KEGG   PATHWAY: sund04140
Entry
sund04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Sceloporus undulatus (fence lizard)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
sund04140  Autophagy - animal
sund04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Sceloporus undulatus (fence lizard) [GN:sund]
Gene
121914182  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
121914353  ERN2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
121914529  TSC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tuberin [KO:K07207]
121914533  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
121914565  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
121914625  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121914764  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
121915024  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
121915226  [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121915303  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
121915323  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121915395  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
121915450  RAB1B; ras-related protein Rab-1B [KO:K07874]
121915678  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
121916458  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
121916467  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121916476  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
121916521  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121916636  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
121916662  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
121916737  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
121916803  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
121916838  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121916919  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121917072  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121917092  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
121917251  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
121917706  [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121918936  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
121918950  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
121919017  VPS18; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
121919404  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
121919908  AKT3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121919937  AMBRA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985]
121919938  ATG13; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 13 [KO:K08331]
121920339  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
121920478  [KO:K10435]
121920610  [KO:K08341]
121920611  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog [KO:K21245]
121920633  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121920802  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
121921069  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
121921080  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
121921093  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
121921129  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
121921146  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121921221  [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
121921255  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
121921375  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
121921427  BIRC6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
121921509  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
121921521  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
121921791  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
121922071  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
121922091  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
121922119  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
121922287  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121922368  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
121922416  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
121922638  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121922902  CTSL; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
121922946  PIK3C3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
121923222  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121923252  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
121923647  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog [KO:K23609]
121923823  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
121923830  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121924302  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
121924308  [KO:K07897]
121924849  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
121924875  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
121925120  [KO:K21249]
121925166  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
121925201  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
121925257  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121925336  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
121925482  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
121925596  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121925778  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
121926328  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
121926458  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121926483  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform X1 [KO:K08343]
121926523  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
121926763  ATG16L2; protein Atg16l2 isoform X1 [KO:K20868]
121926844  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
121927190  HIF1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
121927775  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
121927790  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
121927832  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
121928117  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
121928177  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121928239  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
121928556  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
121928589  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
121928626  [KO:K02649]
121928669  PRKAA2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
121929085  [KO:K02927]
121929131  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121929396  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
121929439  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
121929449  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
121929461  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b isoform X1 [KO:K07898]
121929536  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
121929722  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121929872  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
121929874  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
121929893  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
121929991  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
121930420  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
121931127  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
121931257  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
121931541  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121931657  [KO:K19946]
121931734  [KO:K08512]
121931756  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
121931822  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
121931961  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
121931964  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
121932047  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type isoform X1 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121932504  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 [KO:K21347]
121932579  [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121932595  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121932739  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121932861  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
121933027  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
121933049  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
121933122  [KO:K08341]
121933182  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08512]
121933194  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21348]
121933245  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
121933368  PIK3R4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121933636  NBR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein [KO:K17987]
121933944  CD68; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: macrosialin [KO:K06528]
121934110  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121934179  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
121934186  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
121934234  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
121934257  [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
121934262  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
121934276  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121934341  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
121934423  [KO:K16172]
121934430  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
121934449  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
121934733  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
121934955  ATG9B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
121935008  [KO:K07827]
121935345  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
121935467  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
121935514  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07830]
121935981  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
121936111  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
121936118  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121936298  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
121936313  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
121936333  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121936339  TSC1; hamartin [KO:K07206]
121936502  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
121936543  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
121936688  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
121936820  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
121937060  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
121937075  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121937216  [KO:K16185]
121937276  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
121937300  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121937353  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121937494  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
sund04010  MAPK signaling pathway
sund04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
sund04142  Lysosome
sund04150  mTOR signaling pathway
sund04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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