KEGG   PATHWAY: mcf04140
Entry
mcf04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
mcf04140  Autophagy - animal
mcf04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque) [GN:mcf]
Gene
102133184  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
102130142  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102117978  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
102122241  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
102128819  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
102143464  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102142026  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102122725  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102137291  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101866246  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
102124804  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101866379  3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102144461  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102142406  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102132744  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101867036  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X2 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
102118744  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
102131483  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
102137913  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101865297  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
102131991  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
102143296  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
102125312  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102141214  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102140855  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102145011  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102116996  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101866092  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
101866790  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
102140628  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
102124229  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
102116967  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
102127243  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
102116460  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
102124257  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402]
102128371  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102139860  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
102147013  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
101925564  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X3 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102134845  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102129949  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
123573002  immunoglobulin-binding protein 1-like [KO:K17606]
102135819  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: immunoglobulin-binding protein 1-like [KO:K17606]
102137928  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101864925  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102141167  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101925926  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101865971  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
102115595  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
101866278  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
102126180  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
102131140  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X2 [KO:K17906]
101865895  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
102118159  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
102130696  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
101866238  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
102145270  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
102143533  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
101866501  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
102118084  putative transcription factor SPT20 homolog-like 2 [KO:K21245]
102118453  putative transcription factor SPT20 homolog-like 2 [KO:K21245]
102121961  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
101926151  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
102114909  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
102139595  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
102131511  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
102144942  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
102144774  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X2 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102128025  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
102118605  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A isoform X1 [KO:K07874]
102128653  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rab-1A-like [KO:K07874]
101865293  RRAGB; ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X1 [KO:K16185]
101865186  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
102146355  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
102121350  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D isoform X2 [KO:K16186]
102143615  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X3 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102143726  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
102144683  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
102117414  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102142443  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101926461  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X4 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102136158  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102118497  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102126339  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102121272  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102138212  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X2 [KO:K02161]
102140222  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
102121921  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
102115402  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
101867267  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
102145866  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
102140446  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102136293  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
102116936  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
101925989  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
102128596  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102123504  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
101866640  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
101926569  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
102129478  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X2 [KO:K21249]
101926561  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
101865638  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
101866264  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
102140498  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
102116193  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
101865389  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
102133584  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102114785  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102138834  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101865000  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
102133926  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: high mobility group protein B1-like [KO:K10802]
102142094  high mobility group protein B1-like [KO:K10802]
102135996  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: high mobility group protein B1-like [KO:K10802]
102140502  high mobility group protein B1-like [KO:K10802]
102131596  PRAP1; proline-rich acidic protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21250]
102117377  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102132060  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101925386  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
102134403  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
102130837  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X5 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
102143610  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
101925090  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
101926388  ATG12; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
102125971  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K08339]
102117153  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
101926216  ATG16L2; protein Atg16l2 isoform X1 [KO:K20868]
101926188  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
101926563  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X1 [KO:K17888]
102143613  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform X1 [KO:K08343]
101867183  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
102137638  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
102125438  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102145217  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
101925587  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X2 [KO:K08341]
101864971  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
102122168  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like [KO:K08341]
101926715  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A isoform X2 [KO:K10435]
102147181  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
101925226  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B isoform X2 [KO:K10435]
102146106  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
102133082  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B-like [KO:K10435]
101925212  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X2 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102115766  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102123792  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X2 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
101926219  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
102118025  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
102122718  OPTN; optineurin isoform X3 [KO:K19946]
101865725  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
101925628  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
102114866  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
102117118  ubiquitin-like [KO:K02927]
102115834  ubiquitin-like [KO:K02927]
101866252  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 isoform X2 [KO:K02927]
102136294  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40-like [KO:K02927]
102142514  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
101864869  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
102146874  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a-like [KO:K02977]
102141400  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a-like [KO:K02977]
102123991  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a-like [KO:K02977]
101926775  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
102143130  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
102122257  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
102115772  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
102126623  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 isoform X1 [KO:K08516]
102146669  synaptobrevin homolog YKT6-like [KO:K08516]
101867315  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
102125180  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
102147089  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
102126928  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
102126359  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
101926226  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
101926604  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X2 [KO:K20182]
102146451  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
102126362  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
102140795  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X7 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
101926731  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
102125810  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
102143515  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
102137760  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b isoform X4 [KO:K07898]
101867227  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
102119735  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
102125635  CTSD; cathepsin D isoform X1 [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
102116556  CTSL; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
102118013  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative inactive cathepsin L-like protein CTSL3P [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
102123755  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101865017  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
mcf04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mcf04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
mcf04142  Lysosome
mcf04150  mTOR signaling pathway
mcf04152  AMPK signaling pathway
mcf04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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