KEGG   PATHWAY: efus04140
Entry
efus04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
efus04140  Autophagy - animal
efus04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat) [GN:efus]
Gene
103283130  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103283205  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X2 [KO:K17890]
103283258  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103283326  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
103283376  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
103283605  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
103283643  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
103283673  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
103283712  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator isoform X1 [KO:K17889]
103283794  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103283827  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103284058  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103284083  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103284158  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103284312  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103284380  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
103284438  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B isoform X2 [KO:K10435]
103285084  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
103285154  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
103285310  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
103285583  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
103285622  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20180]
103286393  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
103286490  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103286627  CTSL; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103286718  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103286747  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103286858  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X3 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103286992  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
103287001  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103287022  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182]
103287031  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103287325  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
103287330  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103287346  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
103287377  [KO:K02977]
103287503  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103287555  [KO:K08334]
103287604  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
103287650  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402]
103287875  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103287879  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]
103287909  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B isoform X2 [KO:K07920]
103288216  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
103288251  [KO:K10802]
103288306  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X4 [KO:K07187]
103288623  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
103288780  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X1 [KO:K08336]
103289185  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
103289256  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
103289297  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
103289482  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
103289611  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
103290347  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103290422  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103290502  TSC2; tuberin isoform X9 [KO:K07207]
103290506  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
103290523  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103290542  [KO:K04724]
103290678  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
103290844  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
103290874  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103291023  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
103291072  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103291212  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
103291479  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A isoform X1 [KO:K07874]
103291644  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103291662  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K21347]
103292497  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
103292821  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103292831  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
103292984  [KO:K17606]
103293008  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
103293059  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
103293073  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
103293111  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
103293136  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
103293178  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103293357  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
103293359  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A isoform X2 [KO:K10435]
103293483  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103293608  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
103293668  ATG16L2; protein Atg16l2 [KO:K20868]
103293722  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
103293777  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X2 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
103294026  OPTN; optineurin isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
103294231  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103294235  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103294296  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X1 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103294360  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
103294676  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
103294752  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
103294784  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
103295023  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
103295323  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103295341  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103295411  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103295572  [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
103295757  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103296140  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103296157  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
103296185  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
103296283  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103296377  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
103296619  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103296800  [KO:K02927]
103296928  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
103297088  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348]
103297373  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange factor C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
103297430  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103297486  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
103297615  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
103297766  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
103297882  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103298053  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
103298215  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K22991]
103298341  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
103298364  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
103298420  [KO:K21245]
103298591  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103298744  [KO:K10802]
103298839  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103299075  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
103299102  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
103299156  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K17908]
103299285  LAMP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
103299357  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
103299404  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103299461  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
103299463  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103299514  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X2 [KO:K08337]
103299537  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
103299551  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
103300288  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
103300408  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103300420  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
103300845  [KO:K02977]
103300863  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X2 [KO:K11248]
103300899  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
103300989  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103301123  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
103301127  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
103301298  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
103301331  RRAGB; ras-related GTP-binding protein B isoform X5 [KO:K16185]
103301660  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103301663  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
103301777  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
103301780  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B [KO:K17907]
103301793  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103301950  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103302047  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
103302062  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
103302274  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
103302391  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
103302481  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
103302548  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
103303072  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X7 [KO:K21245]
103303253  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
103303257  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
103303300  [KO:K07830]
103303625  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
103303728  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X3 [KO:K02161]
103303864  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
103304265  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
103304751  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein [KO:K19330]
103305161  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
103305210  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X2 [KO:K23610]
103305241  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X1 [KO:K17888]
103305394  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
103305616  STX7; syntaxin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K08488]
114228115  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
114233185  [KO:K10802]
129147073  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
129147333  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
129147345  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
129148079  UBC; polyubiquitin-C isoform X1 [KO:K08770]
129148305  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
129148793  [KO:K02927]
129148828  [KO:K21245]
129148829  [KO:K21245]
129149304  [KO:K10802]
129150724  [KO:K08341]
129151270  [KO:K08341]
129151762  [KO:K10435]
129151930  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
efus04010  MAPK signaling pathway
efus04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
efus04142  Lysosome
efus04150  mTOR signaling pathway
efus04152  AMPK signaling pathway
efus04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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