Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Hyaena hyaena (striped hyena)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Hyaena hyaena (striped hyena) [GN:
hhv ]
Gene
120235957 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
120242008 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
120229672 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
120241965 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
120245947 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
120239184 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
120231848 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
120231303 ARPC4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05755 ]
120236302 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
120232594 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin [KO:K09526 ]
120229791 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
120245140 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
120232498 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
120246316 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
120238075 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
120228160 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
120221823 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
120246513 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12184 ]
120239317 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
120245267 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
120246190 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
120248095 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
120234292 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
120248411 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
120242794 CHMP4B; charged multivesicular body protein 4b isoform X1 [KO:K12194 ]
120225449 CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b isoform X1 [KO:K12192 ]
120223319 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
120245031 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
120223562 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199 ]
120246258 programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
120223340 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
120241202 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
120246070 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
120226363 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120221878 DLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A9/A9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120221918 BOLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain BL3-7-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120222660 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120246893 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
120232478 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
120245684 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
120241271 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
120238657 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
120248517 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
120245333 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
120224644 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
120231260 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
120240930 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
120247872 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
120232401 ASAP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
120240871 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12488 ]
120231132 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
120230678 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
120231394 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
120242531 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
120245108 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
120224774 arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
120228567 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
120234355 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
120229524 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
120230911 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
120248023 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
120234964 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
120234156 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
120228416 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
120234007 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
120231560 PSD4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
120234447 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495 ]
120222961 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12495 ]
120242712 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
120230408 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
120241673 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
120239580 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
hhv04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hhv04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
hhv04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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