KEGG   PATHWAY: xla04371
Entry
xla04371                    Pathway                                
Name
Apelin signaling pathway - Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
Description
Apelin is an endogenous peptide capable of binding the apelin receptor (APJ), which was originally described as an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Apelin and APJ are widely expressed in various tissues and organ systems. They are implicated in different key physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cardiovascular functions, cell proliferation and energy metabolism regulation. On the other hand, this ligand receptor couple is also involved in several pathologies including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
xla04371  Apelin signaling pathway
xla04371

Other DBs
GO: 0060183
Organism
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) [GN:xla]
Gene
108718988  adcy1.L; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108705348  adcy1.S; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108717252  adcy3.L; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108718304  adenylate cyclase type 3-like [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108707036  adenylate cyclase type 4-like [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108715027  adcy4.L; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108702898  adcy5.S; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108701255  adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X2 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108708542  adcy6.L; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
414728  adcy6.S; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
399055  adcy7.L; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
414729  adcy8.S; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108719413  adcy8.L; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
378610  adcy9.L; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
108703189  adcy9.S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 9-like [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
380388  prkacb.S; protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta S homeolog [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100101276  prkaca.S; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, alpha catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
108714187  prkacb.L; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
108711677  prkaca.L; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, alpha catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100174796  lipe.L; lipase, hormone-sensitive L homeolog [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
108697769  lipe.S; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X3 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
100037249  apln.L; apelin L homeolog precursor [KO:K05225]
100037057  apln.S; apelin S homeolog precursor [KO:K05225]
108704959  apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [KO:K25355]
108706639  apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [KO:K25355]
379537  aplnr.S; apelin receptor B [KO:K04174]
399306  aplnr.L; apelin receptor A [KO:K04174]
379236  gnai3.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
380034  gnai1.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
399463  gnai1.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
779438  gnai2.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2 S homeolog [KO:K04630]
108714595  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
399330  gnb1.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
108696545  gnb1.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1-like [KO:K04536]
380144  gnb3.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 3 L homeolog [KO:K07825]
380378  gnb3.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 3 S homeolog [KO:K07825]
495335  gnb4.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 4 S homeolog [KO:K04538]
444570  gnb4.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 4 L homeolog [KO:K04538]
108712921  gnb5.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
108711385  guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
447147  gng2.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 2 L homeolog [KO:K07826]
108700477  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
108715157  gng3.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 isoform X2 [KO:K04540]
108713902  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
446597  gng4.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 4 S homeolog [KO:K04541]
108716733  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
443796  gng5.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 5 S homeolog [KO:K04542]
444385  gng5.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 5 L homeolog [KO:K04542]
373803  gng7.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 7 S homeolog [KO:K04543]
734246  gng7.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 7 L homeolog [KO:K04543]
108698506  gng8.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
398896  gng10.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
108703737  gng10.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
595043  gng12.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12 L homeolog [KO:K04347]
108715518  gng12.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
379821  gng13.S; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 13 S homeolog [KO:K04547]
444698  gngt1.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma transducing activity polypeptide 1 L homeolog [KO:K04548]
108720093  gngt1.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 isoform X1 [KO:K04548]
108701981  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
108702366  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
108708095  gngt2.1.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
108709527  gngt2.1.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
394425  gnaq.L; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), q polypeptide L homeolog [KO:K04634]
399261  gnaq.S; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
397692  plcb3.L; phospholipase C beta 3 L homeolog [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
108716399  plcb4.L; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
108716400  1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
108699254  plcb2.L; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
445848  plcb4.S; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
733258  plcb1.S; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
399254  itpr1.S; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 S homeolog [KO:K04958]
108714625  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X6 [KO:K04958]
108710178  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
108709441  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
108700581  ryanodine receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04961]
108698642  ryr1.L; ryanodine receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04961]
108700460  ryr3.S; ryanodine receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04963]
108699223  ryr3.L; ryanodine receptor 3 isoform X10 [KO:K04963]
380558  calm2.S; calmodulin-2 A [KO:K02183]
606721  calm1.S; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
399259  calm2.L; calmodulin-2 B [KO:K02183]
108711508  calml4.L; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
108698710  calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
108712798  calml4.S; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
373705  nos1.L; nitric oxide synthase 1 L homeolog [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
108707179  nos1.S; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X1 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
108708038  nos2.L; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
108708888  nos2.S; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
108704634  nos3.L; nitric oxide synthase, endothelial isoform X2 [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
108717735  protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
108716426  protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
397917  slc9a1.S; solute carrier family 9 member 1 S homeolog [KO:K05742]
108708100  slc9a1.L; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05742]
446366  slc8a3.S; solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 3 S homeolog [KO:K05849]
108713907  sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
108715150  sodium/calcium exchanger 1 [KO:K05849]
399331  slc8a1.S; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
108700283  slc8a2.S; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 [KO:K05849]
108698638  slc8a2.L; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 [KO:K05849]
108699193  slc8a3.L; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
108716640  sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X4 [KO:K05849]
108714133  myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108701763  mylkl.L; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108720081  mylk4.S; myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108700969  myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108702240  mylk.S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle-like [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108719107  mylk4.L; serine/threonine-protein kinase pakF isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108715487  myosin light chain kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
108701256  mylk.L; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
447131  myl2.S; myosin light chain 2 S homeolog [KO:K10351]
108697104  myl2.L; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
398607  myl3.S; myosin light chain 3 S homeolog [KO:K12749]
373844  myl4.L; myosin light chain 4 L homeolog [KO:K12750]
100037107  myl4.S; uncharacterized protein LOC100037107 [KO:K12750]
399406  hras.L; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K02833]
397771  kras.L; kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K07827]
100505423  uncharacterized protein LOC100505423 [KO:K07827]
108712520  krasl.S; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
108697792  kras.S; GTPase HRas [KO:K07827]
399446  nras.L; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
444191  rras2.S; RAS related 2 S homeolog [KO:K07830]
779088  ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
108696729  ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
108697778  ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
443932  mras.L; muscle RAS oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K07831]
108702900  mras.S; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
397857  raf1.S; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108704012  raf1.L; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
379991  map2k1.L; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
108712802  map2k1.S; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1-like [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
398985  mapk1.S; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
397785  mapk1.L; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
394276  rps6kb1.S; ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 S homeolog [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
394347  rps6kb1.L; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
379863  rps6.L; ribosomal protein S6 L homeolog [KO:K02991]
380281  rps6.S; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
108713077  pik3cg.S; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108711184  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform-like [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
108701182  pik3r5.L; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5-like [KO:K21290]
108701183  pik3r6.L; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
432272  pik3r5.S; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
432172  akt2.S; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase B [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
379783  akt2.L; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase A [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
399170  akt1.S; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108698803  RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108696363  serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
399162  egr1.L; early growth response protein 1-A [KO:K09203]
414518  egr1.S; early growth response protein 1-B [KO:K09203]
399110  jag1.L; jagged 1 L homeolog precursor [KO:K06052]
108717628  jag1.S; protein jagged-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06052]
108711658  notch3.L; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 [KO:K20995]
108712669  neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K20995]
379161  ccnd1.S; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 b [KO:K04503]
379937  ccnd1.L; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
447748  ccndx.L; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
447541  MGC83948 protein [KO:K04503]
496104  pde3b.L; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
108715307  cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B isoform X1 [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
446671  pik3c3.L; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
108705528  pik3c3.S; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
108718957  pik3r4.L; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
399407  pik3r4.S; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
444178  becn1.L; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
108701789  beclin-1-like [KO:K08334]
108702722  beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
380234  map1lc3a.L; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha L homeolog [KO:K10435]
398857  map1lc3b.S; uncharacterized protein LOC398857 [KO:K10435]
733220  map1lc3b.L; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
779323  map1lc3c.L; microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma L homeolog [KO:K10435]
379556  map1lc3a.S; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
108713898  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
108715162  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
495290  prkaa1.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
399172  prkaa2.S; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
108715541  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
108714249  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
443998  prkab1.S; protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 1 non-catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K07199]
380372  prkab2.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K07199]
108715739  prkab2.S; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199]
108715919  prkab1.L; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07199]
444397  prkag1.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K07200]
380124  prkag3.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 3 non-catatlytic subunit [KO:K07200]
398958  prkag2.S; protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K07200]
100127310  prkag3.S; protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 3 non-catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K07200]
108718729  prkag2.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K07200]
108709817  prkag1.S; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
100036810  plin1.L; uncharacterized protein plin1.L [KO:K08768]
100462892  ppargc1a.S; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202]
108698053  ppargc1a.L; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202]
446711  nrf1.S; nuclear respiratory factor 1 S homeolog [KO:K11831]
108711242  nrf1.L; nuclear respiratory factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11831]
394385  tfam.L; transcription factor A, mitochondrial L homeolog [KO:K11830]
108697175  tfam.S; transcription factor A, mitochondrial [KO:K11830]
380122  klf2.S; Kruppel-like factor 2 S homeolog [KO:K17845]
108695333  klf2.L; Krueppel-like factor 2 [KO:K17845]
495437  sphk1.L; sphingosine kinase 1 L homeolog [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
108697745  sphk2.S; sphingosine kinase 1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
108696679  sphk2.L; sphingosine kinase 1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
496349  gna13.S; uncharacterized protein LOC496349 [KO:K04639]
108701204  gna13.L; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
373837  camk4.L; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV L homeolog [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
108712576  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV isoform X1 [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
108707217  camk4.S; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV isoform X1 [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
108701411  hdac4.L; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
108702540  hdac5.S; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
108700835  hdac5.L; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
108703026  hdac4.S; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X3 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
380452  mef2a.L; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A homolog [KO:K09260]
108712821  mef2a.S; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A homolog isoform X1 [KO:K09260]
444310  mef2c.L; MADS box transcription enhancer factor 2, polypeptide C (myocyte enhancer factor 2C) L homeolog [KO:K04454]
108707236  mef2c.S; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454]
399340  mef2d.S; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D homolog [KO:K09262]
735032  mef2d.L; myocyte enhancer factor 2D L homeolog [KO:K09262]
399295  tgfbr1.S; transforming growth factor beta receptor I S homeolog precursor [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
108719029  TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
399442  smad2.L; SMAD family member 2 L homeolog [KO:K04500]
432023  smad2.S; SMAD family member 2 S homeolog [KO:K04500]
378633  smad3.L; SMAD family member 3 L homeolog [KO:K23605]
108712801  smad3.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
403356  smad4.2.L; SMAD family member 4, gene 2 L homeolog 2 [KO:K04501]
780764  smad4.L; SMAD family member 4, gene 1 L homeolog [KO:K04501]
108700426  smad4.2.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04501]
108707339  smad4.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
431847  acta2.L; actin, alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta L homeolog [KO:K12313]
100653490  acta2.S; actin, alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta S homeolog [KO:K12313]
594865  cdh3.L; blastomere cadherin [KO:K05689]
100337618  cdh1.S; cadherin-1 precursor [KO:K05689]
394290  cdh3.S; EP-cadherin precursor [KO:K05689]
108714071  cdh1.L; cadherin-1-like [KO:K05689]
398003  ccn2.L; connective tissue growth factor precursor [KO:K06827]
108704892  CCN family member 2 [KO:K06827]
398763  agtr1.L; type-1 angiotensin II receptor A [KO:K04166]
378523  agtr1.S; type-1 angiotensin II receptor B [KO:K04166]
108707736  type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
779433  serpine1.L; serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 L homeolog precursor [KO:K03982]
100049768  serpine1.S; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [KO:K03982]
399010  plat.L; tissue-type plasminogen activator precursor [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00290  Fibrin
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:26143239
  Authors
Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP
  Title
Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 36:560-7 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.002
Reference
PMID:22140623
  Authors
Andersen CU, Hilberg O, Mellemkjaer S, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Simonsen U
  Title
Apelin and pulmonary hypertension.
  Journal
Pulm Circ 1:334-46 (2011)
DOI:10.4103/2045-8932.87299
Reference
PMID:25275559
  Authors
Chapman NA, Dupre DJ, Rainey JK
  Title
The apelin receptor: physiology, pathology, cell signalling, and ligand modulation of a peptide-activated class A GPCR.
  Journal
Biochem Cell Biol 92:431-40 (2014)
DOI:10.1139/bcb-2014-0072
Reference
PMID:18272138
  Authors
Japp AG, Newby DE
  Title
The apelin-APJ system in heart failure: pathophysiologic relevance and therapeutic potential.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:1882-92 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.12.015
Reference
PMID:25652330
  Authors
Folino A, Montarolo PG, Samaja M, Rastaldo R
  Title
Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Heart Fail Rev 20:505-18 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s10741-015-9475-x
Reference
PMID:23943882
  Authors
O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, Pope GR
  Title
The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis.
  Journal
J Endocrinol 219:R13-35 (2013)
DOI:10.1530/JOE-13-0227
Reference
PMID:23973488
  Authors
Liu QF, Yu HW, You L, Liu MX, Li KY, Tao GZ
  Title
Apelin-13-induced proliferation and migration induced of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by the upregulation of Egr-1.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 439:235-40 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.051
Reference
PMID:26254105
  Authors
Novakova V, Sandhu GS, Dragomir-Daescu D, Klabusay M
  Title
Apelinergic system in endothelial cells and its role in angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
  Journal
Vascul Pharmacol 76:1-10 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2015.08.005
Reference
PMID:21725702
  Authors
Castan-Laurell I, Dray C, Attane C, Duparc T, Knauf C, Valet P
  Title
Apelin, diabetes, and obesity.
  Journal
Endocrine 40:1-9 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s12020-011-9507-9
Reference
PMID:23924696
  Authors
Li L, Li L, Xie F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Tang G, Lv D, Lu Q, Chen L, Li J
  Title
Jagged-1/Notch3 signaling transduction pathway is involved in apelin-13-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 45:875-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmt085
Reference
PMID:24990699
  Authors
Wu D, He L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: a promising therapy target for hypertension.
  Journal
Mol Biol Rep 41:6691-703 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3552-4
Reference
PMID:20539939
  Authors
Liu C, Su T, Li F, Li L, Qin X, Pan W, Feng F, Chen F, Liao D, Chen L
  Title
PI3K/Akt signaling transduction pathway is involved in rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by apelin-13.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 42:396-402 (2010)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmq035
Reference
PMID:26607438
  Authors
Xie F, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, He L, Lv D, Qin X, Li L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin-13 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-Akt-ERK1/2-p70S6K and PI3K-induced autophagy.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 47:969-80 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmv111
Reference
PMID:27979574
  Authors
Lu L, Wu D, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: A bifunctional target for cardiac hypertrophy.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 230:164-170 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.215
Reference
PMID:16182514
  Authors
Carmen GY, Victor SM
  Title
Signalling mechanisms regulating lipolysis.
  Journal
Cell Signal 18:401-8 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.08.009
Reference
PMID:27650065
  Authors
Hu H, He L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system as a therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications.
  Journal
Mol Genet Metab 119:20-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.012
Reference
PMID:25914650
  Authors
Bertrand C, Valet P, Castan-Laurell I
  Title
Apelin and energy metabolism.
  Journal
Front Physiol 6:115 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2015.00115
Reference
PMID:26385179
  Authors
Yao F, Lv YC, Zhang M, Xie W, Tan YL, Gong D, Cheng HP, Liu D, Li L, Liu XY, Zheng XL, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin-13 impedes foam cell formation by activating Class III PI3K/Beclin-1-mediated autophagic pathway.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 466:637-43 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.045
Reference
PMID:22842084
  Authors
Than A, Cheng Y, Foh LC, Leow MK, Lim SC, Chuah YJ, Kang Y, Chen P
  Title
Apelin inhibits adipogenesis and lipolysis through distinct molecular pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 362:227-41 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2012.07.002
Reference
PMID:24055369
  Authors
Yu XH, Tang ZB, Liu LJ, Qian H, Tang SL, Zhang DW, Tian GP, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 428:1-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.001
Reference
PMID:25931124
  Authors
Than A, He HL, Chua SH, Xu D, Sun L, Leow MK, Chen P
  Title
Apelin Enhances Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipocytes.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 290:14679-91 (2015)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M115.643817
Reference
PMID:25139773
  Authors
Fu J, Li Z, Zhang H, Mao Y, Wang A, Wang X, Zou Z, Zhang X
  Title
Molecular pathways regulating the formation of brown-like adipocytes in white adipose tissue.
  Journal
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 31:433-52 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.2600
Reference
PMID:21464822
  Authors
Aharoni-Simon M, Hann-Obercyger M, Pen S, Madar Z, Tirosh O
  Title
Fatty liver is associated with impaired activity of PPARgamma-coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice.
  Journal
Lab Invest 91:1018-28 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2011.55
Reference
PMID:22995518
  Authors
McLean DL, Kim J, Kang Y, Shi H, Atkins GB, Jain MK, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin/APJ signaling is a critical regulator of statin effects in vascular endothelial cells--brief report.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:2640-3 (2012)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300317
Reference
PMID:22028387
  Authors
Pchejetski D, Foussal C, Alfarano C, Lairez O, Calise D, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Schaak S, Seguelas MH, Wanecq E, Valet P, Parini A, Kunduzova O
  Title
Apelin prevents cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen production through inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1.
  Journal
Eur Heart J 33:2360-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr389
Reference
PMID:26944568
  Authors
Huang S, Chen L, Lu L, Li L
  Title
The apelin-APJ axis: A novel potential therapeutic target for organ fibrosis.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 456:81-8 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.025
Reference
PMID:19093215
  Authors
Liu G, Han J, Profirovic J, Strekalova E, Voyno-Yasenetskaya TA
  Title
Galpha13 regulates MEF2-dependent gene transcription in endothelial cells: role in angiogenesis.
  Journal
Angiogenesis 12:1-15 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s10456-008-9123-3
Reference
PMID:23603510
  Authors
Kang Y, Kim J, Anderson JP, Wu J, Gleim SR, Kundu RK, McLean DL, Kim JD, Park H, Jin SW, Hwa J, Quertermous T, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin-APJ signaling is a critical regulator of endothelial MEF2 activation in cardiovascular development.
  Journal
Circ Res 113:22-31 (2013)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301324
Reference
PMID:25164121
  Authors
Wang LY, Diao ZL, Zhang DL, Zheng JF, Zhang QD, Ding JX, Liu WH
  Title
The regulatory peptide apelin: a novel inhibitor of renal interstitial fibrosis.
  Journal
Amino Acids 46:2693-704 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s00726-014-1826-8
Reference
PMID:26756969
  Authors
Zhou Y, Deng L, Zhao D, Chen L, Yao Z, Guo X, Liu X, Lv L, Leng B, Xu W, Qiao G, Shan H
  Title
MicroRNA-503 promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Apelin-13.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 20:495-505 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/jcmm.12754
Reference
PMID:27825851
  Authors
Zhong JC, Zhang ZZ, Wang W, McKinnie SM, Vederas JC, Oudit GY
  Title
Targeting the apelin pathway as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1863:1942-1950 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.007
Related
pathway
xla04010  MAPK signaling pathway
xla04020  Calcium signaling pathway
xla04140  Autophagy - animal
xla04150  mTOR signaling pathway
xla04270  Vascular smooth muscle contraction
xla04530  Tight junction
KO pathway
ko04371   
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