KEGG   PATHWAY: tfn05012
Entry
tfn05012                    Pathway                                
Name
Parkinson disease - Trachypithecus francoisi (Francois's langur)
Description
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
tfn05012  Parkinson disease
tfn05012

Disease
H00057  Parkinson disease
Organism
Trachypithecus francoisi (Francois's langur) [GN:tfn]
Gene
117062068  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
117062157  [KO:K02128]
117062173  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117062240  [KO:K10881]
117062294  RPS27A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
117062340  [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
117062348  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
117062413  [KO:K02270]
117062944  [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
117063629  [KO:K03947]
117063944  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
117063948  [KO:K03957]
117063974  SLC39A6; zinc transporter ZIP6 [KO:K14712]
117064038  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117064141  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117064164  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
117064172  TUBB6; tubulin beta-6 chain [KO:K07375]
117064660  [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
117064675  SDHA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
117064676  [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
117064705  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
117064716  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
117064808  [KO:K07375]
117064943  [KO:K02272]
117065109  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03937]
117065132  [KO:K02272]
117065203  [KO:K03938]
117065373  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
117065429  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117065462  DUSP1; dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
117065600  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
117065757  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
117065838  [KO:K03671]
117065867  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
117065879  [KO:K00418]
117065960  SNCAIP; synphilin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04558]
117066183  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
117066421  UBB; polyubiquitin-B isoform X1 [KO:K04551]
117066612  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
117066659  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
117067078  PSMD3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033]
117067104  [KO:K02272]
117067118  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117067177  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
117067390  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035]
117067424  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
117067435  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03066]
117067543  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 isoform X1 [KO:K03036]
117067730  [KO:K02267]
117067758  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
117067872  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 isoform X1 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117067894  UBE2G1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1 [KO:K10575] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117068009  [KO:K03960]
117068386  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
117068615  [KO:K02263]
117068616  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
117068693  [KO:K02272]
117068778  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
117068997  [KO:K04632]
117069000  [KO:K04632]
117069008  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain [KO:K07375]
117069010  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
117069034  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117069039  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 isoform X1 [KO:K06691]
117069407  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1 [KO:K14715]
117069444  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
117069517  [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117069576  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117069640  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B isoform X1 [KO:K03064]
117069703  [KO:K03963]
117069794  [KO:K03964]
117069813  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 isoform X1 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117069878  [KO:K02183]
117069984  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 isoform X1 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117070068  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
117070318  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 isoform X1 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117070355  [KO:K02264]
117070400  [KO:K02127]
117070455  CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
117070827  [KO:K02183]
117070928  [KO:K02272]
117070977  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117071124  RYR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
117071177  [KO:K02136]
117071184  [KO:K03959]
117071291  [KO:K03960]
117071314  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
117071315  HSPA5; endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP [KO:K09490] [EC:3.6.4.10]
117071500  [KO:K02273]
117071524  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
117071553  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
117071556  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03062]
117071608  [KO:K02272]
117072292  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
117072298  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
117072332  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
117072476  [KO:K02272]
117072525  [KO:K08738]
117072581  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
117072720  [KO:K07374]
117072825  [KO:K08738]
117072855  GPR37; prosaposin receptor GPR37 [KO:K04243]
117073003  [KO:K02263]
117073224  PSMC2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03061]
117073263  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117073294  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
117073301  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
117073575  [KO:K08770]
117073751  [KO:K07374]
117074192  [KO:K02977]
117074342  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00236]
117074523  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117074655  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
117074672  PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K03029]
117074969  [KO:K00236]
117074996  [KO:K02127]
117075132  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
117075139  [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
117075209  [KO:K03938]
117075323  [KO:K00420]
117075478  [KO:K07375]
117075517  [KO:K03956]
117075518  [KO:K03956]
117075699  SLC39A3; zinc transporter ZIP3 [KO:K14709]
117075702  [KO:K02128]
117075723  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 isoform X1 [KO:K03956]
117075732  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 isoform X1 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117075856  [KO:K02126]
117075878  [KO:K02126]
117075932  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117075959  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
117076037  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02127]
117076186  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
117076189  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
117076190  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
117076222  [KO:K03671]
117076305  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
117076373  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117076376  ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K09054]
117076644  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 isoform X1 [KO:K11353]
117076663  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117076742  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
117076746  [KO:K02271]
117076830  [KO:K03949]
117077276  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
117077302  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
117077312  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
117077366  [KO:K02272]
117077522  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
117077670  [KO:K03948]
117077892  [KO:K02272]
117077936  [KO:K05863]
117077947  [KO:K02272]
117078078  [KO:K02270]
117078337  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
117078381  UBA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
117078522  [KO:K02271]
117078767  SLC39A4; zinc transporter ZIP4 isoform X1 [KO:K14710]
117078869  [KO:K02268]
117078921  [KO:K08738]
117078953  [KO:K08738]
117079026  ADORA2A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenosine receptor A2a [KO:K04266]
117079196  [KO:K03959]
117079239  [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
117079278  [KO:K07375]
117079304  [KO:K00413]
117079397  [KO:K00417]
117079542  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
117079553  [KO:K02183]
117079590  [KO:K02927]
117079805  UBE2L6; ubiquitin/ISG15-conjugating enzyme E2 L6 isoform X1 [KO:K04553] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117079868  [KO:K08738]
117079974  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
117080186  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117080264  [KO:K02977]
117080413  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
117080414  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X1 [KO:K14719]
117080458  [KO:K03061]
117080478  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 [KO:K10407]
117080679  [KO:K02272]
117080718  [KO:K08738]
117080779  [KO:K03062]
117080907  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor [KO:K04145]
117080933  [KO:K00414]
117080942  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117081005  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117081060  [KO:K02273]
117081144  TH; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
117081344  [KO:K02266]
117081555  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117081557  [KO:K08738]
117081580  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 isoform X1 [KO:K03039]
117081585  [KO:K02273]
117081595  UBA7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 isoform X1 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.2.1.45]
117081788  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
117081990  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
117082093  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
117082197  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
117082198  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
117082220  [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117082240  [KO:K02128]
117082326  [KO:K03948]
117082443  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 [KO:K07374]
117082460  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 [KO:K14718]
117082510  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
117082738  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
117082746  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15040]
117082784  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
117082864  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117083033  [KO:K08738]
117083084  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03037]
117083173  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
117083313  [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
117083400  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
117083450  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
117083765  MFN1; mitofusin-1 [KO:K21356] [EC:3.6.5.-]
117083769  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03961]
117083822  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
117084391  [KO:K03949]
117084440  [KO:K03960]
117084476  [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117084498  [KO:K07375]
117084835  [KO:K07374]
117084864  [KO:K02272]
117085311  UCHL1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
117085362  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117085388  [KO:K02138]
117085400  [KO:K02265]
117085442  [KO:K03671]
117085655  [KO:K02271]
117085673  [KO:K02927]
117085676  SNCA; alpha-synuclein isoform X1 [KO:K04528]
117085709  SLC39A8; zinc transporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
117085812  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
117085890  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05863]
117085925  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
117086072  [KO:K11351]
117086196  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
117086204  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
117086238  [KO:K07375]
117086624  TUBB2A; tubulin beta-2A chain [KO:K07375]
117087031  SLC39A7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 [KO:K14713]
117087045  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
117087057  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
117087240  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
117087463  [KO:K02270]
117087492  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
117087515  [KO:K00415]
117087546  [KO:K07374]
117087581  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau isoform X1 [KO:K04380]
117087695  [KO:K03947]
117087707  [KO:K02266]
117087739  [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117087768  [KO:K02977]
117087884  [KO:K02137]
117087981  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
117088075  [KO:K02927]
117088155  [KO:K02263]
117088263  [KO:K07375]
117088384  TUBB; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
117088583  [KO:K10407]
117088659  [KO:K02272]
117089196  UBC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
117089263  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693]
117089300  [KO:K02266]
117089559  [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117089565  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
117089604  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 isoform X1 [KO:K11352]
117089611  [KO:K03945]
117089867  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
117089884  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein isoform X1 [KO:K04452]
117089896  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
117089918  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
117089940  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 [KO:K14711]
117090028  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128]
117090124  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21398]
117090172  [KO:K07374]
117090173  TUBA1C; tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
117090175  [KO:K07374]
117090280  LRRK2; leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117090367  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
117090671  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953]
117091396  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
117091446  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
117091541  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
117091738  [KO:K02267]
117092025  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
117092158  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117092160  [KO:K03671]
117092233  [KO:K03948]
117092255  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
117092366  [KO:K02267]
117092474  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
117092536  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
117092657  [KO:K00416]
117092766  [KO:K00236]
117092829  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03938]
117092877  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
117092898  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117093177  SLC39A14; zinc transporter ZIP14 isoform X1 [KO:K14720]
117093179  [KO:K02272]
117093184  PINK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117093237  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
117093253  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
117093304  MFN2; mitofusin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K06030] [EC:3.6.5.-]
117093379  PARK7; protein/nucleic acid deglycase DJ-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
117093380  [KO:K08738]
117093478  UBE2J2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2 isoform X1 [KO:K04554] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117093644  [KO:K03955]
117093658  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03947]
117093839  [KO:K02272]
117093967  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
117094305  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03954]
117094392  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
117094495  [KO:K07374]
117094614  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
117094699  SLC39A10; zinc transporter ZIP10 isoform X1 [KO:K14716]
117094810  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05638]
117094831  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
117094952  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 [KO:K03030]
117095022  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
117095055  [KO:K02137]
117095064  [KO:K02183]
117095227  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
117095317  [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117095320  [KO:K03948]
117095431  [KO:K02272]
117095627  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
117095682  [KO:K03062]
117095687  SOD1; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
117095688  [KO:K00417]
117095701  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
117095725  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
117095749  [KO:K02270]
117095835  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944]
117095960  TXN2; thioredoxin, mitochondrial [KO:K03671]
117096024  UBE2G2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G2 isoform X1 [KO:K04555] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117096036  SEPTIN5; septin-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04557]
117096062  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
117096137  XBP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
117096163  [KO:K00419]
117096387  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
117096463  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
117096477  [KO:K02265]
117096542  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 [KO:K14709]
117096643  UBE2L3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 isoform X1 [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117096655  [KO:K03946]
117096842  [KO:K08738]
117096846  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
117096908  PRKN; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin isoform X1 [KO:K04556] [EC:2.3.2.31]
117097078  UBE2J1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1 isoform X1 [KO:K10578] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117097361  [KO:K03949]
117097478  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
117097727  TRAP1; heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial [KO:K09488]
117097828  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
117097957  [KO:K08738]
117098307  [KO:K05862]
117098492  [KO:K08738]
117098498  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117098684  [KO:K03037]
117098709  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962]
117098726  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03952]
117098849  TXN; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
117099095  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
117099374  [KO:K07375]
117099609  [KO:K02265]
117099658  [KO:K02977]
117099787  [KO:K02128]
18985073  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985074  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
18985075  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
18985076  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
18985077  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
18985078  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
18985079  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985080  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985081  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985082  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985083  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
18985084  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
18985085  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00013  Diphosphate
C00020  AMP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00034  Manganese
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00212  Adenosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
C04043  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C04599  1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593  Rotenone
C11310  1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C14701  Paraquat
C15231  Maneb
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C17755  Dopamine quinone
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
Reference
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Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)
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Reference
PMID:12938733
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Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease: clues from Mendelian syndromes.
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Reference
PMID:26501339
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Biomolecules 5:2675-700 (2015)
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Lim KL, Tan JM
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BMC Biochem 8 Suppl 1:S13 (2007)
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Reference
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Reference
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Neuropharmacology 45:1-13 (2003)
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Reference
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Nat Med 16:653-61 (2010)
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Reference
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Reference
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Trends Mol Med 15:89-100 (2009)
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Reference
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The role of Ca(2+) signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Reference
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Mitochondrial calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.
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Neurosci Lett 663:86-90 (2018)
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Reference
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Parkin deficiency disrupts calcium homeostasis by modulating phospholipase C signalling.
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FEBS J 276:5041-52 (2009)
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  Authors
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An ERcentric view of Parkinson's disease.
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Trends Mol Med 19:165-75 (2013)
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Reference
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  Authors
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ER stress and Parkinson's disease: Pathological inputs that converge into the secretory pathway.
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Brain Res 1648:626-632 (2016)
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Reference
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Eur J Pharmacol 765:154-6 (2015)
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Reference
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Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.
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Nutr Neurosci 1-16 (2019)
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Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 129:898-915 (2014)
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Reference
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  Authors
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The interplay between parkin and alpha-synuclein; possible implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Neural Regen Res 10:1225-7 (2015)
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Neurochem Res 43:2212-2223 (2018)
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Reference
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Reference
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Related
pathway
tfn00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
tfn00350  Tyrosine metabolism
tfn03050  Proteasome
tfn04020  Calcium signaling pathway
tfn04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
tfn04137  Mitophagy - animal
tfn04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
tfn04210  Apoptosis
tfn04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05012   

DBGET integrated database retrieval system