Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Sorex araneus (European shrew)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Sorex araneus (European shrew) [GN:
sara ]
Gene
101537056 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
101537219 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12495 ]
101538562 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 [KO:K12472 ]
101538692 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
101539570 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495 ]
101540065 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K18439 ]
101540617 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
101540718 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
101541076 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12489 ]
101541865 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin [KO:K09526 ]
101542242 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
101542853 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
101543049 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
101543175 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
101544495 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
101544780 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
101545412 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199 ]
101545668 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
101546485 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
101547889 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
101548228 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
101548507 ARPC5; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K05754 ]
101548870 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
101548980 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
101549734 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12490 ]
101550286 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
101550550 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
101551002 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12488 ]
101551069 ARFGEF2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
101551255 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
101551477 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
101552159 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 [KO:K12474 ]
101552852 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
101554007 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12489 ]
101554297 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12495 ]
101554402 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
101554438 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 [KO:K12492 ]
101554885 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
101555211 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
101555589 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 [KO:K12493 ]
101556351 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488 ]
101557061 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
101557279 GBF1; golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K18443 ]
101558385 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12491 ]
101558394 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
101558516 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X2 [KO:K18467 ]
101558605 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
101558660 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
101558817 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
101559432 PSD; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105943428 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
sara04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
sara04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
sara04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway