KEGG   PATHWAY: bfo04140
Entry
bfo04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Branchiostoma floridae (Florida lancelet)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
bfo04140  Autophagy - animal
bfo04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Branchiostoma floridae (Florida lancelet) [GN:bfo]
Gene
118404526  insulin receptor substrate 1-B-like isoform X1 [KO:K16172]
118430307  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118430400  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118432571  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118428892  3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118412491  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase-like isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118411114  phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN-like isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
118413193  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
118430016  GTPase HRas [KO:K07828]
118412688  ras-like protein rasG [KO:K07831]
118424176  ras-related protein M-Ras-like [KO:K07831]
118406358  ras-related protein R-Ras2-like [KO:K07830]
118408739  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1-like [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118425949  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118417153  hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha-like [KO:K08268]
118428499  tuberin-like [KO:K07207]
118420790  hamartin-like [KO:K07206]
118413284  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K15464]
118422947  GTP-binding protein Rheb-like [KO:K07208]
118429076  regulatory-associated protein of mTOR-like [KO:K07204]
118429203  DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like [KO:K20402]
118430523  serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR-like isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118412296  uncharacterized protein LOC118412296 [KO:K16184]
118429712  target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8-like [KO:K08266]
118425804  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1-like [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118428157  immunoglobulin-binding protein 1-like [KO:K17606]
118411223  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
118403708  autophagy-related protein 13-like [KO:K08331]
118409822  RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
118413818  autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B-like isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
118428714  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
118414643  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
118429463  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3-like [KO:K22991]
118424165  autophagy-related protein 9A-like [KO:K17907]
118418867  transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
118408047  uncharacterized protein LOC118408047 [KO:K23611]
118405904  WD repeat-containing protein 41-like [KO:K23610]
118432310  guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72-like [KO:K23609]
118411962  ras-related protein Rab-8A-like isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
118411200  ras and EF-hand domain-containing protein homolog [KO:K07901]
118417245  ras-like GTP-binding protein RYL1 isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
118408493  ras-related protein Rab-39B-like [KO:K07925]
118419585  sequestosome-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
118406958  serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1-like [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118428072  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon-like [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118419172  ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
118427437  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
118404226  ras-related GTP-binding protein C-like isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
118432534  serine/threonine-protein kinase stk11-like [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118431728  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2-like isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
118431338  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
118416645  protein kinase C delta type-like [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118411418  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8-like isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118424156  apoptosis regulator R1-like [KO:K04570]
118428857  anti-apoptotic protein NR13-like [KO:K04570]
118429449  bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
118405840  beclin-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
118403778  nuclear receptor-binding factor 2-like [KO:K21246]
118430302  phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118409779  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3-like [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
118416263  beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator-like isoform X1 [KO:K17889]
118414217  activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
118414689  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-B-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
118426473  vacuole membrane protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
118405452  syntaxin-17-like [KO:K08491]
118427727  protein Tube-like [KO:K21249]
118428041  UV radiation resistance-associated protein-like [KO:K21249]
118415137  run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
118408988  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2-like [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
118423204  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7-like isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118418587  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1-like [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
118415973  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-like [KO:K04958]
118416371  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416372  death-associated protein kinase dapk-1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416377  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416378  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416123  death-associated protein kinase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416325  death-associated protein kinase dapk-1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118403530  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118407594  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118407683  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118407684  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118407687  death-associated protein kinase dapk-1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118407689  uncharacterized protein LOC118407689 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118408943  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118408944  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118410191  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118416596  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118417375  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118417377  uncharacterized protein LOC118417377 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118427058  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118418686  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118430777  death-associated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118409008  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3-like [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118420962  eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2-like isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118410129  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1-like [KO:K03237]
118425471  myotubularin-related protein 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
118415882  myotubularin-related protein 14-like isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
118420436  zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
118411982  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
118423270  autophagy protein 5-like isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
118427381  autophagy-related protein 16-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
118415392  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
118432047  ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
118427776  ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
118419737  putative Ras-related protein Rab-33 [KO:K07920]
118417760  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
118430666  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
118413780  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
118417029  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A-like [KO:K10435]
118427414  cysteine protease ATG4A-like isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118431789  cysteine protease ATG4D-like [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118406101  next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
118406102  next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
118403141  tax1-binding protein 1 homolog [KO:K21347]
118412670  WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
118418871  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
118411343  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
118409505  polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
118407436  polyubiquitin 11-like [KO:K08770]
118419135  polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
118423085  polyubiquitin-B-like [KO:K08770]
118423582  synaptosomal-associated protein 29-like [KO:K08509]
118414537  synaptobrevin homolog YKT6-like [KO:K08516]
118413113  ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
118429890  uncharacterized protein LOC118429890 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
118404162  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
118427888  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
118419574  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
118426055  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A-like [KO:K20182]
118425715  vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
118424721  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
118421179  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6-like [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
118405344  Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
118408968  ras-related protein Rab-7a-like [KO:K07897]
118411121  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118411123  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118411342  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118426854  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118427310  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118411167  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1-like [KO:K06528]
118414060  lysosomal aspartic protease-like isoform X1 [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
118407207  lysosomal aspartic protease-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
118410421  lysosomal aspartic protease-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
118411258  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
118406160  digestive cysteine proteinase 1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118406260  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422182  oryzain alpha chain-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422401  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422574  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422575  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422576  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422580  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422581  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118422582  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
118404562  cathepsin B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
bfo04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
bfo04142  Lysosome
bfo04150  mTOR signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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