KEGG   PATHWAY: csyr04140
Entry
csyr04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
csyr04140  Autophagy - animal
csyr04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier) [GN:csyr]
Gene
103257652  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103259285  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
103262177  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
103251553  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103266233  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103276054  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103262537  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
103272136  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
103265584  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103257728  AKT1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103254239  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103263958  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103274296  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
103250130  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
103263630  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
103259236  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
103251734  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
103249780  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
103270410  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
103263745  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X3 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103277453  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103251709  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103265435  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103274188  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103272922  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X2 [KO:K08268]
103275084  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein isoform X1 [KO:K08270]
103250119  TSC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tuberin [KO:K07207]
103250930  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
103270946  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
103254373  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
103270389  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GTP-binding protein Rheb-like [KO:K07208]
103272783  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GTP-binding protein Rheb-like [KO:K07208]
103275306  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
103251875  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
103259997  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
103272291  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103258093  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
103252726  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X2 [KO:K08266]
103251539  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103273417  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103261199  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
103261468  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103268313  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103265752  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103264896  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103267779  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
103268439  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
103268777  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
103250165  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
103251110  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A [KO:K17906]
103250649  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
103260005  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
103253919  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
103265782  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K22991]
103261242  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X2 [KO:K17907]
103275300  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
103250323  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X4 [KO:K21245]
103264921  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
103249321  CUNH9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog [KO:K23609]
103276628  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
103274831  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
103252077  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
103271912  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
103251333  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
103257041  ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
103274903  ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X1 [KO:K16185]
103266479  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
103255659  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
103266774  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
103276207  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103254435  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103255089  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103253311  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103266092  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103268097  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103252280  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103272968  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X5 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103255312  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103274703  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
103252019  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
103270696  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
103258390  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
103266086  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103275750  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
103254413  ATG14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
103267783  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985]
103263671  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103276668  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
103273413  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
103261926  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
103260164  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
103259368  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X3 [KO:K11248]
103266049  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
103262348  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103259721  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X2 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
103262804  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
103256992  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
103250163  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103263038  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103264444  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103255078  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
103275450  high mobility group protein B1-like isoform X1 [KO:K10802]
103249260  PRAP1; proline-rich acidic protein 1 [KO:K21250]
103264913  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103272339  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103274470  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
103260041  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103261316  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103270574  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103272108  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
103271013  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X2 [KO:K08336]
103274884  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X2 [KO:K08336]
103269482  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
103267523  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
103272562  ATG16L2; autophagy-related protein 16-2 [KO:K20868]
103262041  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
103257457  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
103275885  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
103273363  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
103268844  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
103265966  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type isoform X1 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103270391  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
103263234  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
103276258  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08341]
103262114  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
103257915  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
103251254  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103270860  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103270493  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103274757  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103267878  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
103272809  OPTN; optineurin isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
103264735  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21348]
103263304  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
103267902  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]
110594692  ubiquitin-like [KO:K02927]
103251854  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 isoform X1 [KO:K02927]
103274018  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40-like isoform X1 [KO:K02927]
103269634  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
110596262  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a-like [KO:K02977]
103250595  polyubiquitin-B isoform X1 [KO:K04551]
103264907  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
103271340  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K08509]
103250134  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
103259588  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 isoform X1 [KO:K08516]
103260957  STX7; syntaxin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K08488]
103267387  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
103256214  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
103270713  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
103249362  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20180]
103275328  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
103262121  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182]
103261853  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
103266510  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
103264237  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103271470  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
103275546  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
103270690  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a isoform X1 [KO:K07897]
103256046  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
103256824  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
103275209  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
103260944  cathepsin L1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103260950  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103274243  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103274244  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103274246  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103274261  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103275039  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
csyr04010  MAPK signaling pathway
csyr04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
csyr04142  Lysosome
csyr04150  mTOR signaling pathway
csyr04152  AMPK signaling pathway
csyr04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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