Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Castor canadensis (American beaver)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Castor canadensis (American beaver) [GN:
ccan ]
Gene
109674647 Acap1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
109679582 Psd3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
109681154 Acap3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
109681186 Vps45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
109681337 Arap3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
109681403 Iqsec1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
109681879 Rab11fip1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12484 ]
109682366 Vps29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
109682371 Vps35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
109682643 Psd4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
109683092 Ldlrap1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
109683429 Arpc5l; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K05754 ]
109683536 Vps37b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
109683762 Git1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1 [KO:K05737 ]
109683879 Ap2a1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 [KO:K11824 ]
109684604 Asap3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
109685213 Rab11fip4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 4 [KO:K12485 ]
109685223 Vps26a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
109686253 Agap2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
109686551 Arap1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
109687339 Vps25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
109687478 Capzb; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
109687681 Vps37c; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
109688128 Washc5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WASH complex subunit strumpellin [KO:K18464 ]
109688571 Asap1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
109688752 Smap1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
109689063 Eps15l1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
109689401 Rabep1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
109689838 Wipf1; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
109690530 Arfgef2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
109690611 Il2ra; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha [KO:K05068 ]
109691182 Vps28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12184 ]
109691271 Pard6a; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
109691302 Psd; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
109691305 Gbf1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
109691578 Smap2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
109692527 Ldlr; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: low-density lipoprotein receptor [KO:K12473 ]
109692754 Chmp1a; charged multivesicular body protein 1a isoform X1 [KO:K12197 ]
109692778 Acap2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
109692845 Arfgap1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
109693114 Arfgap3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
109693692 Pard6b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: partitioning defective 6 homolog beta [KO:K06093 ]
109693755 Vps4b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
109693768 Vps4a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
109694406 Zfyve16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
109694414 Wipf2; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
109694439 Agap3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
109694617 Iqsec3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495 ]
109694639 Rab11fip3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
109695622 Mvb12a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: multivesicular body subunit 12A [KO:K12186 ]
109695712 Vps36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
109695937 Asap2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
109696194 Arfgap2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
109696360 Rab11fip5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 5 [KO:K12484 ]
109697110 Washc1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WAS protein family homolog 1 [KO:K18461 ]
109697400 Stam; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
109697638 Vps37d; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
109698041 Vps37a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
109698250 Il2rb; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
109698810 Vps26b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
109698917 Rab11fip2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
109699110 Bin1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
109699268 Arfgef1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
109699321 Dnajc6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
109700779 Vta1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
109701045 Capza3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-3 [KO:K10364 ]
109701210 Rufy2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
109701514 Smad3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
109702480 Hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
ccan04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
ccan04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
ccan04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway