KEGG   PATHWAY: bbis04925
Entry
bbis04925                   Pathway                                
Name
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion - Bison bison bison (American bison)
Description
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone synthesized in and secreted from the outer layer of the adrenal cortex, the zona glomerulosa. Aldosterone plays an important role in the regulation of systemic blood pressure through the absorption of sodium and water. Angiotensin II (Ang II), potassium (K+) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) are the main extracellular stimuli which regulate aldosterone secretion. These physiological agonists all converge on two major intracellular signaling pathways: calcium (Ca2+) mobilization and an increase in cAMP production. The increase in cytosolic calcium levels activates calcium/calmodulin- dependent protein kinases (CaMK), and the increased cAMP levels stimulate the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, or protein kinase A (PKA). The activated CaMK, and possibly PKA, activates transcription factors (NURR1 and NGF1B, CREB) to induce StAR and CYP11B2 expression, the early and late rate- limiting steps in aldosterone biosynthesis, respectively, thereby stimulating aldosterone secretion.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
bbis04925  Aldosterone synthesis and secretion
bbis04925

Other DBs
GO: 0035932
Organism
Bison bison bison (American bison) [GN:bbis]
Gene
104999040  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
105001755  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
104996774  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634]
104979885  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
104987189  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104994462  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104984484  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104984486  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104991589  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
105000232  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
104995001  ITPR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
105000525  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104986737  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105000236  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104987605  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type isoform X1 [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104987583  PRKD3; serine/threonine-protein kinase D3 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104991069  PRKD1; serine/threonine-protein kinase D1 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104997726  PRKD2; serine/threonine-protein kinase D2 isoform X1 [KO:K06070] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105003702  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
105002941  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
104984118  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
104979678  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
104993012  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
104987449  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
104990331  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
104997842  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
104999800  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
104983973  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049]
105001506  ATF1; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 isoform X1 [KO:K09053]
104998730  DAGLA; sn1-specific diacylglycerol lipase alpha [KO:K13806] [EC:3.1.1.116]
104992775  DAGLB; sn1-specific diacylglycerol lipase beta [KO:K13806] [EC:3.1.1.116]
104989124  KCNK3; potassium channel subfamily K member 3 [KO:K04914]
104984868  KCNK9; potassium channel subfamily K member 9 [KO:K04919]
104992012  KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999]
105005136  ATP1A3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
104993565  ATP1A2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
104993570  ATP1A4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
104981569  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
104986224  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
105005290  protein ATP1B4-like isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
105001777  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
104990897  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540]
104990628  CACNA1G; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G isoform X1 [KO:K04854]
104984129  CACNA1I; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I [KO:K04856]
104992358  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
104997112  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
104981877  CACNA1S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
104989616  ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056]
104985977  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
104986156  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
104992321  CALM1; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
104998408  calmodulin-alpha-like [KO:K02183]
104987616  CALM2; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
104996088  CALML6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
104984663  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
104997723  CALM3; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
104986328  CAMK1G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1G isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104998760  CAMK1D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104990128  CAMK1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08794] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104980419  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
105002056  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104996314  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104997518  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104993058  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
105004782  ATP2B2; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
104998785  ATP2B4; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
104982625  ATP2B1; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
104990488  LIPE; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
104979804  LDLR; low-density lipoprotein receptor [KO:K12473]
104989569  SCARB1; scavenger receptor class B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13885]
104989040  POMC; pro-opiomelanocortin [KO:K05228]
105002430  MC2R; adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor [KO:K04200]
104989972  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
104989974  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
104980414  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105001032  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104989034  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104982045  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104984593  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105001683  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104999563  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104991731  ADCY8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104988909  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104999887  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105003252  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104987782  STAR; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial [KO:K16931]
104983675  steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial [KO:K16931]
104988650  NR4A2; nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 [KO:K08558]
105001536  NR4A1; nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 [KO:K04465]
104990998  cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial [KO:K00498] [EC:1.14.15.6]
104993819  3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase [KO:K00070] [EC:1.1.1.145 5.3.3.1]
105005314  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: steroid 21-hydroxylase-like [KO:K00513] [EC:1.14.14.16]
104995833  NPPA; natriuretic peptides A [KO:K12334]
104987487  NPR1; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 [KO:K12323] [EC:4.6.1.2]
104995571  PDE2A; cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase isoform X1 [KO:K18283] [EC:3.1.4.17]
Compound
C00003  NAD+
C00004  NADH
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00020  AMP
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00187  Cholesterol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00238  Potassium cation
C00410  Progesterone
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01124  18-Hydroxycorticosterone
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C01780  Aldosterone
C01953  Pregnenolone
C02140  Corticosterone
C03205  11-Deoxycorticosterone
C14777  12(S)-HETE
C14822  12(R)-HETE
Reference
PMID:21839803
  Authors
Hattangady NG, Olala LO, Bollag WB, Rainey WE
  Title
Acute and chronic regulation of aldosterone production.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 350:151-62 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.034
Reference
PMID:24944029
  Authors
Bollag WB
  Title
Regulation of aldosterone synthesis and secretion.
  Journal
Compr Physiol 4:1017-55 (2014)
DOI:10.1002/cphy.c130037
Reference
PMID:15044681
  Authors
Spat A, Hunyady L
  Title
Control of aldosterone secretion: a model for convergence in cellular signaling pathways.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 84:489-539 (2004)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00030.2003
Reference
PMID:18406824
  Authors
Boon WC, Coghlan JP, Curnow KM, McDougall JG
  Title
Aldosterone secretion: a molecular perspective.
  Journal
Trends Endocrinol Metab 8:346-54 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S1043-2760(97)00136-7
Reference
PMID:14645496
  Authors
Bassett MH, Suzuki T, Sasano H, White PC, Rainey WE
  Title
The orphan nuclear receptors NURR1 and NGFIB regulate adrenal aldosterone production.
  Journal
Mol Endocrinol 18:279-90 (2004)
DOI:10.1210/me.2003-0005
Reference
PMID:22689262
  Authors
Guagliardo NA, Yao J, Hu C, Barrett PQ
  Title
Minireview: aldosterone biosynthesis: electrically gated for our protection.
  Journal
Endocrinology 153:3579-86 (2012)
DOI:10.1210/en.2012-1339
Reference
PMID:22364774
  Authors
Spat A, Fulop L, Szanda G
  Title
The role of mitochondrial Ca(2+) and NAD(P)H in the control of aldosterone secretion.
  Journal
Cell Calcium 52:64-72 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceca.2012.01.009
Reference
PMID:22395411
  Authors
Spat A, Szanda G
  Title
Special features of mitochondrial Ca(2)(+) signalling in adrenal glomerulosa cells.
  Journal
Pflugers Arch 464:43-50 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s00424-012-1086-y
Reference
PMID:21962440
  Authors
Tsai LC, Beavo JA
  Title
The roles of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in steroidogenesis.
  Journal
Curr Opin Pharmacol 11:670-5 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2011.09.003
Reference
PMID:10536682
  Authors
Delcayre C, Silvestre JS
  Title
Aldosterone and the heart: towards a physiological function?
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 43:7-12 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00088-7
Reference
PMID:15026188
  Authors
Lisurek M, Bernhardt R
  Title
Modulation of aldosterone and cortisol synthesis on the molecular level.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 215:149-59 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.008
Reference
PMID:23628605
  Authors
Miller WL
  Title
Steroid hormone synthesis in mitochondria.
  Journal
Mol Cell Endocrinol 379:62-73 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2013.04.014
Reference
PMID:25788893
  Authors
Martinez-Arguelles DB, Papadopoulos V
  Title
Mechanisms mediating environmental chemical-induced endocrine disruption in the adrenal gland.
  Journal
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 6:29 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2015.00029
Related
pathway
bbis00140  Steroid hormone biosynthesis
bbis00590  Arachidonic acid metabolism
bbis04020  Calcium signaling pathway
bbis04022  cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
bbis04024  cAMP signaling pathway
bbis04614  Renin-angiotensin system
bbis04960  Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption
KO pathway
ko04925   
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