KEGG   PATHWAY: cbai04611
Entry
cbai04611                   Pathway                                
Name
Platelet activation - Camelus bactrianus (Bactrian camel)
Description
Platelets play a key and beneficial role for primary hemostasis on the disruption of the integrity of vessel wall. Platelet adhesion and activation at sites of vascular wall injury is initiated by adhesion to adhesive macromolecules, such as collagen and von Willebrand factor (vWF), or by soluble platelet agonists, such as ADP, thrombin, and thromboxane A2. Different receptors are stimulated by various agonists, almost converging in increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration that stimulate platelet shape change and granule secretion and ultimately induce the "inside-out" signaling process leading to activation of the ligand-binding function of integrin alpha IIb beta 3. Binding of alpha IIb beta 3 to its ligands, mainly fibrinogen, mediates platelet adhesion and aggregation and triggers "outside-in" signaling, resulting in platelet spreading, additional granule secretion, stabilization of platelet adhesion and aggregation, and clot retraction.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
cbai04611  Platelet activation
cbai04611

Other DBs
GO: 0030168
Organism
Camelus bactrianus (Bactrian camel) [GN:cbai]
Gene
105078192  TBXA2R; thromboxane A2 receptor [KO:K04264]
105076458  F2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: prothrombin [KO:K01313] [EC:3.4.21.5]
105064448  F2R; proteinase-activated receptor 1 [KO:K03914]
105082669  F2RL3; proteinase-activated receptor 4 [KO:K04236]
105063934  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
105062465  ARHGEF1; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12330]
105067864  ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 [KO:K07532]
105080261  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
105071393  ROCK1; rho-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105076019  ROCK2; rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105080605  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
105063807  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
105070330  PPP1CA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
105072021  PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270]
105071412  myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 [KO:K12757]
105071413  myosin regulatory light chain 12B [KO:K12757]
105080846  P2RX1; P2X purinoceptor 1 [KO:K05215]
105080629  ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056]
105074761  ITPR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
105062304  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
105064212  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
105083268  STIM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: stromal interaction molecule 1 [KO:K16059]
105081637  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
105079764  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
105073583  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
105065146  MYLK3; myosin light chain kinase 3 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
105066709  P2RY1; P2Y purinoceptor 1 [KO:K04270]
105067298  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
105077045  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105082996  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105082997  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105070632  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105071048  PRKCZ; protein kinase C zeta type [KO:K18952] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105066689  PRKCI; protein kinase C iota type [KO:K06069] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105076883  RASGRP1; RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 [KO:K04350]
105070645  RASGRP2; RAS guanyl-releasing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12361]
105063692  RAP1A; ras-related protein Rap-1A [KO:K04353]
105081341  RAP1B; ras-related protein Rap-1b [KO:K07836]
105079217  amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1-interacting protein-like [KO:K17704]
105080448  TLN2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: talin-2 [KO:K06271]
105067327  TLN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: talin-1 [KO:K06271]
105072547  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb [KO:K06476]
105069802  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
105070626  FERMT3; fermitin family homolog 3 [KO:K17084]
105079732  FGA; fibrinogen alpha chain [KO:K03903]
105079731  FGB; fibrinogen beta chain [KO:K03904]
105079733  FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain isoform X1 [KO:K03905]
105066607  P2RY12; P2Y purinoceptor 12 [KO:K04298]
105080234  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
105062385  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
105063651  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
105080525  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105081234  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105063873  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105068818  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105081635  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105076187  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105074271  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105082946  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105064797  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105062548  PTGIR; prostacyclin receptor [KO:K04263]
105071802  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha [KO:K04632]
105071803  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
105062421  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105077550  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
105077591  PIK3R5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290]
105075498  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105068302  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105062521  VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein [KO:K06274]
105080786  actin, clone 302-like isoform X1 [KO:K05692]
105075564  actin, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K05692]
105077471  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
105077743  actin, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K05692]
105064948  actin, cytoplasmic 1-like [KO:K05692]
105065567  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
105073493  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105062555  ARHGAP35; rho GTPase-activating protein 35 [KO:K05732]
105068024  low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-like isoform X1 [KO:K06472]
105080508  tyrosine-protein kinase SYK-like [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105082901  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236]
105064228  COL1A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(I) chain [KO:K06236]
105072998  COL3A1; collagen alpha-1(III) chain [KO:K19720]
105074493  GP6; platelet glycoprotein VI [KO:K06264]
105069552  FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983]
105081485  LYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105077134  FYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn isoform X1 [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105077825  ITGA2; integrin alpha-2 [KO:K06481]
105072468  ITGB1; integrin beta-1 [KO:K05719]
105063312  PIK3CA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105071167  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105066839  PIK3CB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
105082679  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
105064416  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
105065663  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
105082694  LCP2; lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2 [KO:K07361]
105078942  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105080742  BTK; tyrosine-protein kinase BTK [KO:K07370] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105071114  VWF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: von Willebrand factor [KO:K03900]
105072426  GP5; platelet glycoprotein V [KO:K06260]
105072085  GP1BA; platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain [KO:K06261]
105079975  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105083596  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105062855  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105067010  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase, endothelial [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
105069394  GUCY1A3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105067608  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105069370  GUCY1B3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105066302  guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2-like [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105081869  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
105084003  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
105064175  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105064176  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105070806  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105070807  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105082839  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105069349  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105076930  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105076933  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105077055  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105077056  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105064543  cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105069938  PTGS1; prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 [KO:K00509] [EC:1.14.99.1]
105063030  TBXAS1; thromboxane-A synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01832] [EC:5.3.99.5]
105076940  SNAP23; synaptosomal-associated protein 23 [KO:K08508]
105072102  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08512]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00008  ADP
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00427  Prostaglandin H2
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01312  Prostaglandin I2
C02198  Thromboxane A2
C05956  Prostaglandin G2
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:21071698
  Authors
Li Z, Delaney MK, O'Brien KA, Du X
  Title
Signaling during platelet adhesion and activation.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30:2341-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.207522
Reference
PMID:22119499
  Authors
Broos K, De Meyer SF, Feys HB, Vanhoorelbeke K, Deckmyn H
  Title
Blood platelet biochemistry.
  Journal
Thromb Res 129:245-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.002
Reference
PMID:16149014
  Authors
Jurk K, Kehrel BE
  Title
Platelets: physiology and biochemistry.
  Journal
Semin Thromb Hemost 31:381-92 (2005)
DOI:10.1055/s-2005-916671
Reference
PMID:17158345
  Authors
Offermanns S
  Title
Activation of platelet function through G protein-coupled receptors.
  Journal
Circ Res 99:1293-304 (2006)
DOI:10.1161/01.RES.0000251742.71301.16
Reference
PMID:18174460
  Authors
Varga-Szabo D, Pleines I, Nieswandt B
  Title
Cell adhesion mechanisms in platelets.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 28:403-12 (2008)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.150474
Reference
PMID:18550847
  Authors
Yin H, Liu J, Li Z, Berndt MC, Lowell CA, Du X
  Title
Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn mediates VWF/GPIb-IX-induced platelet activation via the cGMP signaling pathway.
  Journal
Blood 112:1139-46 (2008)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2008-02-140970
Reference
PMID:19630797
  Authors
Bergmeier W, Stefanini L
  Title
Novel molecules in calcium signaling in platelets.
  Journal
J Thromb Haemost 7 Suppl 1:187-90 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03379.x
Reference
PMID:18544684
  Authors
Cifuni SM, Wagner DD, Bergmeier W
  Title
CalDAG-GEFI and protein kinase C represent alternative pathways leading to activation of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 in platelets.
  Journal
Blood 112:1696-703 (2008)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2008-02-139733
Reference
PMID:23106920
  Authors
Heemskerk JW, Mattheij NJ, Cosemans JM
  Title
Platelet-based coagulation: different populations, different functions.
  Journal
J Thromb Haemost 11:2-16 (2013)
DOI:10.1111/jth.12045
Reference
PMID:19286885
  Authors
Rivera J, Lozano ML, Navarro-Nunez L, Vicente V
  Title
Platelet receptors and signaling in the dynamics of thrombus formation.
  Journal
Haematologica 94:700-11 (2009)
DOI:10.3324/haematol.2008.003178
Reference
PMID:18363565
  Authors
Banno A, Ginsberg MH
  Title
Integrin activation.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 36:229-34 (2008)
DOI:10.1042/BST0360229
Reference
PMID:20089227
  Authors
Angiolillo DJ, Ferreiro JL
  Title
Platelet adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor antagonism: benefits and limitations of current treatment strategies and future directions.
  Journal
Rev Esp Cardiol 63:60-76 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/s1885-5857(10)70010-4
Reference
PMID:22701130
  Authors
Joo SJ
  Title
Mechanisms of Platelet Activation and Integrin alphaIIbeta3.
  Journal
Korean Circ J 42:295-301 (2012)
DOI:10.4070/kcj.2012.42.5.295
Reference
PMID:20002545
  Authors
Harper MT, Poole AW
  Title
Diverse functions of protein kinase C isoforms in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
  Journal
J Thromb Haemost 8:454-62 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03722.x
Reference
PMID:23805129
  Authors
Fitch-Tewfik JL, Flaumenhaft R
  Title
Platelet granule exocytosis: a comparison with chromaffin cells.
  Journal
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 4:77 (2013)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2013.00077
Reference
PMID:18641368
  Authors
Boylan B, Gao C, Rathore V, Gill JC, Newman DK, Newman PJ
  Title
Identification of FcgammaRIIa as the ITAM-bearing receptor mediating alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in integrin signaling in human platelets.
  Journal
Blood 112:2780-6 (2008)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2008-02-142125
Related
pathway
cbai00590  Arachidonic acid metabolism
cbai04015  Rap1 signaling pathway
cbai04020  Calcium signaling pathway
cbai04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
cbai04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
cbai05211  Renal cell carcinoma
KO pathway
ko04611   
LinkDB

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