KEGG   PATHWAY: ko00330
Entry
ko00330                     Pathway                                
Name
Arginine and proline metabolism
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ko00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ko00330

Module
M00015  Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:ko00330]
M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:ko00330]
M00133  Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:ko00330]
M00134  Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:ko00330]
M00135  GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:ko00330]
M00136  GABA biosynthesis, prokaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:ko00330]
M00879  Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:ko00330]
M00970  Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:ko00330]
M00972  Proline metabolism [PATH:ko00330]
Other DBs
GO: 0006525 0006560
Orthology
K00128  ALDH; aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC:1.2.1.3]
K00137  prr; aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.19]
K00147  proA; glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.41]
K00149  ALDH9A1; aldehyde dehydrogenase family 9 member A1 [EC:1.2.1.47 1.2.1.3]
K00273  DAO, aao; D-amino-acid oxidase [EC:1.4.3.3]
K00274  MAO, aofH; monoamine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.4]
K00286  proC; pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase [EC:1.5.1.2]
K00294  E1.2.1.88; 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.88]
K00296  nos; D-nopaline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.1.19]
K00316  spdH; spermidine dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.99.6]
K00318  PRODH, fadM, putB; proline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.2]
K00472  P4HA; prolyl 4-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.11.2]
K00491  nos; nitric-oxide synthase, bacterial [EC:1.14.14.47]
K00542  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [EC:2.1.1.2]
K00613  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase [EC:2.1.4.1]
K00657  speG, SAT; diamine N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.57]
K00673  astA; arginine N-succinyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.109]
K00797  speE, SRM, SPE3; spermidine synthase [EC:2.5.1.16]
K00802  SMS; spermine synthase [EC:2.5.1.22]
K00811  ASP5; aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [EC:2.6.1.1]
K00812  aspB; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1]
K00813  aspC; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1]
K00819  rocD, OAT; ornithine--oxo-acid transaminase [EC:2.6.1.13]
K00824  dat; D-alanine transaminase [EC:2.6.1.21]
K00840  astC; succinylornithine aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.81]
K00931  proB; glutamate 5-kinase [EC:2.7.2.11]
K00933  E2.7.3.2; creatine kinase [EC:2.7.3.2]
K00934  E2.7.3.3; arginine kinase [EC:2.7.3.3]
K01259  pip; proline iminopeptidase [EC:3.4.11.5]
K01426  E3.5.1.4, amiE; amidase [EC:3.5.1.4]
K01470  E3.5.2.10; creatinine amidohydrolase [EC:3.5.2.10]
K01473  hyuA; N-methylhydantoinase A [EC:3.5.2.14]
K01474  hyuB; N-methylhydantoinase B [EC:3.5.2.14]
K01476  rocF, arg; arginase [EC:3.5.3.1]
K01480  speB; agmatinase [EC:3.5.3.11]
K01484  astB; succinylarginine dihydrolase [EC:3.5.3.23]
K01485  codA; cytosine/creatinine deaminase [EC:3.5.4.1 3.5.4.21]
K01581  E4.1.1.17, ODC1, speC, speF; ornithine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.17]
K01583  E4.1.1.19; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19]
K01584  adiA; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19]
K01585  speA; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19]
K01611  speD, AMD1; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.50]
K01750  ocd; ornithine cyclodeaminase [EC:4.3.1.12]
K01777  prdF; proline racemase [EC:5.1.1.4]
K02626  pdaD; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19]
K03343  puo; putrescine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.10]
K03365  FCY1; cytosine/creatinine deaminase [EC:3.5.4.1 3.5.4.21]
K05526  astE; succinylglutamate desuccinylase [EC:3.5.1.96]
K05604  CNDP1; beta-Ala-His dipeptidase [EC:3.4.13.20]
K06447  astD; succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.71]
K08660  CNDP2; cytosolic nonspecific dipeptidase [EC:3.4.13.18]
K08687  E3.5.1.59; N-carbamoylsarcosine amidase [EC:3.5.1.59]
K08688  E3.5.3.3; creatinase [EC:3.5.3.3]
K09123  lhpI; cis-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.171]
K09251  patA; putrescine aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.82]
K09470  puuA; gamma-glutamylputrescine synthase [EC:6.3.1.11]
K09471  puuB, ordL; gamma-glutamylputrescine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.-]
K09472  puuC, aldH; 4-(gamma-glutamylamino)butanal dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.99]
K09473  puuD; gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase [EC:3.5.1.94]
K10536  aguA; agmatine deiminase [EC:3.5.3.12]
K10793  prdA; D-proline reductase (dithiol) PrdA [EC:1.21.4.1]
K10794  prdB; D-proline reductase (dithiol) PrdB [EC:1.21.4.1]
K11142  LAP3; cytosol aminopeptidase [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5]
K11182  AOC1, ABP1; diamine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.22]
K11358  yhdR; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1]
K11394  PRODH2; hydroxyproline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.3]
K12251  aguB; N-carbamoylputrescine amidase [EC:3.5.1.53]
K12252  aruH; arginine:pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.84]
K12253  aruI; 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.75]
K12254  kauB; 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase / NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.54 1.2.1.-]
K12255  gbuA; guanidinobutyrase [EC:3.5.3.7]
K12256  spuC; putrescine---pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.113]
K12259  SMOX, PAO5; spermine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.16 1.5.3.-]
K12657  ALDH18A1, P5CS; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase [EC:2.7.2.11 1.2.1.41]
K13240  NOS1; nitric-oxide synthase, brain [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13241  NOS2; nitric-oxide synthase, inducible [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13242  NOS3; nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13366  MPAO, PAO1; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.14 1.5.3.16 1.5.3.-]
K13367  FMS1; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.17]
K13427  NOA1; nitric-oxide synthase, plant [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13746  cansdh; carboxynorspermidine synthase [EC:1.5.1.43]
K13747  nspC; carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.96]
K13821  putA; RHH-type transcriptional regulator, proline utilization regulon repressor / proline dehydrogenase / delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.2 1.2.1.88]
K14085  ALDH7A1; aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1 [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
K14329  ACT; agmatine coumaroyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.64 2.3.1.-]
K14454  GOT1; aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [EC:2.6.1.1]
K14455  GOT2; aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [EC:2.6.1.1]
K14755  CRNS1, ATPGD1; carnosine synthase [EC:6.3.2.11]
K17839  PAO4, PAO3, PAO2; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.17 1.5.3.-]
K17851  dpd; D-proline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.99.13]
K18123  HOGA1; 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase [EC:4.1.3.16]
K18384  L3HYPDH; trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.77]
K19742  lhpI; 1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase [NAD(P)H] [EC:1.5.1.49]
K19743  lhpI; 1-piperideine-2-carboxylate/1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase [NAD(P)H] [EC:1.5.1.1]
K21624  c3lhypd; cis-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.171]
K21639  E1.4.3.25; L-arginine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.25]
K21672  ord; 2,4-diaminopentanoate dehydrogenase [EC:1.4.1.12 1.4.1.26]
K22548  lhpL; trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.77]
K22842  MRP; L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.271]
K23121  pflD; trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline dehydratase
K23233  ODH1; D-octopine dehydrogenase
K24034  SPE3-LYS9; spermidine synthase / saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming)
K24952  noxA; nopaline oxidase subunit A
K24953  noxB; nopaline oxidase subunit B
K24954  ooxA; octopine oxidase subunit A
K24955  ooxB; octopine oxidase subunit B
K25365  gbh; guanidinobutyrase / D-arginase
K27001  GDAH, AGMAT; taurocyamine/4-guanidinobutanoate/3-guanidinopropanoate hydrolase
K27382  CKM; creatine kinase M-type
K27502  capadh; carboxyaminopropylagmatine dehydrogenase
K27542  argZ; arginine dihydrolase / ornithine cyclodeaminase
K27545  argZ; arginine dihydrolase
K27683  apauh; N1-aminopropylagmatine ureohydrolase
K27684  capadc; carboxyaminopropylagmatine decarboxylase
K28013  E4.3.1.12; ornithine cyclodeaminase
Compound
C00012  Peptide
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00062  L-Arginine
C00077  L-Ornithine
C00086  Urea
C00134  Putrescine
C00148  L-Proline
C00179  Agmatine
C00213  Sarcosine
C00223  p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C00300  Creatine
C00315  Spermidine
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00406  Feruloyl-CoA
C00431  5-Aminopentanoate
C00436  N-Carbamoylputrescine
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00555  4-Aminobutyraldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00750  Spermine
C00763  D-Proline
C00791  Creatinine
C00884  Homocarnosine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01035  4-Guanidinobutanoate
C01043  N-Carbamoylsarcosine
C01110  5-Amino-2-oxopentanoic acid
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01157  Hydroxyproline
C01165  L-Glutamate 5-semialdehyde
C01250  N-Acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde
C01682  Nopaline
C02305  Phosphocreatine
C02565  N-Methylhydantoin
C02647  4-Guanidinobutanal
C02714  N-Acetylputrescine
C02946  4-Acetamidobutanoate
C03078  4-Guanidinobutanamide
C03166  Phosphoguanidinoacetate
C03287  L-Glutamyl 5-phosphate
C03296  N2-Succinyl-L-arginine
C03375  Norspermidine
C03415  N2-Succinyl-L-ornithine
C03564  1-Pyrroline-2-carboxylate
C03771  5-Guanidino-2-oxopentanoate
C03912  (S)-1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate
C04137  Octopine
C04281  L-1-Pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate
C05147  trans-3-Hydroxy-L-proline
C05931  N-Succinyl-L-glutamate
C05932  N-Succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde
C05933  N(omega)-Hydroxyarginine
C05936  N4-Acetylaminobutanal
C05938  L-4-Hydroxyglutamate semialdehyde
C05945  L-Arginine phosphate
C05946  (4R)-4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
C05947  L-erythro-4-Hydroxyglutamate
C10497  Feruloylputrescine
C15699  gamma-L-Glutamylputrescine
C15700  gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde
C15767  4-(L-gamma-Glutamylamino)butanoate
C18172  Carboxyspermidine
C18174  Carboxynorspermidine
C18326  p-Coumaroylputrescine
C19706  cis-3-Hydroxy-L-proline
C20560  N1-(3-Aminopropyl)agmatine
C22886  N1-[(S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]agmatine
Reference
PMID:5288244
  Authors
Haake P, Allen GW.
  Title
Studies on phosphorylation by phosphoroguanidinates. The mechanism of action of creatine: ATP transphosphorylase (creatine kinase).
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68:2691-3 (1971)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.68.11.2691
Reference
PMID:16499623
  Authors
Kurihara S, Oda S, Kumagai H, Suzuki H.
  Title
Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase in the putrescine utilization pathway of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Lett 256:318-23 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00137.x
Reference
PMID:15590624
  Authors
Kurihara S, Oda S, Kato K, Kim HG, Koyanagi T, Kumagai H, Suzuki H.
  Title
A novel putrescine utilization pathway involves gamma-glutamylated intermediates of Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:4602-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M411114200
Related
pathway
ko00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ko00220  Arginine biosynthesis
ko00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ko00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ko00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ko00310  Lysine degradation
ko00410  beta-Alanine metabolism
ko00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ko00480  Glutathione metabolism
ko00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ko00650  Butanoate metabolism
ko00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
ko00960  Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis

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