Entry Name Wnt signaling pathway - Physeter macrocephalus (sperm whale)
Description Wnt proteins are secreted morphogens that are required for basic developmental processes, such as cell-fate specification, progenitor-cell proliferation and the control of asymmetric cell division, in many different species and organs. There are at least three different Wnt pathways: the canonical pathway, the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway and the Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. In the canonical Wnt pathway, the major effect of Wnt ligand binding to its receptor is the stabilization of cytoplasmic beta-catenin through inhibition of the bea-catenin degradation complex. Beta-catenin is then free to enter the nucleus and activate Wnt-regulated genes through its interaction with TCF (T-cell factor) family transcription factors and concomitant recruitment of coactivators. Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling leads to the activation of the small GTPases RHOA (RAS homologue gene-family member A) and RAC1, which activate the stress kinase JNK (Jun N-terminal kinase) and ROCK (RHO-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1) and leads to remodelling of the cytoskeleton and changes in cell adhesion and motility. WNT-Ca2+ signalling is mediated through G proteins and phospholipases and leads to transient increases in cytoplasmic free calcium that subsequently activate the kinase PKC (protein kinase C) and CAMKII (calcium calmodulin mediated kinase II) and the phosphatase calcineurin.
Class Environmental Information Processing; Signal transductionBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Physeter macrocephalus (sperm whale) [GN:
pcad ]
Gene 102973173 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102974146 DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353 ]
102975666 BTRC; F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A isoform X1 [KO:K03362 ]
102977634 CTNNBIP1; beta-catenin-interacting protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04493 ]
102979156 LGR5; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04308 ]
102979210 LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068 ]
102980540 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
102980874 DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 isoform X4 [KO:K02353 ]
102981215 DAAM1; disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04512 ]
102982891 DAAM2; disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 2 [KO:K04512 ]
102983015 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
102984161 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
102985343 NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334 ]
102986648 BAMBI; BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor homolog isoform X1 [KO:K10162 ]
102987109 PPARD; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta [KO:K04504 ]
102987717 LGR4; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 4 [KO:K04309 ]
102988954 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X25 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
102989206 SFRP4; secreted frizzled-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02185 ]
102989819 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X2 [KO:K23605 ]
102989999 DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X3 [KO:K02353 ]
102990148 TBL1XR1; F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 isoform X1 [KO:K04508 ]
102990276 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04392 ]
102990552 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07860 ]
102990815 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X8 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
102990971 CHD8; chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 8 isoform X2 [KO:K04494 ] [EC:5.6.2.-]
102990995 LGR6; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 [KO:K08399 ]
102991597 PRICKLE3; prickle planar cell polarity protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04511 ]
102993777 NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X5 [KO:K17332 ]
102994071 LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03068 ]
102994812 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
102995357 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
112065477 PPP3R2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268 ]
114484431 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
Compound Reference Authors Hatsell S, Rowlands T, Hiremath M, Cowin P.
Title Beta-catenin and Tcfs in mammary development and cancer.
Journal Reference Authors Yang Y.
Title Wnts and wing: Wnt signaling in vertebrate limb development and musculoskeletal morphogenesis.
Journal Reference Authors Kalderon D.
Title Similarities between the Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways.
Journal Reference Authors Nusse R.
Title Wnts and Hedgehogs: lipid-modified proteins and similarities in signaling mechanisms at the cell surface.
Journal Reference Authors Jope RS, Johnson GV.
Title The glamour and gloom of glycogen synthase kinase-3.
Journal Reference Authors Veeman MT, Axelrod JD, Moon RT.
Title A second canon. Functions and mechanisms of beta-catenin-independent Wnt signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Sun TQ, Lu B, Feng JJ, Reinhard C, Jan YN, Fantl WJ, Williams LT.
Title PAR-1 is a Dishevelled-associated kinase and a positive regulator of Wnt signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Saito-Diaz K, Chen TW, Wang X, Thorne CA, Wallace HA, Page-McCaw A, Lee E
Title The way Wnt works: Components and mechanism.
Journal Reference Authors Carethers JM
Title Intersection of transforming growth factor-beta and Wnt signaling pathways in colorectal cancer and metastasis.
Journal Reference Authors Lin Z, Gao C, Ning Y, He X, Wu W, Chen YG
Title The pseudoreceptor BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor positively modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Niehrs C
Title The complex world of WNT receptor signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Abou Ziki MD, Mani A
Title Wnt signaling, a novel pathway regulating blood pressure? State of the art review.
Journal Reference Authors He Y, Ki H, Kim H, Kim K
Title delta-Catenin interacts with LEF-1 and negatively regulates its transcriptional activity.
Journal Reference Authors Esaki N, Enomoto A, Takagishi M, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Ushida K, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Takahashi M
Title The Daple-CK1epsilon complex regulates Dvl2 phosphorylation and canonical Wnt signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Yiew NKH, Chatterjee TK, Tang YL, Pellenberg R, Stansfield BK, Bagi Z, Fulton DJ, Stepp DW, Chen W, Patel V, Kamath VM, Litwin SE, Hui DY, Rudich SM, Kim HW, Weintraub NL
Title A novel role for the Wnt inhibitor APCDD1 in adipocyte differentiation: Implications for diet-induced obesity.
Journal Related KO pathway
