Simon M, Hann-Obercyger M, Pen S, Madar Z, Tirosh O
  Title
Fatty liver is associated with impaired activity of PPARgamma-coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice.
  Journal
Lab Invest 91:1018-28 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2011.55
Reference
PMID:22995518
  Authors
McLean DL, Kim J, Kang Y, Shi H, Atkins GB, Jain MK, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin/APJ signaling is a critical regulator of statin effects in vascular endothelial cells--brief report.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:2640-3 (2012)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300317
Reference
PMID:22028387
  Authors
Pchejetski D, Foussal C, Alfarano C, Lairez O, Calise D, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Schaak S, Seguelas MH, Wanecq E, Valet P, Parini A, Kunduzova O
  Title
Apelin prevents cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen production through inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1.
  Journal
Eur Heart J 33:2360-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr389
Reference
PMID:26944568
  Authors
Huang S, Chen L, Lu L, Li L
  Title
The apelin-APJ axis: A novel potential therapeutic target for organ fibrosis.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 456:81-8 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.025
Reference
PMID:19093215
  Authors
Liu G, Han J, Profirovic J, Strekalova E, Voyno-Yasenetskaya TA
  Title
Galpha13 regulates MEF2-dependent gene transcription in endothelial cells: role in angiogenesis.
  Journal
Angiogenesis 12:1-15 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s10456-008-9123-3
Reference
PMID:23603510
  Authors
Kang Y, Kim J, Anderson JP, Wu J, Gleim SR, Kundu RK, McLean DL, Kim JD, Park H, Jin SW, Hwa J, Quertermous T, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin-APJ signaling is a critical regulator of endothelial MEF2 activation in cardiovascular development.
  Journal
Circ Res 113:22-31 (2013)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301324
Reference
PMID:25164121
  Authors
Wang LY, Diao ZL, Zhang DL, Zheng JF, Zhang QD, Ding JX, Liu WH
  Title
The regulatory peptide apelin: a novel inhibitor of renal interstitial fibrosis.
  Journal
Amino Acids 46:2693-704 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s00726-014-1826-8
Reference
PMID:26756969
  Authors
Zhou Y, Deng L, Zhao D, Chen L, Yao Z, Guo X, Liu X, Lv L, Leng B, Xu W, Qiao G, Shan H
  Title
MicroRNA-503 promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Apelin-13.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 20:495-505 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/jcmm.12754
Reference
PMID:27825851
  Authors
Zhong JC, Zhang ZZ, Wang W, McKinnie SM, Vederas JC, Oudit GY
  Title
Targeting the apelin pathway as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1863:1942-1950 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.007
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ko04371   

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