Entry
Name
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Equus asinus (ass)
Description
The phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and survival. The binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) stimulates class Ia and Ib PI3K isoforms, respectively. PI3K catalyzes the production of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) at the cell membrane. PIP3 in turn serves as a second messenger that helps to activate Akt. Once active, Akt can control key cellular processes by phosphorylating substrates involved in apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism, and cell cycle.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Equus asinus (ass) [GN:
eai ]
Gene
106821933 EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B isoform X2 [KO:K03259 ]
106822667 PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456 ]
106823181 PPP2R3A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K11583 ]
106824013 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
106824733 OSMR; oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta isoform X3 [KO:K05057 ]
106824750 PRKAA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198 ] [EC:2.7.11.31 ]
106824793 GDNF; glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor isoform X1 [KO:K05452 ]
106824993 PIK3R2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
106825068 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
106825232 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
106825951 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
106826447 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 isoform X2 [KO:K04549 ]
106826528 NGFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 [KO:K02583 ]
106826827 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
106826868 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
106826929 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 isoform X1 [KO:K04347 ]
106827140 PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
106827389 CSF1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05453 ]
106827859 COL4A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-3(IV) chain [KO:K06237 ]
106828159 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
106828529 IL6R; interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05055 ]
106828716 PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
106828747 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform X1 [KO:K05448 ]
106829083 IL4R; interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05071 ]
106829312 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
106829313 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
106829795 EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357 ]
106829982 CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
106829990 CHRM2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 isoform X2 [KO:K04130 ]
106830292 GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364 ]
106830549 CSF3R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor [KO:K05061 ]
106830903 PHLPP2; PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106831009 ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049 ]
106831046 CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
106831440 FGF23; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428 ]
106832323 CREB3L3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
106832858 PHLPP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K16340 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106833607 PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K11584 ]
106833635 VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B isoform X1 [KO:K16858 ]
106833795 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05068 ]
106834013 PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
106834157 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
106834655 PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
106834701 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
106834748 PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X3 [KO:K04359 ]
106835273 EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X1 [KO:K03258 ]
106836191 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 isoform X2 [KO:K04547 ]
106836240 MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266 ]
106836695 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
106836855 PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B isoform X1 [KO:K17386 ]
106837135 MAGI2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K05629 ]
106837154 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
106837686 EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205 ]
106837905 ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04450 ]
106838100 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
106838669 FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
106838801 PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583 ]
106838935 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
106838940 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
106839145 PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
106839312 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
106839490 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07826 ]
106839642 PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X4 [KO:K11584 ]
106839823 PPP2R2B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform [KO:K04354 ]
106840141 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
106840324 PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K03456 ]
106840518 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
106841056 PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
106841578 VEGFD; vascular endothelial growth factor D isoform X1 [KO:K05449 ]
106842092 PIK3AP1; phosphoinositide 3-kinase adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12230 ]
106842425 PPP2R3B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta [KO:K11583 ]
106842437 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
106842655 MAGI1; membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05631 ]
106843990 CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
106844246 FGF4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358 ]
106844478 PPP2R2C; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04354 ]
106844842 EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
106845218 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
106845645 RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
106845727 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
106845751 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K21290 ]
106846249 CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K09048 ]
106846251 CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333 ]
106846353 EIF4E; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E isoform X1 [KO:K03259 ]
106846539 MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 [KO:K02539 ]
106846981 CREB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
106847320 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07825 ]
123281285 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
Compound
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Engelman JA, Luo J, Cantley LC
Title
The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Song G, Ouyang G, Bao S
Title
The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hers I, Vincent EE, Tavare JM
Title
Akt signalling in health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Duronio V
Title
The life of a cell: apoptosis regulation by the PI3K/PKB pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim D, Chung J.
Title
Akt: versatile mediator of cell survival and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koyasu S
Title
The role of PI3K in immune cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Okkenhaug K, Vanhaesebroeck B.
Title
PI3K in lymphocyte development, differentiation and activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Richardson CJ, Schalm SS, Blenis J
Title
PI3-kinase and TOR: PIKTORing cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang X, Tang N, Hadden TJ, Rishi AK
Title
Akt, FoxO and regulation of apoptosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Georgescu MM
Title
PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control.
Journal
Reference
Authors
West KA, Castillo SS, Dennis PA
Title
Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wymann MP, Pirola L
Title
Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moelling K, Schad K, Bosse M, Zimmermann S, Schweneker M
Title
Regulation of Raf-Akt Cross-talk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kikani CK, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
"New"-clear functions of PDK1: beyond a master kinase in the cytosol?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Blume-Jensen P, Hunter T
Title
Oncogenic kinase signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Osaki M, Oshimura M, Ito H
Title
PI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noguchi M, Ropars V, Roumestand C, Suizu F
Title
Proto-oncogene TCL1: more than just a coactivator for Akt.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lemmon MA, Schlessinger J
Title
Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Skaper SD
Title
The neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors: an overview.
Journal
Related pathway
eai04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
eai04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway