Entry Name Platelet activation - Mirounga leonina (Southern elephant seal)
Description Platelets play a key and beneficial role for primary hemostasis on the disruption of the integrity of vessel wall. Platelet adhesion and activation at sites of vascular wall injury is initiated by adhesion to adhesive macromolecules, such as collagen and von Willebrand factor (vWF), or by soluble platelet agonists, such as ADP, thrombin, and thromboxane A2. Different receptors are stimulated by various agonists, almost converging in increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration that stimulate platelet shape change and granule secretion and ultimately induce the "inside-out" signaling process leading to activation of the ligand-binding function of integrin alpha IIb beta 3. Binding of alpha IIb beta 3 to its ligands, mainly fibrinogen, mediates platelet adhesion and aggregation and triggers "outside-in" signaling, resulting in platelet spreading, additional granule secretion, stabilization of platelet adhesion and aggregation, and clot retraction.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Mirounga leonina (Southern elephant seal) [GN:
mlx ]
Gene 117998070 ARHGEF1; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12330 ]
117998144 VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein isoform X1 [KO:K06274 ]
118000062 PIK3R6; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
118000064 PIK3R5; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
118001326 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
118003092 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
118003724 SNAP23; synaptosomal-associated protein 23 isoform X1 [KO:K08508 ]
118004424 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
118005236 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
118005775 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
118006042 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
118006556 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
118008531 PPP1R12A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270 ]
118011244 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
118011247 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
118013325 ARHGEF12; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 isoform X1 [KO:K07532 ]
118016863 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
118018186 ADAMTS13; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 [KO:K08627 ] [EC:3.4.24.87 ]
118018437 ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 [KO:K16056 ]
118019030 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630 ]
118019468 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
118020028 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
118020625 PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K21289 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
118020679 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
118024340 GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639 ]
118025560 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
118026266 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
118026576 APBB1IP; amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K17704 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Li Z, Delaney MK, O'Brien KA, Du X
Title Signaling during platelet adhesion and activation.
Journal Reference Authors Broos K, De Meyer SF, Feys HB, Vanhoorelbeke K, Deckmyn H
Title Blood platelet biochemistry.
Journal Reference Authors Jurk K, Kehrel BE
Title Platelets: physiology and biochemistry.
Journal Reference Authors Offermanns S
Title Activation of platelet function through G protein-coupled receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Varga-Szabo D, Pleines I, Nieswandt B
Title Cell adhesion mechanisms in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Yin H, Liu J, Li Z, Berndt MC, Lowell CA, Du X
Title Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn mediates VWF/GPIb-IX-induced platelet activation via the cGMP signaling pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Bergmeier W, Stefanini L
Title Novel molecules in calcium signaling in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Cifuni SM, Wagner DD, Bergmeier W
Title CalDAG-GEFI and protein kinase C represent alternative pathways leading to activation of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 in platelets.
Journal Reference Authors Heemskerk JW, Mattheij NJ, Cosemans JM
Title Platelet-based coagulation: different populations, different functions.
Journal Reference Authors Rivera J, Lozano ML, Navarro-Nunez L, Vicente V
Title Platelet receptors and signaling in the dynamics of thrombus formation.
Journal Reference Authors Banno A, Ginsberg MH
Title Integrin activation.
Journal Reference Authors Angiolillo DJ, Ferreiro JL
Title Platelet adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor antagonism: benefits and limitations of current treatment strategies and future directions.
Journal Reference Authors Joo SJ
Title Mechanisms of Platelet Activation and Integrin alphaIIbeta3.
Journal Reference Authors Harper MT, Poole AW
Title Diverse functions of protein kinase C isoforms in platelet activation and thrombus formation.
Journal Reference Authors Fitch-Tewfik JL, Flaumenhaft R
Title Platelet granule exocytosis: a comparison with chromaffin cells.
Journal Reference Authors Boylan B, Gao C, Rathore V, Gill JC, Newman DK, Newman PJ
Title Identification of FcgammaRIIa as the ITAM-bearing receptor mediating alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in integrin signaling in human platelets.
Journal Related mlx04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
KO pathway
