KEGG   PATHWAY: umr04714
Entry
umr04714                    Pathway                                
Name
Thermogenesis - Ursus maritimus (polar bear)
Description
Thermogenesis is essential for warm-blooded animals, ensuring normal cellular and physiological function under conditions of environmental challenge. Thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissue is mainly controlled by norepinephrine, which is released from sympathetic nervous system in response to cold or dietary stimuli. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for the process whereby chemical energy is converted into heat in these adipocytes. Activation of these adipocytes leads to an increase in calorie consumption and is expected to improve overweight conditions, providing a potential strategy for treating obesity and its related metabolic disorders.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
Pathway map
umr04714  Thermogenesis
umr04714

Other DBs
GO: 1990845
Organism
Ursus maritimus (polar bear) [GN:umr]
Gene
121105642  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
103670935  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas [KO:K04632]
103670936  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
103674675  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103679250  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103671685  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103679331  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103678826  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103675618  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103673916  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103661704  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103668547  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103667527  ADCY10; adenylate cyclase type 10 [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103664172  adenylate cyclase type 10-like [KO:K11265] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103662972  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103682183  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103659802  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
103681679  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
103668409  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
103667087  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
103669052  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
103672393  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
103658932  cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
103678456  PRDM16; histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PRDM16 [KO:K22410] [EC:2.1.1.367]
103658466  zinc finger protein 516-like [KO:K22411]
103658418  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc finger protein 516-like [KO:K22411]
103666569  KDM1A; lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A isoform X1 [KO:K11450] [EC:1.14.99.66]
103657972  UCP1; mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 [KO:K08769]
103663948  KDM3B; lysine-specific demethylase 3B [KO:K15601] [EC:1.14.11.65]
103671466  KDM3A; lysine-specific demethylase 3A isoform X1 [KO:K15601] [EC:1.14.11.65]
103663331  SMARCA2; probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 [KO:K11647] [EC:5.6.2.-]
103678681  SMARCA4; transcription activator BRG1 isoform X1 [KO:K11647] [EC:5.6.2.-]
103669281  SMARCB1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11648]
103656928  SMARCC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2 [KO:K11649]
103674863  SMARCC1; SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC1 [KO:K11649]
103660947  SMARCD3; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 3 isoform X1 [KO:K11650]
103675474  SMARCD1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1 [KO:K11650]
103665635  SMARCD2; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 2 [KO:K11650]
103661841  SMARCE1; SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1 [KO:K11651]
103665813  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
103670086  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
103676119  ACTL6A; actin-like protein 6A isoform X2 [KO:K11340]
103670117  ACTL6B; actin-like protein 6B [KO:K11652]
103660865  ARID1B; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B [KO:K11653]
103666514  ARID1A; AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A isoform X1 [KO:K11653]
103661061  DPF1; zinc finger protein neuro-d4 isoform X1 [KO:K22198]
103674228  DPF3; zinc finger protein DPF3 [KO:K22198]
103669544  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08530]
103663496  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
103658475  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103674115  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103665451  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103665538  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103674004  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103658371  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [KO:K07202]
103659593  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
103681835  SIRT6; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-6 [KO:K11416] [EC:2.3.1.286]
103657101  FGF21; fibroblast growth factor 21 [KO:K22429]
103660180  PLIN1; perilipin-1 [KO:K08768]
103680155  LIPE; hormone-sensitive lipase [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
103671100  PNPLA2; patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K16816] [EC:3.1.1.3]
103669484  MGLL; monoglyceride lipase isoform X1 [KO:K01054] [EC:3.1.1.23]
103670673  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103664677  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103678332  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K07199]
103678391  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07199]
103660987  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
103662753  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200]
103675453  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
103659505  GCG; pro-glucagon [KO:K05259]
103682405  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bone morphogenetic protein 8B-like [KO:K16622]
103666706  BMP8A; bone morphogenetic protein 8A [KO:K16622]
103659842  CNR1; cannabinoid receptor 1 [KO:K04277]
103666859  NPPA; natriuretic peptides A [KO:K12334]
103666858  NPPB; natriuretic peptides B [KO:K12335]
103668723  NPR1; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12323] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103661993  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
103665352  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
103672678  KLB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beta-klotho [KO:K22404]
103659146  FGFR1; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103656877  FRS2; fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 [KO:K12461]
103665736  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
103671891  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
103665409  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
103669173  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
103671035  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X3 [KO:K02833]
103665244  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
103669422  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
103660807  RPS6KA2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103668171  RPS6KA3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103666515  RPS6KA1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103671984  RPS6KA6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103670250  TSC1; hamartin [KO:K07206]
103668779  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
103660943  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb isoform X1 [KO:K07208]
103665983  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
103666660  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103668783  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
103657265  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
103679516  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103667329  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103662156  RPS6; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
103675232  40S ribosomal protein S6-like [KO:K02991]
103668888  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 40S ribosomal protein S6-like [KO:K02991]
121101028  40S ribosomal protein S6-like [KO:K02991]
103662726  ACSL3; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
103681011  ACSL1; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
103679743  ACSL4; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
103657137  ACSL5; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 5 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
103670507  ACSL6; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 6 isoform X2 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
804861  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804862  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804863  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804867  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804868  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804873  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
804872  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103659788  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103672016  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103672304  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103664628  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
103666354  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
103679235  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03939]
103659515  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K03939]
103681635  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103679622  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103679522  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103662415  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103680708  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944]
103677743  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
103657024  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
103668224  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
103671508  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
121102487  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1-like [KO:K03945]
103663752  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
103672884  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
103656470  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
103658820  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
103676131  cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4-like [KO:K03948]
103661190  cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4-like [KO:K03948]
103676612  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
103674068  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
103681725  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
103670360  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
103675753  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03953]
103662822  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03954]
103668899  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
103681700  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
103660109  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
103668219  NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12-like [KO:K11352]
103674915  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
103673805  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
103669030  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
103659737  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
103678783  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
103676116  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03961]
103667024  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
103682114  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
103677527  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
103661621  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
103668772  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
103669950  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K11351]
103657962  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
103678138  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
103673439  NDUFAF1; complex I intermediate-associated protein 30, mitochondrial [KO:K18159]
103663650  NDUFAF2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 2 [KO:K18160]
103674837  NDUFAF3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 3 [KO:K09008]
103675884  NDUFAF4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 4 [KO:K18161]
103674446  NDUFAF5; arginine-hydroxylase NDUFAF5, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K18162] [EC:2.1.1.-]
103661447  NDUFAF6; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex I, assembly factor 6 isoform X1 [KO:K18163]
103671895  NDUFAF7; protein arginine methyltransferase NDUFAF7, mitochondrial [KO:K18164]
103679246  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
103666614  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
103672010  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236]
103673823  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
804871  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
103656658  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
103674845  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00414]
103668880  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00415]
103663786  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
103670755  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416]
103661483  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
103674244  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
103663827  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 isoform X2 [KO:K00418]
103659249  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
103681641  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
804864  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
804870  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
804869  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
103673835  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
103674346  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
103679121  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
103671191  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
103679714  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02265]
103657893  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
103678327  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
103673149  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02266]
103680303  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 isoform X1 [KO:K02267]
103682512  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
103675859  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
103661502  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
103657485  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103682538  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103671542  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103675819  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103672701  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103656462  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02271]
103672146  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
103658816  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
103679417  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
103660515  protoheme IX farnesyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02257] [EC:2.5.1.141]
103681316  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX11, mitochondrial [KO:K02258]
103675471  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX14 [KO:K18181]
103676029  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX15 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K02259] [EC:1.17.99.9]
103671570  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX16 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18182]
103678788  cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone [KO:K02260]
103665301  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX18, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K17797]
103670059  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX19 [KO:K18183]
103668957  cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX20, mitochondrial [KO:K18184]
103681388  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 1 homolog [KO:K18173]
103674581  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 1 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K18173]
103672586  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18175]
103678040  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 4 homolog, mitochondrial [KO:K18177]
103671183  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 5 [KO:K18178]
103661887  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 6 homolog [KO:K18179]
103670708  cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 [KO:K18180]
103663788  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
103656310  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
103676258  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02136]
103681631  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
103670961  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
103673122  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
804865  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
103675040  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
103660617  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128]
103659901  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
103675541  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128]
103665721  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
103676351  ATP5ME; ATP synthase subunit e, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02129]
103663900  ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02130]
103669985  ATP5MF; ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial [KO:K02130]
103677437  ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02130]
121100221  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02130]
121101318  ATP synthase subunit f, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02130]
103673070  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
804866  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
103662508  ATP5MG; ATP synthase subunit g, mitochondrial [KO:K02140]
103680231  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ATP synthase subunit g, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02140]
103670701  CPT2; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K08766] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103674841  SLC25A20; mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein [KO:K15109]
103673561  SLC25A29; mitochondrial basic amino acids transporter isoform X1 [KO:K15109]
103679534  CPT1A; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform isoform X1 [KO:K08765] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103673998  CPT1B; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103657260  CPT1C; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform isoform X1 [KO:K19524] [EC:2.3.1.21]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00004  NADH
C00008  ADP
C00010  CoA
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00040  Acyl-CoA
C00080  H+
C00116  Glycerol
C00162  Fatty acid
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00318  L-Carnitine
C00422  Triacylglycerol
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00745  Nicotine
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C01352  FADH2
C01885  1-Acylglycerol
C02301  O-Acylcarnitine
C02465  Triiodothyronine
C11695  Anandamide
C13856  2-Arachidonoylglycerol
Reference
  Authors
Inagaki T, Sakai J, Kajimura S
  Title
Transcriptional and epigenetic control of brown and beige adipose cell fate and function.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 17:480-95 (2016)
DOI:10.1038/nrm.2016.62
Reference
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Harms M, Seale P
  Title
Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential.
  Journal
Nat Med 19:1252-63 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nm.3361
Reference
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Boon MR, Kooijman S, van Dam AD, Pelgrom LR, Berbee JF, Visseren CA, van Aggele RC, van den Hoek AM, Sips HC, Lombes M, Havekes LM, Tamsma JT, Guigas B, Meijer OC, Jukema JW, Rensen PC
  Title
Peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor blockade activates brown adipose tissue and diminishes dyslipidemia and obesity.
  Journal
FASEB J 28:5361-75 (2014)
DOI:10.1096/fj.13-247643
Reference
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Merlin J, Evans BA, Dehvari N, Sato M, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS
  Title
Could burning fat start with a brite spark? Pharmacological and nutritional ways to promote thermogenesis.
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Mol Nutr Food Res 60:18-42 (2016)
DOI:10.1002/mnfr.201500251
Reference
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van Dam AD, Kooijman S, Schilperoort M, Rensen PC, Boon MR
  Title
Regulation of brown fat by AMP-activated protein kinase.
  Journal
Trends Mol Med 21:571-9 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.07.003
Reference
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Kooijman S, van den Heuvel JK, Rensen PC
  Title
Neuronal Control of Brown Fat Activity.
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Trends Endocrinol Metab 26:657-68 (2015)
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Reference
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Traveling from the hypothalamus to the adipose tissue: The thermogenic pathway.
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Redox Biol 12:854-863 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.019
Reference
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  Title
Regulation of adipocyte lipolysis.
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Nutr Res Rev 27:63-93 (2014)
DOI:10.1017/S095442241400002X
Reference
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Tansey JT, Sztalryd C, Hlavin EM, Kimmel AR, Londos C
  Title
The central role of perilipin a in lipid metabolism and adipocyte lipolysis.
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IUBMB Life 56:379-85 (2004)
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Reference
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Collins S, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Wang H
  Title
Positive and negative control of Ucp1 gene transcription and the role of beta-adrenergic signaling networks.
  Journal
Int J Obes (Lond) 34 Suppl 1:S28-33 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/ijo.2010.180
Reference
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Robidoux J, Cao W, Quan H, Daniel KW, Moukdar F, Bai X, Floering LM, Collins S
  Title
Selective activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 and p38alpha MAP kinase is essential for cyclic AMP-dependent UCP1 expression in adipocytes.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 25:5466-79 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.25.13.5466-5479.2005
Reference
  Authors
Hattori K, Naguro I, Okabe K, Funatsu T, Furutani S, Takeda K, Ichijo H
  Title
ASK1 signalling regulates brown and beige adipocyte function.
  Journal
Nat Commun 7:11158 (2016)
DOI:10.1038/ncomms11158
Reference
  Authors
Abe Y, Rozqie R, Matsumura Y, Kawamura T, Nakaki R, Tsurutani Y, Tanimura-Inagaki K, Shiono A, Magoori K, Nakamura K, Ogi S, Kajimura S, Kimura H, Tanaka T, Fukami K, Osborne TF, Kodama T, Aburatani H, Inagaki T, Sakai J
  Title
JMJD1A is a signal-sensing scaffold that regulates acute chromatin dynamics via SWI/SNF association for thermogenesis.
  Journal
Nat Commun 6:7052 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/ncomms8052
Reference
  Authors
Dempersmier J, Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Paul SM, Hudak CS, Raposo HF, Kwan HY, Kang C, Wong RH, Sul HS
  Title
Cold-inducible Zfp516 activates UCP1 transcription to promote browning of white fat and development of brown fat.
  Journal
Mol Cell 57:235-46 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.12.005
Reference
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Sambeat A, Gulyaeva O, Dempersmier J, Tharp KM, Stahl A, Paul SM, Sul HS
  Title
LSD1 Interacts with Zfp516 to Promote UCP1 Transcription and Brown Fat Program.
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Cell Rep 15:2536-49 (2016)
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Villarroya F, Peyrou M, Giralt M
  Title
Transcriptional regulation of the uncoupling protein-1 gene.
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Biochimie 134:86-92 (2017)
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Cao W, Daniel KW, Robidoux J, Puigserver P, Medvedev AV, Bai X, Floering LM, Spiegelman BM, Collins S
  Title
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is the central regulator of cyclic AMP-dependent transcription of the brown fat uncoupling protein 1 gene.
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Mol Cell Biol 24:3057-67 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.24.7.3057-3067.2004
Reference
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Hondares E, Iglesias R, Giralt A, Gonzalez FJ, Giralt M, Mampel T, Villarroya F
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Thermogenic activation induces FGF21 expression and release in brown adipose tissue.
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J Biol Chem 286:12983-90 (2011)
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Yao L, Cui X, Chen Q, Yang X, Fang F, Zhang J, Liu G, Jin W, Chang Y
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Cold-Inducible SIRT6 Regulates Thermogenesis of Brown and Beige Fat.
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Cell Rep 20:641-654 (2017)
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Reference
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Klingenberg M
  Title
UCP1 - A sophisticated energy valve.
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Biochimie 134:19-27 (2017)
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UCP1: A transporter for H(+) and fatty acid anions.
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Biochimie 134:28-34 (2017)
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Reference
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Targeting thermogenesis in brown fat and muscle to treat obesity and metabolic disease.
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Nat Rev Endocrinol 14:77-87 (2018)
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Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy.
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Nat Rev Drug Discov 9:465-82 (2010)
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Fenzl A, Kiefer FW
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Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis.
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Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 19:25-37 (2014)
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Minard AY, Tan SX, Yang P, Fazakerley DJ, Domanova W, Parker BL, Humphrey SJ, Jothi R, Stockli J, James DE
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mTORC1 Is a Major Regulatory Node in the FGF21 Signaling Network in Adipocytes.
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Cell Rep 17:29-36 (2016)
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FGF21 regulates PGC-1alpha and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis.
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Genes Dev 26:271-81 (2012)
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Zois NE, Bartels ED, Hunter I, Kousholt BS, Olsen LH, Goetze JP
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Natriuretic peptides in cardiometabolic regulation and disease.
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Nat Rev Cardiol 11:403-12 (2014)
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Reference
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Indiveri C, Iacobazzi V, Tonazzi A, Giangregorio N, Infantino V, Convertini P, Console L, Palmieri F
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The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: function, structure and physiopathology.
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Mol Aspects Med 32:223-33 (2011)
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Reference
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McCoin CS, Knotts TA, Adams SH
  Title
Acylcarnitines--old actors auditioning for new roles in metabolic physiology.
  Journal
Nat Rev Endocrinol 11:617-25 (2015)
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Reference
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Ohtomo T, Ino K, Miyashita R, Chigira M, Nakamura M, Someya K, Inaba N, Fujita M, Takagi M, Yamada J
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Chronic high-fat feeding impairs adaptive induction of mitochondrial fatty acid combustion-associated proteins in brown adipose tissue of mice.
  Journal
Biochem Biophys Rep 10:32-38 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.02.002
Related
pathway
umr00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
umr00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
umr04010  MAPK signaling pathway
umr04022  cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
umr04024  cAMP signaling pathway
umr04150  mTOR signaling pathway
umr04923  Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes
KO pathway
ko04714   
LinkDB

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