KEGG   PATHWAY: nle05224
Entry
nle05224                    Pathway                                
Name
Breast cancer - Nomascus leucogenys (northern white-cheeked gibbon)
Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The vast majority of breast cancers are carcinomas that originate from cells lining the milk-forming ducts of the mammary gland. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, which are based on the presence or absence of hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone subtypes) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), include: hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative (luminal A subtype), hormone receptor positive and HER2 positive (luminal B subtype), hormone receptor negative and HER2 positive (HER2 positive), and hormone receptor negative and HER2 negative (basal-like or triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs)). Hormone receptor positive breast cancers are largely driven by the estrogen/ER pathway. In HER2 positive breast tumours, HER2 activates the PI3K/AKT and the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathways, and stimulate cell growth, survival and differentiation. In patients suffering from TNBC, the deregulation of various signalling pathways (Notch and Wnt/beta-catenin), EGFR protein have been confirmed. In the case of breast cancer only 8% of all cancers are hereditary, a phenomenon linked to genetic changes in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Somatic mutations in only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA and GATA3) occurred at >10% incidence across all breast cancers.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
nle05224  Breast cancer
nle05224

Organism
Nomascus leucogenys (northern white-cheeked gibbon) [GN:nle]
Gene
100580202  ESR1; estrogen receptor isoform X2 [KO:K08550]
100595169  ESR2; estrogen receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K08551]
100586410  NCOA1; nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09101] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100587426  NCOA3; nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform X7 [KO:K11256] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100585899  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
100586501  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
100585963  SP1; transcription factor Sp1 [KO:K04684]
100605736  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
100589322  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
100605580  PGR; progesterone receptor isoform X1 [KO:K08556]
100587307  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
100604353  WNT4; protein Wnt-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00408]
100599838  TNFSF11; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 isoform X1 [KO:K05473]
100601700  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100603200  FGF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 1 [KO:K18496]
100593123  FGF2; fibroblast growth factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18497]
100588427  FGF18; fibroblast growth factor 18 [KO:K04358]
100598611  FGF8; fibroblast growth factor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
100587475  FGF4; fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358]
100587808  FGF3; fibroblast growth factor 3 [KO:K04358]
100603249  FGF20; fibroblast growth factor 20 [KO:K04358]
100601992  FGF9; fibroblast growth factor 9 [KO:K04358]
100580620  FGF7; fibroblast growth factor 7 [KO:K04358]
100605698  fibroblast growth factor 6 [KO:K04358]
100590822  FGF10; fibroblast growth factor 10 [KO:K04358]
100591900  FGF17; fibroblast growth factor 17 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
100585623  FGF16; fibroblast growth factor 16 [KO:K04358]
100583276  FGF5; fibroblast growth factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
100598059  FGF22; fibroblast growth factor 22 isoform X2 [KO:K04358]
100606867  FGF19; fibroblast growth factor 19 [KO:K22603]
100590773  FGF21; fibroblast growth factor 21 [KO:K22429]
100605361  FGF23; fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428]
100602423  FGFR1; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100595306  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X3 [KO:K05459]
100593288  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100588963  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor isoform X1 [KO:K04357]
100597255  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100603893  KIT; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit isoform X3 [KO:K05091] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100606068  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06279]
100591489  SHC2; SHC-transforming protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17447]
100589484  SHC3; SHC-transforming protein 3 isoform X3 [KO:K17448]
100591644  SHC4; SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
100588468  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100590165  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
100600495  SOS2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
100595274  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
100593773  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
100592103  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
100595311  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100582848  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100582599  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100579506  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100591827  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100600574  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100584480  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100588218  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100580872  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100584384  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100605788  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100591270  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100599301  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100605147  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
100604331  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100587864  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100587109  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100594291  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100606492  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100593862  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100590989  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
100588659  JAG2; protein jagged-2 isoform X1 [KO:K21635]
100592674  DLL3; delta-like protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K06051]
100606767  DLL1; delta-like protein 1 [KO:K06051]
100587621  DLL4; delta-like protein 4 [KO:K06051]
100602494  NOTCH1; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02599]
100584613  NOTCH2; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K20994]
100590691  NOTCH3; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995]
100600732  NOTCH4; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4 [KO:K20996]
100603131  HES1; transcription factor HES-1 [KO:K06054]
115832989  HES5; transcription factor HES-5 isoform X1 [KO:K06055]
100587093  HEY2; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 2 [KO:K09091]
100580851  HEY1; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K09091]
100602780  HEYL; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K09091]
100582920  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100599083  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
100590797  NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K04469]
100607954  WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b isoform X2 [KO:K00182]
100600353  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
100606846  WNT3A; protein Wnt-3a isoform X2 [KO:K00312]
100599381  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
100602014  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a [KO:K00444]
100596686  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
100606818  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
100579580  WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform X1 [KO:K00572]
100593900  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
100586052  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform X2 [KO:K00714]
100603238  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
100606502  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
100602760  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b isoform X1 [KO:K01064]
100607164  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
100587640  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
100594864  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 [KO:K01384]
100605294  WNT16; protein Wnt-16 isoform X1 [KO:K01558]
100597685  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
100605346  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
100580071  FZD2; frizzled-2 [KO:K02235]
100589994  FZD3; frizzled-3 [KO:K02329]
100588311  FZD4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
100589091  FZD5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
100593717  FZD8; frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
100603705  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
100607762  FZD10; frizzled-10 [KO:K02842]
100592375  FZD9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
100586389  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068]
100588313  LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068]
100585595  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353]
100583216  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353]
100593186  DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353]
115834222  FRAT1; proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
100584425  FRAT2; GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 [KO:K03096]
100606885  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
101179424  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
100589482  AXIN2; axin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04385]
100602025  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
100585467  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X3 [KO:K02085]
100583002  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02105]
100595404  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X3 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100585848  CSNK1A1L; casein kinase I [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100595737  TCF7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor 7 [KO:K02620]
100601518  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490]
100605701  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04491]
100593051  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04492]
100583326  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
100593432  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
100583800  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
115830865  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
100593013  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
100588483  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X1 [KO:K14021]
100605065  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10140]
100598341  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa isoform X1 [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
100594967  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
100602542  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
100588629  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
100601097  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
100583853  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
100594018  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
100580360  BRCA1; breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein [KO:K10605] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100601625  BRCA2; breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein [KO:K08775]
Compound
C00410  Progesterone
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:24649067
  Authors
Zhang MH, Man HT, Zhao XD, Dong N, Ma SL
  Title
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer molecular signatures and therapeutic potentials (Review).
  Journal
Biomed Rep 2:41-52 (2014)
DOI:10.3892/br.2013.187
Reference
PMID:27390604
  Authors
Dai X, Xiang L, Li T, Bai Z
  Title
Cancer Hallmarks, Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes.
  Journal
J Cancer 7:1281-94 (2016)
DOI:10.7150/jca.13141
Reference
PMID:20436504
  Authors
Schnitt SJ
  Title
Classification and prognosis of invasive breast cancer: from morphology to molecular taxonomy.
  Journal
Mod Pathol 23 Suppl 2:S60-4 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/modpathol.2010.33
Reference
PMID:23000897
  Authors
  Title
Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours.
  Journal
Nature 490:61-70 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11412
Reference
PMID:22178455
  Authors
Eroles P, Bosch A, Perez-Fidalgo JA, Lluch A
  Title
Molecular biology in breast cancer: intrinsic subtypes and signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Treat Rev 38:698-707 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.11.005
Reference
  Authors
Karamouzis MV, Papavassiliou KA, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG.
  Title
Targeting androgen/estrogen receptors crosstalk in cancer
  Journal
Trends Cancer 2:35-48 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.trecan.2015.12.001
Reference
  Authors
Sharp A, Harper-Wynne C.
  Title
Treatment of advanced breast cancer (ABC): the expanding landscape of targeted therapies
  Journal
J Cancer Biol Res 2:1036 (2014)
Reference
PMID:24596345
  Authors
Byler S, Goldgar S, Heerboth S, Leary M, Housman G, Moulton K, Sarkar S
  Title
Genetic and epigenetic aspects of breast cancer progression and therapy.
  Journal
Anticancer Res 34:1071-7 (2014)
Reference
PMID:23988612
  Authors
Mohamed A, Krajewski K, Cakar B, Ma CX
  Title
Targeted therapy for breast cancer.
  Journal
Am J Pathol 183:1096-112 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.005
Reference
PMID:22722193
  Authors
Ellis MJ, Ding L, Shen D, Luo J, Suman VJ, Wallis JW, Van Tine BA, Hoog J, Goiffon RJ, Goldstein TC, Ng S, Lin L, Crowder R, Snider J, Ballman K, Weber J, Chen K, Koboldt DC, Kandoth C, Schierding WS, McMichael JF, Miller CA, Lu C, Harris CC, McLellan MD, Wendl MC, DeSchryver K, Allred DC, Esserman L, Unzeitig G, Margenthaler J, Babiera GV, Marcom PK, Guenther JM, Leitch M, Hunt K, Olson J, Tao Y, Maher CA, Fulton LL, Fulton RS, Harrison M, Oberkfell B, Du F, Demeter R, Vickery TL, Elhammali A, Piwnica-Worms H, McDonald S, Watson M, Dooling DJ, Ota D, Chang LW, Bose R, Ley TJ, Piwnica-Worms D, Stuart JM, Wilson RK, Mardis ER
  Title
Whole-genome analysis informs breast cancer response to aromatase inhibition.
  Journal
Nature 486:353-60 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11143
Reference
PMID:25907219
  Authors
Ma CX, Reinert T, Chmielewska I, Ellis MJ
  Title
Mechanisms of aromatase inhibitor resistance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 15:261-75 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3920
Reference
PMID:16113099
  Authors
Butt AJ, McNeil CM, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL
  Title
Downstream targets of growth factor and oestrogen signalling and endocrine resistance: the potential roles of c-Myc, cyclin D1 and cyclin E.
  Journal
Endocr Relat Cancer 12 Suppl 1:S47-59 (2005)
DOI:10.1677/erc.1.00993
Reference
PMID:24111892
  Authors
Dasgupta S, Lonard DM, O'Malley BW
  Title
Nuclear receptor coactivators: master regulators of human health and disease.
  Journal
Annu Rev Med 65:279-92 (2014)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-med-051812-145316
Reference
PMID:23702927
  Authors
Brisken C
  Title
Progesterone signalling in breast cancer: a neglected hormone coming into the limelight.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 13:385-96 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3518
Reference
PMID:20087430
  Authors
Scarpin KM, Graham JD, Mote PA, Clarke CL
  Title
Progesterone action in human tissues: regulation by progesterone receptor (PR) isoform expression, nuclear positioning and coregulator expression.
  Journal
Nucl Recept Signal 7:e009 (2009)
DOI:10.1621/nrs.07009
Reference
PMID:24291072
  Authors
Knutson TP, Lange CA
  Title
Tracking progesterone receptor-mediated actions in breast cancer.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 142:114-25 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.11.010
Reference
PMID:25544707
  Authors
Dittrich A, Gautrey H, Browell D, Tyson-Capper A
  Title
The HER2 Signaling Network in Breast Cancer--Like a Spider in its Web.
  Journal
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 19:253-70 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s10911-014-9329-5
Reference
PMID:21965336
  Authors
Higgins MJ, Baselga J
  Title
Targeted therapies for breast cancer.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 121:3797-803 (2011)
DOI:10.1172/JCI57152
Reference
PMID:26028978
  Authors
Mukohara T
  Title
PI3K mutations in breast cancer: prognostic and therapeutic implications.
  Journal
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 7:111-23 (2015)
DOI:10.2147/BCTT.S60696
Reference
PMID:19088017
  Authors
Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA
  Title
Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets.
  Journal
Clin Cancer Res 14:8010-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1208
Reference
PMID:21898546
  Authors
King TD, Suto MJ, Li Y
  Title
The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
  Journal
J Cell Biochem 113:13-8 (2012)
DOI:10.1002/jcb.23350
Reference
PMID:11737884
  Authors
Brown AM
  Title
Wnt signaling in breast cancer: have we come full circle?
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res 3:351-5 (2001)
DOI:10.1186/bcr321
Reference
PMID:21076461
  Authors
Geyer FC, Lacroix-Triki M, Savage K, Arnedos M, Lambros MB, MacKay A, Natrajan R, Reis-Filho JS
  Title
beta-Catenin pathway activation in breast cancer is associated with triple-negative phenotype but not with CTNNB1 mutation.
  Journal
Mod Pathol 24:209-31 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/modpathol.2010.205
Reference
PMID:20971825
  Authors
Al-Hussaini H, Subramanyam D, Reedijk M, Sridhar SS
  Title
Notch signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
  Journal
Mol Cancer Ther 10:9-15 (2011)
DOI:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0677
Reference
PMID:26968398
  Authors
Rangel MC, Bertolette D, Castro NP, Klauzinska M, Cuttitta F, Salomon DS
  Title
Developmental signaling pathways regulating mammary stem cells and contributing to the etiology of triple-negative breast cancer.
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res Treat 156:211-26 (2016)
DOI:10.1007/s10549-016-3746-7
Reference
PMID:26040571
  Authors
Jamdade VS, Sethi N, Mundhe NA, Kumar P, Lahkar M, Sinha N
  Title
Therapeutic targets of triple-negative breast cancer: a review.
  Journal
Br J Pharmacol 172:4228-37 (2015)
DOI:10.1111/bph.13211
Reference
PMID:23196196
  Authors
Karamboulas C, Ailles L
  Title
Developmental signaling pathways in cancer stem cells of solid tumors.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1830:2481-95 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.008
Reference
PMID:23881035
  Authors
Ignatiadis M, Sotiriou C
  Title
Luminal breast cancer: from biology to treatment.
  Journal
Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10:494-506 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.124
Reference
PMID:25013431
  Authors
Shin SJ, Gong G, Lee HJ, Kang J, Bae YK, Lee A, Cho EY, Lee JS, Suh KS, Lee DW, Jung WH
  Title
Positive expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor is associated with a positive hormone receptor status and a favorable prognosis in breast cancer.
  Journal
J Breast Cancer 17:113-20 (2014)
DOI:10.4048/jbc.2014.17.2.113
Reference
PMID:11879567
  Authors
Gasco M, Shami S, Crook T
  Title
The p53 pathway in breast cancer.
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res 4:70-6 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/bcr426
Reference
PMID:15343273
  Authors
Narod SA, Foulkes WD
  Title
BRCA1 and BRCA2: 1994 and beyond.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 4:665-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1431
Related
pathway
nle03440  Homologous recombination
nle04010  MAPK signaling pathway
nle04110  Cell cycle
nle04115  p53 signaling pathway
nle04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
nle04310  Wnt signaling pathway
nle04330  Notch signaling pathway
nle04915  Estrogen signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05224   
LinkDB

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