Entry
Name
Autophagy - animal - Amphiprion ocellaris (clown anemonefish)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Amphiprion ocellaris (clown anemonefish) [GN:
aoce ]
Gene
111562580 c9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange factor C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609 ]
111562910 atg7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337 ]
111563087 map1lc3c; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C isoform X1 [KO:K10435 ]
111564603 eif2s1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237 ]
111565029 atg4b; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342 ] [EC:3.4.22.-]
111565608 wdfy3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X4 [KO:K22262 ]
111565807 si:ch73-234b20.5; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512 ]
111565916 supt20; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245 ]
111566758 pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
111566849 pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
111567444 rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X2 [KO:K07204 ]
111568461 zgc:101559; ras-related protein Rab-33B-like isoform X1 [KO:K07920 ]
111568877 gabarapl2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341 ]
111568922 map1lc3a; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
111568932 zgc:92606; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341 ]
111569665 itpr1b; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
111569702 pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
111570032 vps41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K20184 ]
111570096 lamp2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528 ]
111570810 vamp8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08512 ]
111571112 atg14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889 ]
111572712 vps11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179 ]
111573373 pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
111573654 prkacaa; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, alpha, genome duplicate a isoform X1 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
111573970 si:dkeyp-97e7.9; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402 ]
111574035 si:ch211-260e23.9; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247 ]
111574228 zfyve1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603 ]
111574517 si:ch211-11n16.2; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603 ]
111574739 vps18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181 ]
111575755 tank; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650 ]
111576263 uvrag; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249 ]
111577816 wdr45b; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991 ]
111577890 epas1a; endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08268 ]
111578061 ambra1b; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1B [KO:K17985 ]
111580036 hif1al; hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha, like [KO:K08268 ]
111580374 vps33a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182 ]
111582380 pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
111583947 ppp2cab; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
111584456 vps16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180 ]
111585315 wipi2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908 ]
111586024 zgc:158659; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
111587054 map1lc3cl; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435 ]
111587458 plekhm1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282 ]
111587795 epg5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883 ]
111587836 zgc:73226; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464 ]
111588303 calcoco2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348 ]
111588854 tax1bp1b; tax1-binding protein 1 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K21347 ]
118469251 map1lc3b; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Deretic V.
Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
Journal
Reference
Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
Journal
Related pathway
aoce04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway