Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut) [GN:
hhip ]
Gene
117751851 arfgap2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
117752036 zmp:0000000660; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18440 ]
117752047 acap1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
117752550 vps25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
117752606 rab11fip3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
117753009 chmp2a; charged multivesicular body protein 2a isoform X1 [KO:K12191 ]
117753800 asap1b; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
117753838 arfgef1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
117754025 chmp4c; charged multivesicular body protein 4c isoform X1 [KO:K24782 ]
117754191 sh3kbp1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
117755868 asap2a; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2a isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
117756011 ldlrap1b; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1b isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
117756089 asap3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
117756591 vps35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
117756753 vps29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
117756965 iqsec3a; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
117757286 waslb; WASP like actin nucleation promoting factor b isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
117757439 arfgap3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
117758051 igf2r; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06564 ]
117758497 si:dkey-71h2.2; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
117758705 asap2b; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2b [KO:K12488 ]
117758755 vta1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199 ]
117759165 vps26a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
117759620 rufy2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
117759887 dnajc6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
117760033 vps37c; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
117760489 zfyve9b; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
117760737 eps15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
117761037 unm_sa1614; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488 ]
117761274 sh3gl2a; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 2a, endophilin A1 isoform X1 [KO:K11247 ]
117761330 iqsec1b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
117761821 capzb; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
117762244 arfgap1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
117762711 iqsec3b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
117763102 rab11fip4b; rab11 family-interacting protein 4B isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
117763312 wasla; WASP like actin nucleation promoting factor a isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
117763847 vps4a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
117764378 agap2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
117764492 iqsec2b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
117765037 acap3a; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
117765057 arfgef2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
117765824 zgc:86896; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A-A isoform X1 [KO:K05757 ]
117765836 il2rb; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069 ]
117766345 hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
117767681 git2a; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2a isoform X1 [KO:K12487 ]
117767766 rab11fip1a; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
117769181 arap3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
117769761 rufy1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12482 ]
117769766 vps37a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
117770157 vps28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
117770277 pdcd6ip; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
117770473 pard6gb; par-6 family cell polarity regulator gamma b [KO:K06093 ]
117770711 ldlrap1a; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1a isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
117770797 vps45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
117771096 smap2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
117771721 smad2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
117771736 git2b; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2b isoform X1 [KO:K12487 ]
117771800 zfyve16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
117773840 rabep1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
117773966 vps37d; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
117774538 vps36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
117774776 vps26bl; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B-like [KO:K18466 ]
117775094 gbf1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
117777208 bin1b; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1b isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
117777649 zfyve9a; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
117778018 agap3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
117779396 si:dkey-19b23.8; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 [KO:K12474 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
hhip04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hhip04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
hhip04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway