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KEGG   PATHWAY: xtr04145
Entry
xtr04145                    Pathway                                
Name
Phagosome - Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog)
Description
Phagocytosis is the process of taking in relatively large particles by a cell, and is a central mechanism in the tissue remodeling, inflammation, and defense against infectious agents. A phagosome is formed when the specific receptors on the phagocyte surface recognize ligands on the particle surface. After formation, nascent phagosomes progressively acquire digestive characteristics. This maturation of phagosomes involves regulated interaction with the other membrane organelles, including recycling endosomes, late endosomes and lysosomes. The fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes releases toxic products that kill most bacteria and degrade them into fragments. However, some bacteria have strategies to escape the bactericidal mechanisms associated with phagocytosis and survive within host phagocytes.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
xtr04145  Phagosome
xtr04145

Other DBs
GO: 0045335
Organism
Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog) [GN:xtr]
Gene
100036694  atp6v0a1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 1 [KO:K02154]
100036697  mrc2; C-type mannose receptor 2 precursor [KO:K06560]
100037894  tuba8; tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
100038108  tuba1b; 1 [KO:K07374]
100038123  tuba1a; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
100038128  sec61b; protein transport protein Sec61 subunit beta [KO:K09481]
100124318  ncf1; neutrophil cytosol factor 1 [KO:K08011]
100124803  atp6v0e2; ATPase, H+ transporting, V0 subunit [KO:K02153]
100124852  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100124979  rab7b; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
100125150  atp6v1g3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
100127187  dync1i1; cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 1 [KO:K10415]
100127707  [KO:K06751]
100127725  hla-a; major histocompatibility complex, class I, A precursor [KO:K06751]
100127727  hla-dqa1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 precursor [KO:K06752]
100127814  rilp; rab-interacting lysosomal protein [KO:K13883]
100135002  cd36; platelet glycoprotein 4 [KO:K06259]
100135019  atp6v0a4; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
100135349  [KO:K06856]
100135740  atp6v1b1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
100144691  itgav; integrin alpha-V [KO:K06487]
100144986  tuba1l; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
100145508  [KO:K06752]
100170153  thbs1; thrombospondin-1 [KO:K16857]
100170603  atp6ap1.2; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 precursor [KO:K03662]
100170611  [KO:K03990]
100216036  atp6v0e1; V-type proton ATPase subunit e 1 [KO:K02153]
100216061  eea1; early endosome antigen 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12478]
100216255  c3; A.superbus venom factor 1 [KO:K03990]
100216279  itgb5; integrin beta-5 precursor [KO:K06588]
100216290  lamp1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
100379927  stx7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
100379961  colec12; collectin-12 [KO:K10062]
100380107  dync2h1; cytoplasmic dynein 2 heavy chain 1 [KO:K10414]
100485201  [KO:K10159]
100485358  [KO:K10159]
100485512  [KO:K10159]
100485771  tlr2; toll-like receptor 2 type-2 [KO:K10159]
100485790  atp6v1c2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 [KO:K02148]
100485927  [KO:K10159]
100485933  pik3c3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
100486465  tuba1al; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: tubulin alpha-8 chain [KO:K07374]
100487251  asgr1; hepatic lectin isoform X1 [KO:K06563]
100487454  [KO:K03662]
100487973  [KO:K10159]
100488773  pla2r1; secretory phospholipase A2 receptor [KO:K06560]
100489020  tap2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: antigen peptide transporter 2 [KO:K05654] [EC:7.4.2.14]
100489027  calr3; calreticulin [KO:K08057]
100490289  tuba1cl.1; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
100490714  scarb1; scavenger receptor class B member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13885]
100490938  mpo; myeloperoxidase [KO:K10789] [EC:1.11.2.2]
100491968  [KO:K03990]
100492002  itga5; integrin alpha-5 [KO:K06484]
100492134  [KO:K03990]
100492659  itgb2; integrin beta-2 isoform X4 [KO:K06464]
100492714  itga2; integrin alpha-2 [KO:K06481]
100492802  sec61g; protein transport protein Sec61 subunit gamma [KO:K07342]
100492966  [KO:K03990]
100493504  mrc1; macrophage mannose receptor 1 [KO:K06560]
100493760  colec11; collectin-11 isoform X2 [KO:K10066]
100493946  tlr6; toll-like receptor 1 [KO:K10169]
100494325  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100494467  msr1; macrophage scavenger receptor types I and II [KO:K06558]
100494714  comp; cartilage oligomeric matrix protein [KO:K04659]
100494735  tap1; antigen peptide transporter 1 [KO:K05653] [EC:7.4.2.14]
100494997  thbs2; thrombospondin-2 [KO:K04659]
100495183  [KO:K06752]
100495225  [KO:K06751]
100495336  mhc2a; class II histocompatibility antigen, M alpha chain [KO:K06752]
100495489  itgad; integrin alpha-M [KO:K06461]
100496002  cd36l; platelet glycoprotein 4 [KO:K06259]
100496024  [KO:K06751]
100496055  [KO:K10068]
100496172  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
100496213  epx; myeloperoxidase [KO:K10789] [EC:1.11.2.2]
100496214  mbl2; pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D [KO:K03991]
100497157  [KO:K07374]
100497528  tuba1cl.2; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
100497595  nos1; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X1 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
100497637  clec4m; hepatic lectin [KO:K06563]
100497762  [KO:K03990]
100497788  clec4e; hepatic lectin [KO:K06563]
100497914  [KO:K03990]
100498084  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100498099  sftpa; pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A [KO:K10067]
100498238  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
100498465  dync1li2; cytoplasmic dynein 1 light intermediate chain 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10416]
100498495  itgb3; integrin beta-3 [KO:K06493]
101730257  [KO:K06563]
101730558  tubb1; tubulin beta-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
101731464  [KO:K06563]
101731775  [KO:K06461]
101734149  [KO:K06856]
101735075  [KO:K06498]
101735096  [KO:K06461]
101735287  [KO:K06563]
105945518  [KO:K06498]
105945585  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
105948322  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
108644432  tfrc; transferrin receptor protein 1 [KO:K06503]
108646250  [KO:K03990]
108648121  sftpa2; pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A [KO:K10067]
108648266  [KO:K05653] [EC:7.4.2.14]
116406662  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
116406716  [KO:K05654] [EC:7.4.2.14]
116406731  [KO:K06463]
116406764  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
116409470  [KO:K10159]
394488  atp6v0c; V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K02155]
394675  tuba1c; tubulin alpha 1c [KO:K07374]
394728  atp6v1e1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
394734  tuba1cl.3; tubulin alpha chain 1c like [KO:K07374]
394761  sec22b; vesicle-trafficking protein SEC22b precursor [KO:K08517]
394767  itgb1; integrin beta-1 precursor [KO:K05719]
394774  MGC75872; uncharacterized protein LOC394774 [KO:K07897]
394779  atp6v1c1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
394868  atp6v1al; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
394889  tubb2b; tubulin beta 2B class IIb [KO:K07375]
394927  tubb4a; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
394957  actg1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
394992  atp6v0d2; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 2 [KO:K02146]
395045  tubb3; tubulin beta-3 chain [KO:K07375]
407856  stx12; syntaxin-12 [KO:K13813]
407878  tubal3.1; tubulin alpha chain like 3 [KO:K07374]
407935  dync1i2; cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 2 [KO:K10415]
407952  actb; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
407962  calr; calreticulin precursor [KO:K08057]
448033  sec61a1; protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 1 [KO:K10956]
448118  rac1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392]
448161  canx; calnexin precursor [KO:K08054]
448179  ctsv; cathepsin L1 precursor [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
448203  ctss; cathepsin S precursor [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
448258  rab5b; ras-related protein Rab-5B [KO:K07888]
448298  coro1a; coronin-1A [KO:K13882]
448314  atp6v1f; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
448533  atp6v1g1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
448742  tubb; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
493238  atp6v1a; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
493388  rab7a; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
493418  tubb6; tubulin beta-6 chain [KO:K07375]
493430  rab5a; ras-related protein Rab-5A [KO:K07887]
493477  m6pr; cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor precursor [KO:K10089]
496647  ctss.2; cathepsin S, gene 2 precursor [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
496748  ctsh; pro-cathepsin H [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
496875  thbs3; thrombospondin-3 precursor [KO:K04659]
548369  [KO:K06856]
548464  ctsl; cathepsin L precursor [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
548558  tubal3.2; tubulin alpha chain like 3 [KO:K07374]
548688  tuba3c; tubulin, alpha 3c [KO:K07374]
548936  atp6v1h; V-type proton ATPase subunit H [KO:K02144]
548977  atp6v0a2; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a [KO:K02154]
549234  cyba; cytochrome b-245 alpha polypeptide [KO:K08009]
549267  hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182]
549448  tuba4b; tubulin alpha chain [KO:K07374]
549463  stx18; syntaxin-18 [KO:K08492]
549603  tcirg1; V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 3 [KO:K02154]
549726  vamp3; vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 [KO:K13505]
549818  atp6v0b; V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit [KO:K03661]
549829  atp6v1d; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
550064  atp6v0d1; V-type proton ATPase subunit d 1 [KO:K02146]
550069  pikfyve; 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase [KO:K00921] [EC:2.7.1.150]
594890  [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
594914  rab5c; ras-related protein Rab-5C [KO:K07889]
594964  rab5d; muscle RAS oncogene homolog isoform 2 [KO:K07888]
595081  cybb; cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
595084  ncf4; neutrophil cytosol factor 4 [KO:K08012]
613057  c1r; complement C1r subcomponent isoform X1 [KO:K01330] [EC:3.4.21.41]
619367  ncf2; neutrophil cytosol factor 2 [KO:K08010]
779509  lamp2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 precursor [KO:K06528]
779628  atp6v1b2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
779754  dync1li1; cytoplasmic dynein 1 light intermediate chain 1 [KO:K10416]
779904  tubb4b; tubulin beta 4B class IVb [KO:K07375]
780130  thbs4; thrombospondin-4 precursor [KO:K04659]
780301  atp6v1g2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 [KO:K02152]
Compound
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15894272
  Authors
Stuart LM, Ezekowitz RA
  Title
Phagocytosis: elegant complexity.
  Journal
Immunity 22:539-50 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.05.002
Reference
PMID:10684585
  Authors
Tjelle TE, Lovdal T, Berg T
  Title
Phagosome dynamics and function.
  Journal
Bioessays 22:255-63 (2000)
DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200003)22:3<255::AID-BIES7>3.0.CO;2-R
Reference
PMID:18492791
  Authors
Dupuy AG, Caron E
  Title
Integrin-dependent phagocytosis: spreading from microadhesion to new concepts.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 121:1773-83 (2008)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.018036
Reference
PMID:15036145
  Authors
Brumell JH, Grinstein S
  Title
Salmonella redirects phagosomal maturation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Microbiol 7:78-84 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2003.12.005
Reference
PMID:17245426
  Authors
Huynh KK, Eskelinen EL, Scott CC, Malevanets A, Saftig P, Grinstein S
  Title
LAMP proteins are required for fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes.
  Journal
EMBO J 26:313-24 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601511
Reference
PMID:17637737
  Authors
Luzio JP, Pryor PR, Bright NA
  Title
Lysosomes: fusion and function.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:622-32 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2217
Reference
PMID:18513324
  Authors
Sumimoto H
  Title
Structure, regulation and evolution of Nox-family NADPH oxidases that produce reactive oxygen species.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:3249-77 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06488.x
Related
pathway
xtr04142  Lysosome biogenesis
xtr04144  Endocytosis
xtr04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04145   

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