Entry
Name
Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum - Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)
Description
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a subcellular organelle where proteins are folded with the help of lumenal chaperones. Newly synthesized peptides enter the ER via the sec61 pore and are glycosylated. Correctly folded proteins are packaged into transport vesicles that shuttle them to the Golgi complex. Misfolded proteins are retained within the ER lumen in complex with molecular chaperones. Proteins that are terminally misfolded bind to BiP and are directed toward degradation through the proteasome in a process called ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER causes ER stress and activates a signaling pathway called the unfolded protein response (UPR). In certain severe situations, however, the protective mechanisms activated by the UPR are not sufficient to restore normal ER function and cells die by apoptosis.
Class
Genetic Information Processing; Folding, sorting and degradation
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
hhip04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
Other DBs
Organism
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut) [GN:
hhip ]
Gene
117752992 nploc4; nuclear protein localization protein 4 homolog [KO:K14015 ]
117753579 ssr1; translocon-associated protein subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K13249 ]
117753923 sec61g; protein transport protein Sec61 subunit gamma [KO:K07342 ]
117753974 tram1; translocating chain-associated membrane protein 1 [KO:K14010 ]
117754432 dnajc10; dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 10 [KO:K09530 ] [EC:1.8.4.-]
117755254 uggt2; UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11718 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
117755255 dnajc3a; dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3a isoform X1 [KO:K09523 ]
117755477 nfe2l2a; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2a [KO:K05638 ]
117755731 uggt1; UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11718 ] [EC:2.4.1.-]
117758005 dnajc5ga; dnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 5 gamma a isoform X1 [KO:K09525 ]
117758073 hsp90aa1.2; heat shock protein 90, alpha (cytosolic), class A member 1, tandem duplicate 2 [KO:K04079 ]
117758218 eif2s1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1b [KO:K03237 ]
117759410 atf4a; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
117759776 edem3; ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10086 ]
117760000 atf6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K09054 ]
117760767 rad23ab; RAD23 homolog A, nucleotide excision repair protein b isoform X1 [KO:K10839 ]
117760944 ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein isoform X1 [KO:K04452 ]
117761017 edem1; ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 1 [KO:K10084 ]
117761104 yod1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin thioesterase OTU1 [KO:K13719 ] [EC:3.1.2.-]
117761362 rpn1; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1 [KO:K12666 ]
117761570 rpn2; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12667 ]
117762973 herpud1; homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K14027 ]
117764146 zgc:113278; translocating chain-associated membrane protein 1-like 1 [KO:K14010 ]
117764760 ddost; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit [KO:K12670 ]
117764952 dnajc5aa; dnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 5aa [KO:K09525 ]
117765258 edem2; ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10085 ]
117765697 dnajb1a; dnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1a isoform X1 [KO:K09507 ]
117766633 rad23aa; RAD23 homolog A, nucleotide excision repair protein a [KO:K10839 ]
117767827 man1b1b; mannosidase, alpha, class 1B, member 1b isoform X1 [KO:K23741 ]
117768320 ufd1l; ubiquitin recognition factor in ER-associated degradation protein 1 [KO:K14016 ]
117768646 zgc:136908; transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K13525 ]
117769474 lman2; vesicular integral-membrane protein VIP36 isoform X1 [KO:K10082 ]
117770112 stt3b; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3B [KO:K07151 ] [EC:2.4.99.18 ]
117770649 atf6b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
117771596 si:ch211-282j22.3; ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 3 [KO:K10086 ]
117772246 man1b1a; endoplasmic reticulum mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase isoform X1 [KO:K23741 ]
117774959 stt3a; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3A [KO:K07151 ] [EC:2.4.99.18 ]
117775857 sar1ab; secretion associated, Ras related GTPase 1Ab [KO:K07953 ] [EC:3.6.5.-]
117778944 dad1; dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit DAD1 [KO:K12668 ]
Compound
Reference
Authors
Naidoo N
Title
ER and aging-Protein folding and the ER stress response.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Maattanen P, Gehring K, Bergeron JJ, Thomas DY
Title
Protein quality control in the ER: the recognition of misfolded proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Stolz A, Wolf DH
Title
Endoplasmic reticulum associated protein degradation: a chaperone assisted journey to hell.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dejgaard K, Theberge JF, Heath-Engel H, Chevet E, Tremblay ML, Thomas DY
Title
Organization of the Sec61 translocon, studied by high resolution native electrophoresis.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway