KEGG   PATHWAY: dnm04610
Entry
dnm04610                    Pathway                                
Name
Complement and coagulation cascades - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description
The complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation: the classical pathway, the lectin pathway, and the alternative pathway. All of these pathways generate a crucial enzymatic activity that, in turn, generates the effector molecules of complement. The main consequences of complement activation are the opsonization of pathogens, the recruitment of inflammatory and immunocompetent cells, and the direct killing of pathogens. Blood coagulation is another series of proenzyme-to-serine protease conversions, culminating the formation of thrombin, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of soluble fibrinogen to the insoluble fibrin clot. Protease-activated receptors, such as those activated by thrombin, are members of G protein-coupled receptors and function as a mediator of innate immunity. The kallikrein-kinin system is an endogenous metabolic cascade, triggering of which results in the release of vasoactive kinins (bradykinin-related peptides). Kinin peptides are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes including the regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis, inflammatory processes, and the cardioprotective effects of preconditioning.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
dnm04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
dnm04610

Organism
Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:dnm]
Gene
101441674  F7; coagulation factor VII isoform X1 [KO:K01320] [EC:3.4.21.21]
101418684  F3; tissue factor [KO:K03901]
101431380  F12; coagulation factor XII isoform X1 [KO:K01328] [EC:3.4.21.38]
101436686  F11; coagulation factor XI [KO:K01323] [EC:3.4.21.27]
101418669  F9; coagulation factor IX [KO:K01321] [EC:3.4.21.22]
100913180  VWF; von Willebrand factor precursor [KO:K03900]
101425099  F8; coagulation factor VIII [KO:K03899]
101443567  F10; coagulation factor X [KO:K01314] [EC:3.4.21.6]
101446838  F5; coagulation factor V isoform X1 [KO:K03902]
101420795  F2; prothrombin [KO:K01313] [EC:3.4.21.5]
101437871  FGA; fibrinogen alpha chain [KO:K03903]
101437155  FGB; fibrinogen beta chain isoform X2 [KO:K03904]
101438309  FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain isoform X1 [KO:K03905]
101447247  coagulation factor XIII A chain [KO:K03917] [EC:2.3.2.13]
101426560  F13B; coagulation factor XIII B chain isoform X2 [KO:K03906]
101431151  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 [KO:K03914]
101430708  F2RL2; proteinase-activated receptor 3 [KO:K04235]
101429506  F2RL3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: proteinase-activated receptor 4 [KO:K04236]
101429335  CPB2; carboxypeptidase B2 isoform X1 [KO:K01300] [EC:3.4.17.20]
101429348  THBD; thrombomodulin [KO:K03907]
101426077  PROCR; endothelial protein C receptor [KO:K06557]
101442762  PROC; vitamin K-dependent protein C [KO:K01344] [EC:3.4.21.69]
101426281  PROS1; vitamin K-dependent protein S [KO:K03908]
101444311  SERPINE1; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [KO:K03982]
101430122  plasminogen activator inhibitor 2-like [KO:K19821]
101440399  plasma serine protease inhibitor [KO:K03913]
101423276  SERPINE2; glia-derived nexin [KO:K16643]
101447904  PLAT; tissue-type plasminogen activator [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
101426381  PLAU; urokinase-type plasminogen activator isoform X1 [KO:K01348] [EC:3.4.21.73]
101433735  PLAUR; urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor isoform X2 [KO:K03985]
101433356  PLG; plasminogen isoform X1 [KO:K01315] [EC:3.4.21.7]
101423717  KLKB1; plasma kallikrein isoform X3 [KO:K01324] [EC:3.4.21.34]
101447220  KNG1; kininogen-1 isoform X1 [KO:K03898]
101438023  BDKRB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: B1 bradykinin receptor [KO:K03915]
101438470  BDKRB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: B2 bradykinin receptor [KO:K03916]
101445919  TFPI; tissue factor pathway inhibitor [KO:K03909]
101425400  alpha-1-antiproteinase-like [KO:K03984]
101423372  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: alpha-1-antiproteinase 2 [KO:K03984]
101423918  alpha-1-antitrypsin-like [KO:K03984]
101434242  SERPINC1; antithrombin-III [KO:K03911]
101419257  SERPIND1; heparin cofactor 2 [KO:K03912]
101437808  SERPING1; plasma protease C1 inhibitor [KO:K04001]
101443563  SERPINF2; alpha-2-antiplasmin [KO:K03983]
101436649  A2M; alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform X1 [KO:K03910]
105747084  C1QA; complement C1q subcomponent subunit A [KO:K03986]
101437063  C1QB; complement C1q subcomponent subunit B [KO:K03987]
101436644  C1QC; complement C1q subcomponent subunit C [KO:K03988]
101422209  complement C1r subcomponent-like [KO:K01330] [EC:3.4.21.41]
101436067  C1S; complement C1s subcomponent [KO:K01331] [EC:3.4.21.42]
101412928  MBL2; mannose-binding protein C isoform X1 [KO:K03991]
101423661  mannose-binding protein A-like isoform X1 [KO:K03991]
101439403  MASP1; mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03992] [EC:3.4.21.-]
101436761  MASP2; mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03993] [EC:3.4.21.104]
101436657  C4A; complement C4-A [KO:K03989]
101421283  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement C3-like [KO:K03990]
101411049  complement C3-like [KO:K03990]
101435826  complement factor B [KO:K01335] [EC:3.4.21.47]
101427838  C5; complement C5 [KO:K03994]
101412534  C6; complement component C6 isoform X1 [KO:K03995]
101411656  C7; complement component C7 [KO:K03996]
101424071  C8A; complement component C8 alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K03997]
101423648  C8B; complement component C8 beta chain [KO:K03998]
101447046  C9; complement component C9 [KO:K04000]
101447805  C3AR1; C3a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor [KO:K04009]
101425014  VSIG4; V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 4 [KO:K19822]
101430310  complement receptor type 1 [KO:K04011]
101432429  ITGAM; integrin alpha-M [KO:K06461]
101436037  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: integrin beta-2 [KO:K06464]
101415568  ITGAX; integrin alpha-X [KO:K06462]
101413068  C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1 [KO:K04010]
101423535  C4BPA; C4b-binding protein alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K04002]
101437797  C4BPB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: C4b-binding protein beta chain [KO:K04003]
101446071  CFI; complement factor I [KO:K01333] [EC:3.4.21.45]
101430062  complement factor H [KO:K04004]
101420575  complement factor H-like [KO:K04004]
101431379  complement factor H-like isoform X1 [KO:K04004]
101424440  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement factor H-like [KO:K04004]
101431910  CD46; membrane cofactor protein isoform X1 [KO:K04007]
105745149  membrane cofactor protein-like [KO:K04007]
101426939  CD55; complement decay-accelerating factor isoform X1 [KO:K04006]
105744461  complement factor H-related protein 1-like [KO:K23815]
101429183  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement factor H-related protein 2 [KO:K23815]
101427283  CFHR2; complement factor H-related protein 2 [KO:K23815]
101436570  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement factor H-related protein 3-like [KO:K23815]
101434872  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: complement factor H-related protein 5 [KO:K23817]
101441801  VTN; vitronectin [KO:K06251]
Compound
C00290  Fibrin
C00306  Bradykinin
C00471  Plasmin
C00752  Thrombin
C01065  Coagulation factor Xa
C01715  Plasma kallikrein
C02002  C3a anaphylatoxin
C03259  Coagulation factor IXa
C03262  Coagulation factor XIa
C03378  Coagulation factor VIIa
C03379  Coagulation factor XIIa
C03780  Coagulation factor Va
C04001  Coagulation factor VIIIa
C16510  C5a anaphylatoxin
C22531  Complement component 2a
C22532  Complement component 2b
C22533  Complement component 3b
C22534  Complement component 3f
C22535  Complement iC3b
C22536  Complement component 3dg
C22537  Complement component 3c
C22538  Complement component 3d
C22539  Complement C3(H2O)
C22540  Complement factor Bb
C22541  Complement component 4a
C22542  Complement component 4b
C22543  Complement component 4c
C22544  Complement component 4d
C22545  Complement component 5b
C22546  Coagulation factor XIIIa
C22547  APC
Reference
  Authors
Bajic G, Degn SE, Thiel S, Andersen GR
  Title
Complement activation, regulation, and molecular basis for complement-related diseases.
  Journal
EMBO J 34:2735-57 (2015)
DOI:10.15252/embj.201591881
Reference
  Authors
Mathern DR, Heeger PS
  Title
Molecules Great and Small: The Complement System.
  Journal
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 10:1636-50 (2015)
DOI:10.2215/CJN.06230614
Reference
  Authors
Merle NS, Church SE, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Roumenina LT
  Title
Complement System Part I - Molecular Mechanisms of Activation and Regulation.
  Journal
Front Immunol 6:262 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00262
Reference
  Authors
Oikonomopoulou K, Ricklin D, Ward PA, Lambris JD
  Title
Interactions between coagulation and complement--their role in inflammation.
  Journal
Semin Immunopathol 34:151-65 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s00281-011-0280-x
Reference
  Authors
Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ
  Title
Complement, thrombotic microangiopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
  Journal
J Intensive Care 2:65 (2014)
DOI:10.1186/s40560-014-0061-4
Reference
  Authors
Hillmeister P, Persson PB
  Title
The Kallikrein-Kinin system.
  Journal
Acta Physiol (Oxf) 206:215-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/apha.12007
Reference
  Authors
Rau JC, Beaulieu LM, Huntington JA, Church FC
  Title
Serpins in thrombosis, hemostasis and fibrinolysis.
  Journal
J Thromb Haemost 5 Suppl 1:102-15 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02516.x
Reference
  Authors
Crooks MG, Hart SP
  Title
Coagulation and anticoagulation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
  Journal
Eur Respir Rev 24:392-9 (2015)
DOI:10.1183/16000617.00008414
Reference
  Authors
Christiaans SC, Wagener BM, Esmon CT, Pittet JF
  Title
Protein C and acute inflammation: a clinical and biological perspective.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 305:L455-66 (2013)
DOI:10.1152/ajplung.00093.2013
Reference
  Authors
Alberelli MA, De Candia E
  Title
Functional role of protease activated receptors in vascular biology.
  Journal
Vascul Pharmacol 62:72-81 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2014.06.001
Reference
  Authors
Smith HW, Marshall CJ
  Title
Regulation of cell signalling by uPAR.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 11:23-36 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2821
Reference
  Authors
Ricklin D, Lambris JD
  Title
Complement in immune and inflammatory disorders: pathophysiological mechanisms.
  Journal
J Immunol 190:3831-8 (2013)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1203487
Reference
  Authors
Ricklin D, Lambris JD
  Title
Complement in immune and inflammatory disorders: therapeutic interventions.
  Journal
J Immunol 190:3839-47 (2013)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1203200
Reference
  Authors
Loof TG, Deicke C, Medina E
  Title
The role of coagulation/fibrinolysis during Streptococcus pyogenes infection.
  Journal
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 4:128 (2014)
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00128
Reference
  Authors
Jozsi M, Tortajada A, Uzonyi B, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Rodriguez de Cordoba S
  Title
Factor H-related proteins determine complement-activating surfaces.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 36:374-84 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2015.04.008
Related
pathway
dnm04611  Platelet activation
dnm04662  B cell receptor signaling pathway
dnm04750  Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels
KO pathway
ko04610   
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