KEGG   PATHWAY: eai04620
Entry
eai04620                    Pathway                                
Name
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Equus asinus (ass)
Description
Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
eai04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
eai04620

Organism
Equus asinus (ass) [GN:eai]
Gene
106821763  TLR9; toll-like receptor 9 [KO:K10161]
106821799  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
106822169  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
106822275  TLR6; toll-like receptor 6 isoform X2 [KO:K10169]
106822276  TLR1; toll-like receptor 1 [KO:K05398]
106822593  [KO:K02649]
106823378  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
106823493  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
106823733  CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412]
106823736  CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform X1 [KO:K05413]
106823774  CD14; monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 [KO:K04391]
106824114  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
106824161  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X3 [KO:K05411]
106824214  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
106824372  IL6; interleukin-6 [KO:K05405]
106824389  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
106824547  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106824582  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106824699  [KO:K05414]
106824700  [KO:K05414]
106824701  [KO:K05414]
106824784  [KO:K05414]
106824785  [KO:K05414]
106824786  [KO:K05414]
106824966  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X2 [KO:K09447]
106824993  PIK3R2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
106825034  TNF; tumor necrosis factor isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
106825297  [KO:K05402]
106825518  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106825588  [KO:K05403]
106825607  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106825951  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
106827712  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
106828056  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106828271  [KO:K05414]
106828272  [KO:K05415]
106828796  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta [KO:K11220]
106828814  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
106828957  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
106829313  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106829548  TLR5; toll-like receptor 5 [KO:K10168]
106830236  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X2 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106831384  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106831473  [KO:K05409]
106831951  SPP1; osteopontin [KO:K06250]
106832166  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
106832322  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106832333  TICAM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
106832840  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 [KO:K05130]
106832843  IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05131]
106832955  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X2 [KO:K11221]
106833477  JUN; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
106833569  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
106833890  [KO:K05414]
106834020  [KO:K05403]
106834164  [KO:K05415]
106834179  [KO:K05415]
106834202  [KO:K05415]
106834265  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
106835071  [KO:K05399]
106835090  [KO:K05399]
106835113  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
106835457  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106836695  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106836857  TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 [KO:K04403]
106837218  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404]
106837480  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
106837968  MAP3K8; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 [KO:K04415] [EC:2.7.11.25]
106838100  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
106838557  [KO:K04519]
106838751  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
106838803  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
106839182  LY96; lymphocyte antigen 96 [KO:K05400]
106839421  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106839537  IRF5; interferon regulatory factor 5 [KO:K09446]
106839597  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106839629  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 [KO:K03174]
106840141  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
106840371  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K05401]
106840518  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392]
106840602  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106841512  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X2 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
106843047  CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160]
106843289  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106843729  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106844503  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106844660  CCL5; C-C motif chemokine 5 [KO:K12499]
106844665  [KO:K05408]
106844666  [KO:K05408]
106844667  [KO:K05408]
106844668  [KO:K12964]
106845632  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106845730  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
106846005  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106846006  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106846533  CTSK; cathepsin K isoform X1 [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
106846705  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
106846789  CXCL10; C-X-C motif chemokine 10 [KO:K12671]
106846798  CXCL11; C-X-C motif chemokine 11 [KO:K12672]
106846803  CXCL9; C-X-C motif chemokine 9 isoform X1 [KO:K05416]
106847421  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
106847888  RIPK1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
106848262  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
106848581  IRF9; interferon regulatory factor 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04693]
106848633  TLR8; toll-like receptor 8 isoform X1 [KO:K10170]
106848661  TLR7; toll-like receptor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K05404]
123280233  [KO:K05414]
123280237  [KO:K05414]
123280245  [KO:K05414]
123280255  [KO:K05415]
123280259  [KO:K05414]
123280293  [KO:K05415]
123286234  [KO:K04519]
123286693  [KO:K04519]
Reference
PMID:17275323
  Authors
Kawai T, Akira S.
  Title
TLR signaling.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 19:24-32 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2006.12.004
Reference
PMID:17457343
  Authors
O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
  Title
The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 7:353-64 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nri2079
Reference
PMID:16932750
  Authors
Honda K, Taniguchi T.
  Title
IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 6:644-58 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nri1900
Reference
PMID:17395581
  Authors
Uematsu S, Akira S.
  Title
Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:15319-23 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.R700009200
Reference
PMID:16497588
  Authors
Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
  Title
Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
  Journal
Cell 124:783-801 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.015
Reference
PMID:14698224
  Authors
Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
  Title
TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 40:861-8 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2003.10.006
Reference
PMID:12734364
  Authors
Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
  Title
The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Immunol 170:5165-75 (2003)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.170.10.5165
Reference
PMID:14751764
  Authors
Aderem A, Smith KD.
  Title
A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 16:55-67 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2003.10.002
Reference
PMID:17637696
  Authors
Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
  Title
Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
  Journal
Immunol Cell Biol 85:420-4 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/sj.icb.7100098
Reference
PMID:17507094
  Authors
Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
  Title
Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
  Journal
Mol Immunol 44:3715-23 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.002
Reference
PMID:11101877
  Authors
Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
  Title
Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
  Journal
Nat Immunol 1:533-40 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/82797
Reference
PMID:16924467
  Authors
Uematsu S, Akira S.
  Title
Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
  Journal
J Mol Med 84:712-25 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00109-006-0084-y
Related
pathway
eai04010  MAPK signaling pathway
eai04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
eai04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
eai04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
eai04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
eai04210  Apoptosis
eai04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
eai04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04620   

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