PATHWAY: hgl04144 Help
Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Heterocephalus glaber (naked mole-rat)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Heterocephalus glaber (naked mole-rat) [GN:
hgl ]
Gene
101719967 Ap2a2; adaptor related protein complex 2 alpha 2 subunit [KO:K11824 ]
101715441 Ap2a1; adaptor related protein complex 2 alpha 1 subunit [KO:K11824 ]
101709272 Ap2b1; adaptor related protein complex 2 beta 1 subunit [KO:K11825 ]
101716647 Ap2m1; adaptor related protein complex 2 mu 1 subunit [KO:K11826 ]
101719710 Ap2s1; adaptor related protein complex 2 sigma 1 subunit [KO:K11827 ]
101717745 Sh3kbp1; SH3 domain containing kinase binding protein 1 [KO:K12470 ]
101718387 Sh3gl2; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 2, endophilin A1 [KO:K11247 ]
101708553 Sh3gl3; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 3, endophilin A3 [KO:K11247 ]
101700266 Sh3gl1; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 1, endophilin A2 [KO:K11247 ]
101708379 Sh3glb1; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like endophilin B1 [KO:K11248 ]
101710203 Sh3glb2; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like endophilin B2 [KO:K21269 ]
101702336 Eps15l1; epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 like 1 [KO:K12472 ]
101718798 Eps15; epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 [KO:K12472 ]
101712885 Nedd4; neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase [KO:K10591 ] [EC:2.3.2.26 ]
101715398 Nedd4l; neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4-like, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase [KO:K13305 ] [EC:2.3.2.26 ]
101699111 Ldlrap1; low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1 [KO:K12474 ]
101716608 Arpc5l; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 like [KO:K05754 ]
101707904 Dnajc6; DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C6 [KO:K09526 ]
101708755 Capza3; capping actin protein of muscle Z-line alpha subunit 3 [KO:K10364 ]
101702218 Capza1; capping actin protein of muscle Z-line alpha subunit 1 [KO:K10364 ]
101725379 Capza2; capping actin protein of muscle Z-line alpha subunit 2 [KO:K10364 ]
101706752 Capzb; capping actin protein of muscle Z-line beta subunit [KO:K10365 ]
101706323 Hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
101715183 Vps37b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
101696663 Spg21; spastic paraplegia 21 (autosomal recessive, Mast syndrome) [KO:K19367 ]
101721592 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0102 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101696551 Rabep1; rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1 [KO:K12480 ]
101698673 Asap1; ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 [KO:K12488 ]
101710691 Asap3; ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 [KO:K12488 ]
101721882 Asap2; ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2 [KO:K12488 ]
101723627 Acap2; ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 2 [KO:K12489 ]
101718492 Acap1; ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 1 [KO:K12489 ]
101718770 Acap3; ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 3 [KO:K12489 ]
101724042 Arap1; ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 [KO:K18439 ]
101709490 Arap2; ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2 [KO:K18440 ]
101709044 Arap3; ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 [KO:K12490 ]
101706435 Agap3; ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 [KO:K12491 ]
101714494 Agap1; ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 [KO:K12491 ]
101702971 Agap2; ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2 [KO:K17848 ]
101712809 Arfgap1; ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1 [KO:K12492 ]
101717408 Arfgap3; ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
101717089 Arfgap2; ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 2 [KO:K12493 ]
101698432 Arfgef1; ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K18442 ]
101706311 Arfgef2; ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 [KO:K18442 ]
101712137 Gbf1; golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
hgl04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hgl04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
hgl04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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