KEGG   PATHWAY: mpuf04140
Entry
mpuf04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Mustela putorius furo (domestic ferret)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
mpuf04140  Autophagy - animal
mpuf04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Mustela putorius furo (domestic ferret) [GN:mpuf]
Gene
101669888  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
101670064  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
101670214  EIF2AK4; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101670471  STX7; syntaxin-7 isoform X2 [KO:K08488]
101670526  SMCR8; Smith-Magenis syndrome chromosomal region candidate gene 8 protein [KO:K23611]
101670633  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101671073  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101671264  [KO:K17445]
101671550  RRAGB; ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X2 [KO:K16185]
101671650  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101671735  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
101672072  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101672281  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348]
101672308  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
101672543  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X2 [KO:K17888]
101672817  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
101672818  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101673105  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101673117  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
101673152  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
101673154  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K20180]
101673161  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
101673211  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
101673367  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
101673526  [KO:K04551]
101674158  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101674222  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
101674297  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
101674575  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X2 [KO:K17906]
101674798  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
101675054  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
101675130  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101675356  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
101675498  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
101675535  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
101675551  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
101675688  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
101675711  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
101675872  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
101675999  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
101676051  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X3 [KO:K20184]
101676115  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
101676245  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101676350  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 [KO:K21347]
101676423  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101676567  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101676578  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
101676683  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101676700  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
101676831  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform X1 [KO:K08343]
101676895  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101676992  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101677130  [KO:K21245]
101677149  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
101677344  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
101677354  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101677355  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
101677390  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101677408  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X4 [KO:K26797]
101677619  [KO:K08343]
101677630  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
101677712  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
101677799  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
101678145  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X4 [KO:K11248]
101678198  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
101678743  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101678878  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
101679066  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
101679190  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101679455  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
101679500  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
101679553  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
101679604  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
101679748  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101679776  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101680131  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17446]
101680136  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
101680399  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101680537  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
101680590  [KO:K04551]
101680757  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K08334]
101680892  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]
101680975  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101680997  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
101681017  ATG16L2; autophagy-related protein 16-2 isoform X1 [KO:K20868]
101681214  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
101681308  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
101681333  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X3 [KO:K07827]
101681349  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101681355  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
101681398  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
101681569  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
101681650  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101681935  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101681986  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101682314  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
101682361  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101682377  ULK2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101682439  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
101682696  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
101682698  [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101682931  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
101683038  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101683056  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
101683323  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
101683422  ATG4B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
101683594  [KO:K02649]
101683710  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101684024  OPTN; optineurin [KO:K19946]
101684048  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
101684443  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101684646  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
101684695  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
101684928  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
101685477  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
101685695  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
101685795  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X3 [KO:K22991]
101686024  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 isoform X1 [KO:K08516]
101686122  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
101686213  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
101686427  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
101686468  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b isoform X1 [KO:K07898]
101686535  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
101686539  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
101686572  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type isoform X2 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101686879  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X3 [KO:K08337]
101686900  [KO:K02927]
101687213  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101687324  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101687406  [KO:K10802]
101687641  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
101687698  CTSV; cathepsin L2 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101687732  [KO:K23609]
101687795  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
101687891  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K04551]
101687916  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
101687944  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
101688151  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
101688244  KIAA0226; run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
101688271  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
101688427  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
101688623  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
101689279  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
101689378  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
101689747  EIF2AK3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101689809  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
101690073  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
101690172  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101690330  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
101690482  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101690754  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
101691114  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
101691222  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
101691252  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
101691506  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101691773  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
101692151  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
101692433  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
101692436  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101692556  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
101692645  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
101692698  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
101692879  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
101693154  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
101693231  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
101694085  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
101694438  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
mpuf04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mpuf04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
mpuf04142  Lysosome
mpuf04150  mTOR signaling pathway
mpuf04152  AMPK signaling pathway
mpuf04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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