KEGG   PATHWAY: hmh04371
Entry
hmh04371                    Pathway                                
Name
Apelin signaling pathway - Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon)
Description
Apelin is an endogenous peptide capable of binding the apelin receptor (APJ), which was originally described as an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Apelin and APJ are widely expressed in various tissues and organ systems. They are implicated in different key physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cardiovascular functions, cell proliferation and energy metabolism regulation. On the other hand, this ligand receptor couple is also involved in several pathologies including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
hmh04371  Apelin signaling pathway
hmh04371

Other DBs
GO: 0060183
Organism
Hylobates moloch (silvery gibbon) [GN:hmh]
Gene
116812469  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116457100  ADCY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116480405  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116484980  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116466852  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116461805  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116471246  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116813595  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116462297  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X2 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116473278  ADCY10; adenylate cyclase type 10 isoform X4 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
116458418  PRKACG; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
116469844  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
116478588  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
116480602  LIPE; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
116812028  APLN; apelin [KO:K05225]
116480282  APELA; apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [KO:K25355]
116468790  APLNR; apelin receptor [KO:K04174]
116469652  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
116464223  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
116464225  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
116814165  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
116812793  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
116463853  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04537]
116463857  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04537]
116472600  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
116481481  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
116484566  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X3 [KO:K07826]
116468899  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
116457634  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
116476763  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
116457866  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
116469841  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
116811956  GNG5B; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5B [KO:K04542]
116477213  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
116483152  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
116478306  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544]
116475542  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
116814102  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
116469917  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
116462301  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
116814103  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
116474673  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
116475178  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
116468938  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116461202  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116461370  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116481969  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X6 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
116466681  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
116472793  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
116459671  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
116480045  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1 [KO:K04961]
116458053  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X6 [KO:K04962]
116482617  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
116467516  uncharacterized protein LOC116467516 [KO:K02183]
116485193  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K02183]
116478308  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
116482339  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
116813883  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
116483146  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
116466871  calmodulin-1-like [KO:K02183]
116474613  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
116474621  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
116477857  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
116474634  NOS2; nitric oxide synthase, inducible [KO:K13241] [EC:1.14.13.39]
116814534  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
116483166  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
116813140  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
116484728  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
116464198  sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
116464199  sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
116483403  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 [KO:K05849]
116459824  MYLK4; myosin light chain kinase family member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
116460949  MYLK2; myosin light chain kinase 2, skeletal/cardiac muscle [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
116466848  MYLK; myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle isoform X3 [KO:K00907] [EC:2.7.11.18]
116477929  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K10351]
116473542  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
116475014  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
116466571  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X3 [KO:K02833]
116472788  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
116469568  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
116478211  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
116476491  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
116461696  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
116466754  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116482295  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
116814342  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2-like [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
116483548  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
116459126  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
116470222  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
116469076  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116474442  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116459111  RPS6; small ribosomal subunit protein eS6 [KO:K02991]
116478549  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: small ribosomal subunit protein eS6-like [KO:K02991]
116814224  PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289] [EC:2.7.1.153]
116458584  PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
116458845  PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290]
116457903  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116485139  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116480683  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116812918  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116471556  EGR1; early growth response protein 1 [KO:K09203]
116461447  SPP1; osteopontin isoform X1 [KO:K06250]
116460929  JAG1; protein jagged-1 [KO:K06052]
116478614  NOTCH3; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995]
116469117  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
116476485  PDE3B; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 3B isoform X1 [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
116468590  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
116461710  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
116474889  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
116457644  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
116459062  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
116470731  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
116461498  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
116479655  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B-like [KO:K10435]
116457645  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
116458112  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
116456560  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
116468021  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07199]
116477841  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
116810283  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200]
116461671  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 [KO:K07200]
116814555  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
116481800  PLIN1; perilipin-1 [KO:K08768]
116456631  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K07202]
116464311  UCP1; mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 [KO:K08769]
116814351  NRF1; nuclear respiratory factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11831]
116458192  TFAM; transcription factor A, mitochondrial [KO:K11830]
116475298  Krueppel-like factor 2 [KO:K17845]
116478638  KLF2; Krueppel-like factor 2 [KO:K17845]
116478244  SPHK2; sphingosine kinase 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
116483058  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
116458484  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
116470946  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
116814535  HDAC4; histone deacetylase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
116474930  HDAC5; histone deacetylase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K11406] [EC:3.5.1.98]
116482397  MEF2A; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A isoform X1 [KO:K09260]
116478736  MEF2B; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2B [KO:K09261]
116471014  MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C isoform X1 [KO:K04454]
116469272  MEF2D; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D isoform X1 [KO:K09262]
116475322  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
116468563  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
116482351  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X2 [KO:K23605]
116468535  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
116457858  ACTA2; actin, aortic smooth muscle [KO:K12313]
116471429  CDH1; cadherin-1 [KO:K05689]
116472359  CCN2; CCN family member 2 [KO:K06827]
116480239  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
116810968  SERPINE1; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03982]
116462082  PLAT; tissue-type plasminogen activator [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00290  Fibrin
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:26143239
  Authors
Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP
  Title
Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 36:560-7 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.002
Reference
PMID:22140623
  Authors
Andersen CU, Hilberg O, Mellemkjaer S, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Simonsen U
  Title
Apelin and pulmonary hypertension.
  Journal
Pulm Circ 1:334-46 (2011)
DOI:10.4103/2045-8932.87299
Reference
PMID:25275559
  Authors
Chapman NA, Dupre DJ, Rainey JK
  Title
The apelin receptor: physiology, pathology, cell signalling, and ligand modulation of a peptide-activated class A GPCR.
  Journal
Biochem Cell Biol 92:431-40 (2014)
DOI:10.1139/bcb-2014-0072
Reference
PMID:18272138
  Authors
Japp AG, Newby DE
  Title
The apelin-APJ system in heart failure: pathophysiologic relevance and therapeutic potential.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:1882-92 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.12.015
Reference
PMID:25652330
  Authors
Folino A, Montarolo PG, Samaja M, Rastaldo R
  Title
Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system.
  Journal
Heart Fail Rev 20:505-18 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s10741-015-9475-x
Reference
PMID:23943882
  Authors
O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ, Harris LE, Pope GR
  Title
The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis.
  Journal
J Endocrinol 219:R13-35 (2013)
DOI:10.1530/JOE-13-0227
Reference
PMID:23973488
  Authors
Liu QF, Yu HW, You L, Liu MX, Li KY, Tao GZ
  Title
Apelin-13-induced proliferation and migration induced of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by the upregulation of Egr-1.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 439:235-40 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.051
Reference
PMID:26254105
  Authors
Novakova V, Sandhu GS, Dragomir-Daescu D, Klabusay M
  Title
Apelinergic system in endothelial cells and its role in angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
  Journal
Vascul Pharmacol 76:1-10 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2015.08.005
Reference
PMID:21725702
  Authors
Castan-Laurell I, Dray C, Attane C, Duparc T, Knauf C, Valet P
  Title
Apelin, diabetes, and obesity.
  Journal
Endocrine 40:1-9 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s12020-011-9507-9
Reference
PMID:23924696
  Authors
Li L, Li L, Xie F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Tang G, Lv D, Lu Q, Chen L, Li J
  Title
Jagged-1/Notch3 signaling transduction pathway is involved in apelin-13-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 45:875-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmt085
Reference
PMID:24990699
  Authors
Wu D, He L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: a promising therapy target for hypertension.
  Journal
Mol Biol Rep 41:6691-703 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3552-4
Reference
PMID:20539939
  Authors
Liu C, Su T, Li F, Li L, Qin X, Pan W, Feng F, Chen F, Liao D, Chen L
  Title
PI3K/Akt signaling transduction pathway is involved in rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by apelin-13.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 42:396-402 (2010)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmq035
Reference
PMID:26607438
  Authors
Xie F, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, He L, Lv D, Qin X, Li L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin-13 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via PI3K-Akt-ERK1/2-p70S6K and PI3K-induced autophagy.
  Journal
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 47:969-80 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/abbs/gmv111
Reference
PMID:27979574
  Authors
Lu L, Wu D, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system: A bifunctional target for cardiac hypertrophy.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 230:164-170 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.215
Reference
PMID:16182514
  Authors
Carmen GY, Victor SM
  Title
Signalling mechanisms regulating lipolysis.
  Journal
Cell Signal 18:401-8 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.08.009
Reference
PMID:27650065
  Authors
Hu H, He L, Li L, Chen L
  Title
Apelin/APJ system as a therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications.
  Journal
Mol Genet Metab 119:20-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.012
Reference
PMID:25914650
  Authors
Bertrand C, Valet P, Castan-Laurell I
  Title
Apelin and energy metabolism.
  Journal
Front Physiol 6:115 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2015.00115
Reference
PMID:26385179
  Authors
Yao F, Lv YC, Zhang M, Xie W, Tan YL, Gong D, Cheng HP, Liu D, Li L, Liu XY, Zheng XL, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin-13 impedes foam cell formation by activating Class III PI3K/Beclin-1-mediated autophagic pathway.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 466:637-43 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.045
Reference
PMID:22842084
  Authors
Than A, Cheng Y, Foh LC, Leow MK, Lim SC, Chuah YJ, Kang Y, Chen P
  Title
Apelin inhibits adipogenesis and lipolysis through distinct molecular pathways.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 362:227-41 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2012.07.002
Reference
PMID:24055369
  Authors
Yu XH, Tang ZB, Liu LJ, Qian H, Tang SL, Zhang DW, Tian GP, Tang CK
  Title
Apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 428:1-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.001
Reference
PMID:25931124
  Authors
Than A, He HL, Chua SH, Xu D, Sun L, Leow MK, Chen P
  Title
Apelin Enhances Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipocytes.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 290:14679-91 (2015)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M115.643817
Reference
PMID:25139773
  Authors
Fu J, Li Z, Zhang H, Mao Y, Wang A, Wang X, Zou Z, Zhang X
  Title
Molecular pathways regulating the formation of brown-like adipocytes in white adipose tissue.
  Journal
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 31:433-52 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.2600
Reference
PMID:21464822
  Authors
Aharoni-Simon M, Hann-Obercyger M, Pen S, Madar Z, Tirosh O
  Title
Fatty liver is associated with impaired activity of PPARgamma-coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice.
  Journal
Lab Invest 91:1018-28 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/labinvest.2011.55
Reference
PMID:22995518
  Authors
McLean DL, Kim J, Kang Y, Shi H, Atkins GB, Jain MK, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin/APJ signaling is a critical regulator of statin effects in vascular endothelial cells--brief report.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32:2640-3 (2012)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300317
Reference
PMID:22028387
  Authors
Pchejetski D, Foussal C, Alfarano C, Lairez O, Calise D, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Schaak S, Seguelas MH, Wanecq E, Valet P, Parini A, Kunduzova O
  Title
Apelin prevents cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen production through inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1.
  Journal
Eur Heart J 33:2360-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr389
Reference
PMID:26944568
  Authors
Huang S, Chen L, Lu L, Li L
  Title
The apelin-APJ axis: A novel potential therapeutic target for organ fibrosis.
  Journal
Clin Chim Acta 456:81-8 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.025
Reference
PMID:19093215
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Liu G, Han J, Profirovic J, Strekalova E, Voyno-Yasenetskaya TA
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Galpha13 regulates MEF2-dependent gene transcription in endothelial cells: role in angiogenesis.
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Angiogenesis 12:1-15 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s10456-008-9123-3
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PMID:23603510
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Kang Y, Kim J, Anderson JP, Wu J, Gleim SR, Kundu RK, McLean DL, Kim JD, Park H, Jin SW, Hwa J, Quertermous T, Chun HJ
  Title
Apelin-APJ signaling is a critical regulator of endothelial MEF2 activation in cardiovascular development.
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Circ Res 113:22-31 (2013)
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PMID:25164121
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Wang LY, Diao ZL, Zhang DL, Zheng JF, Zhang QD, Ding JX, Liu WH
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The regulatory peptide apelin: a novel inhibitor of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Amino Acids 46:2693-704 (2014)
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MicroRNA-503 promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Apelin-13.
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J Cell Mol Med 20:495-505 (2016)
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