Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Leucoraja erinacea (little skate)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Leucoraja erinacea (little skate) [GN:
leri ]
Gene
129694468 zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16-like isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
129711150 smad2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
129702862 sh3kbp1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
129711231 eps15l1a; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
129700939 eps15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
129709764 ldlrap1b; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1b isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
129697212 si:dkey-71h2.2; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-B isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
129694254 si:dkey-19b23.8; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-A [KO:K12474 ]
129710841 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: C-C chemokine receptor type 4-like [KO:K04180 ]
129706657 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A-B isoform X1 [KO:K05757 ]
129704798 actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05755 ]
129711862 arpc5lb; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 5-like, b [KO:K05754 ]
129710167 wipf2b; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2b isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
129701093 dnajc6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
129711513 capzb; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
129709420 vps29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 [KO:K18467 ]
129704288 vps26a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
129705000 vps35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
129708195 hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
129707725 signal transducing adapter molecule 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
129705657 vps28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12184 ]
129697169 vps37a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
129710753 vps37d; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
129698366 vps36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
129710266 vps25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
129707333 chmp4ba; charged multivesicular body protein 4b isoform X1 [KO:K12194 ]
129696376 charged multivesicular body protein 4b-like isoform X1 [KO:K24782 ]
129705418 charged multivesicular body protein 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K12193 ]
129713147 chmp7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: charged multivesicular body protein 7 [KO:K15053 ]
129699414 vta1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
129696180 pdcd6ip; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
129699544 igf2r; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
129693670 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
129693831 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
129694076 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
129715938 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
129715939 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like [KO:K06751 ]
129716033 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
129709834 rab5aa; RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family, a isoform X1 [KO:K07887 ]
129710664 rabep1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
129704282 rufy2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
129706874 rab11fip3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
129708495 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 4-like [KO:K12485 ]
129705081 pard6a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha [KO:K06093 ]
129708562 pard6gb; par-6 family cell polarity regulator gamma b [KO:K06093 ]
129711436 cdc42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
129709639 smap2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
129696922 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: stromal membrane-associated protein 1-like [KO:K12486 ]
129709179 git2a; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2a isoform X1 [KO:K12487 ]
129709853 arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12488 ]
129696711 arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
129697072 asap2a; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2a isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
129707330 unm_sa1614; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
129703610 arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
129711540 acap3b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3b [KO:K12489 ]
129694237 acap1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
129698667 arap2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
129701500 arap3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
129696094 agap3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12491 ]
129698949 agap1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
129714769 arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
129707503 arfgap1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
129706114 arfgap2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
129712929 PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
129706087 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12495 ]
129704825 iqsec1b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
129696480 arfgef1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
129707489 brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
129712967 gbf1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
leri04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
leri04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
leri04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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