KEGG   PATHWAY: mlf05224
Entry
mlf05224                    Pathway                                
Name
Breast cancer - Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat)
Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The vast majority of breast cancers are carcinomas that originate from cells lining the milk-forming ducts of the mammary gland. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, which are based on the presence or absence of hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone subtypes) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), include: hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative (luminal A subtype), hormone receptor positive and HER2 positive (luminal B subtype), hormone receptor negative and HER2 positive (HER2 positive), and hormone receptor negative and HER2 negative (basal-like or triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs)). Hormone receptor positive breast cancers are largely driven by the estrogen/ER pathway. In HER2 positive breast tumours, HER2 activates the PI3K/AKT and the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathways, and stimulate cell growth, survival and differentiation. In patients suffering from TNBC, the deregulation of various signalling pathways (Notch and Wnt/beta-catenin), EGFR protein have been confirmed. In the case of breast cancer only 8% of all cancers are hereditary, a phenomenon linked to genetic changes in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Somatic mutations in only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA and GATA3) occurred at >10% incidence across all breast cancers.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
Pathway map
mlf05224  Breast cancer
mlf05224

Organism
Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat) [GN:mlf]
Gene
102440234  ESR1; estrogen receptor [KO:K08550]
102427484  ESR2; estrogen receptor beta isoform X1 [KO:K08551]
102443319  NCOA1; nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09101] [EC:2.3.1.48]
102432954  NCOA3; nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform X1 [KO:K11256] [EC:2.3.1.48]
102417433  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
102437415  JUN; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
102419937  SP1; transcription factor Sp1 [KO:K04684]
102441858  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 isoform X1 [KO:K04503]
102426511  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
102433775  WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 [KO:K03209]
102427077  TNFSF11; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 [KO:K05473]
102427788  ERBB2; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102431344  FGF1; fibroblast growth factor 1 [KO:K18496]
111825710  FGF2; fibroblast growth factor 2 [KO:K18497]
102420818  FGF16; fibroblast growth factor 16 [KO:K04358]
102438838  FGF10; fibroblast growth factor 10 [KO:K04358]
102421786  FGF6; fibroblast growth factor 6 [KO:K04358]
102422136  FGF5; fibroblast growth factor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
102432454  FGF20; fibroblast growth factor 20 [KO:K04358]
102442835  FGF9; fibroblast growth factor 9 [KO:K04358]
102426314  FGF4; fibroblast growth factor 4 [KO:K04358]
102428863  FGF7; fibroblast growth factor 7 [KO:K04358]
102428528  FGF22; fibroblast growth factor 22 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
102429928  FGF8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 8 [KO:K04358]
102426634  FGF3; fibroblast growth factor 3 [KO:K04358]
102440432  FGF18; fibroblast growth factor 18 [KO:K04358]
102426451  FGF17; fibroblast growth factor 17 isoform X1 [KO:K04358]
102426004  FGF19; fibroblast growth factor 19 [KO:K22603]
102432520  FGF21; fibroblast growth factor 21 [KO:K22429]
102439118  fibroblast growth factor 21-like [KO:K22429]
102432233  FGF23; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: fibroblast growth factor 23 [KO:K22428]
102423450  FGFR1; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102424041  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
102430595  IGF1R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102424256  EGF; pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357]
102435209  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102442787  KIT; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit isoform X2 [KO:K05091] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102430334  SHC1; SHC-transforming protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06279]
102435382  SHC3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
102431548  SHC4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SHC-transforming protein 4 [KO:K17449]
102421027  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
102442926  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099]
102437531  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
102431999  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
102430744  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
102420799  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102435241  BRAF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102434453  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102417411  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102423748  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102417755  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102422236  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102422649  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102441064  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102433534  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102427890  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
102441522  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102429230  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
102426106  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
102419324  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102428304  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
102443221  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102439923  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102434974  MTOR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102429245  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102433676  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102418962  JAG1; protein jagged-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06052]
102418841  DLL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: delta-like protein 1 [KO:K06051]
102440726  DLL3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: delta-like protein 3 [KO:K06051]
102438421  DLL4; delta-like protein 4 [KO:K06051]
106695521  NOTCH1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 [KO:K02599]
102430236  NOTCH2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 [KO:K20994]
102424223  NOTCH3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 [KO:K20995]
102417036  HES1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor HES-1 [KO:K06054]
102440048  HEY1; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 [KO:K09091]
102434913  HEY2; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 2 [KO:K09091]
102438851  HEYL; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like protein [KO:K09091]
102430005  FLT4; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 [KO:K05097] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102439094  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06625]
102426307  NFKB2; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit [KO:K04469]
102417121  WNT2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
102440610  WNT2B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
102429304  WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
102422483  WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a [KO:K00444]
102436468  WNT5B; protein Wnt-5b [KO:K00444]
102420490  WNT6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
102440256  WNT7A; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
102417803  WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform X1 [KO:K00714]
102427177  WNT8B; protein Wnt-8b [KO:K00714]
102427165  WNT9A; protein Wnt-9a [KO:K01064]
102417616  WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b [KO:K01064]
102425605  WNT10A; protein Wnt-10a isoform X1 [KO:K01357]
102436360  WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b [KO:K01357]
102429600  WNT11; protein Wnt-11 isoform X1 [KO:K01384]
102440107  WNT16; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein Wnt-16 [KO:K01558]
102438581  FZD1; frizzled-1 [KO:K02432]
102433622  FZD7; frizzled-7 [KO:K02432]
102437539  FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02329]
102432960  FZD4; frizzled-4 isoform X1 [KO:K02354]
102429852  FZD5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
102420951  FZD8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-8 [KO:K02375]
102442257  FZD6; frizzled-6 [KO:K02376]
102435819  FZD9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
102427391  LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
102423336  LRP5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068]
102424701  DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353]
102419260  DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353]
102425438  proto-oncogene FRAT1 [KO:K03069]
102428794  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X13 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
102421524  AXIN1; axin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02157]
102432404  AXIN2; axin-2 [KO:K04385]
102438347  APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform X2 [KO:K02085]
102420488  APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02085]
102441147  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02105]
102433998  CSNK1A1; casein kinase I isoform X4 [KO:K08957] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102433022  TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform X4 [KO:K02620]
102417756  TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490]
102428683  TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform X5 [KO:K04491]
102439262  LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04492]
102431418  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X2 [KO:K04451]
102428736  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
102427327  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04402]
102429644  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
102417074  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
102437326  BAK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [KO:K14021]
102422583  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
102435990  POLK; DNA polymerase kappa isoform X1 [KO:K03511] [EC:2.7.7.7]
102431798  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102430068  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102436007  RB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: retinoblastoma-associated protein [KO:K06618]
102421766  E2F1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
102418995  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 [KO:K09389]
102422093  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
102434930  BRCA1; breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein isoform X1 [KO:K10605] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102430585  BRCA2; breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein isoform X1 [KO:K08775]
Compound
C00410  Progesterone
C00951  Estradiol-17beta
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:24649067
  Authors
Zhang MH, Man HT, Zhao XD, Dong N, Ma SL
  Title
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer molecular signatures and therapeutic potentials (Review).
  Journal
Biomed Rep 2:41-52 (2014)
DOI:10.3892/br.2013.187
Reference
PMID:27390604
  Authors
Dai X, Xiang L, Li T, Bai Z
  Title
Cancer Hallmarks, Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes.
  Journal
J Cancer 7:1281-94 (2016)
DOI:10.7150/jca.13141
Reference
PMID:20436504
  Authors
Schnitt SJ
  Title
Classification and prognosis of invasive breast cancer: from morphology to molecular taxonomy.
  Journal
Mod Pathol 23 Suppl 2:S60-4 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/modpathol.2010.33
Reference
PMID:23000897
  Authors
  Title
Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours.
  Journal
Nature 490:61-70 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11412
Reference
PMID:22178455
  Authors
Eroles P, Bosch A, Perez-Fidalgo JA, Lluch A
  Title
Molecular biology in breast cancer: intrinsic subtypes and signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Treat Rev 38:698-707 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.11.005
Reference
  Authors
Karamouzis MV, Papavassiliou KA, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG.
  Title
Targeting androgen/estrogen receptors crosstalk in cancer
  Journal
Trends Cancer 2:35-48 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.trecan.2015.12.001
Reference
  Authors
Sharp A, Harper-Wynne C.
  Title
Treatment of advanced breast cancer (ABC): the expanding landscape of targeted therapies
  Journal
J Cancer Biol Res 2:1036 (2014)
Reference
PMID:24596345
  Authors
Byler S, Goldgar S, Heerboth S, Leary M, Housman G, Moulton K, Sarkar S
  Title
Genetic and epigenetic aspects of breast cancer progression and therapy.
  Journal
Anticancer Res 34:1071-7 (2014)
Reference
PMID:23988612
  Authors
Mohamed A, Krajewski K, Cakar B, Ma CX
  Title
Targeted therapy for breast cancer.
  Journal
Am J Pathol 183:1096-112 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.005
Reference
PMID:22722193
  Authors
Ellis MJ, Ding L, Shen D, Luo J, Suman VJ, Wallis JW, Van Tine BA, Hoog J, Goiffon RJ, Goldstein TC, Ng S, Lin L, Crowder R, Snider J, Ballman K, Weber J, Chen K, Koboldt DC, Kandoth C, Schierding WS, McMichael JF, Miller CA, Lu C, Harris CC, McLellan MD, Wendl MC, DeSchryver K, Allred DC, Esserman L, Unzeitig G, Margenthaler J, Babiera GV, Marcom PK, Guenther JM, Leitch M, Hunt K, Olson J, Tao Y, Maher CA, Fulton LL, Fulton RS, Harrison M, Oberkfell B, Du F, Demeter R, Vickery TL, Elhammali A, Piwnica-Worms H, McDonald S, Watson M, Dooling DJ, Ota D, Chang LW, Bose R, Ley TJ, Piwnica-Worms D, Stuart JM, Wilson RK, Mardis ER
  Title
Whole-genome analysis informs breast cancer response to aromatase inhibition.
  Journal
Nature 486:353-60 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11143
Reference
PMID:25907219
  Authors
Ma CX, Reinert T, Chmielewska I, Ellis MJ
  Title
Mechanisms of aromatase inhibitor resistance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 15:261-75 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3920
Reference
PMID:16113099
  Authors
Butt AJ, McNeil CM, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL
  Title
Downstream targets of growth factor and oestrogen signalling and endocrine resistance: the potential roles of c-Myc, cyclin D1 and cyclin E.
  Journal
Endocr Relat Cancer 12 Suppl 1:S47-59 (2005)
DOI:10.1677/erc.1.00993
Reference
PMID:24111892
  Authors
Dasgupta S, Lonard DM, O'Malley BW
  Title
Nuclear receptor coactivators: master regulators of human health and disease.
  Journal
Annu Rev Med 65:279-92 (2014)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-med-051812-145316
Reference
PMID:23702927
  Authors
Brisken C
  Title
Progesterone signalling in breast cancer: a neglected hormone coming into the limelight.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 13:385-96 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3518
Reference
PMID:20087430
  Authors
Scarpin KM, Graham JD, Mote PA, Clarke CL
  Title
Progesterone action in human tissues: regulation by progesterone receptor (PR) isoform expression, nuclear positioning and coregulator expression.
  Journal
Nucl Recept Signal 7:e009 (2009)
DOI:10.1621/nrs.07009
Reference
PMID:24291072
  Authors
Knutson TP, Lange CA
  Title
Tracking progesterone receptor-mediated actions in breast cancer.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 142:114-25 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.11.010
Reference
PMID:25544707
  Authors
Dittrich A, Gautrey H, Browell D, Tyson-Capper A
  Title
The HER2 Signaling Network in Breast Cancer--Like a Spider in its Web.
  Journal
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 19:253-70 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s10911-014-9329-5
Reference
PMID:21965336
  Authors
Higgins MJ, Baselga J
  Title
Targeted therapies for breast cancer.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 121:3797-803 (2011)
DOI:10.1172/JCI57152
Reference
PMID:26028978
  Authors
Mukohara T
  Title
PI3K mutations in breast cancer: prognostic and therapeutic implications.
  Journal
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 7:111-23 (2015)
DOI:10.2147/BCTT.S60696
Reference
PMID:19088017
  Authors
Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA
  Title
Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets.
  Journal
Clin Cancer Res 14:8010-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1208
Reference
PMID:21898546
  Authors
King TD, Suto MJ, Li Y
  Title
The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
  Journal
J Cell Biochem 113:13-8 (2012)
DOI:10.1002/jcb.23350
Reference
PMID:11737884
  Authors
Brown AM
  Title
Wnt signaling in breast cancer: have we come full circle?
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res 3:351-5 (2001)
DOI:10.1186/bcr321
Reference
PMID:21076461
  Authors
Geyer FC, Lacroix-Triki M, Savage K, Arnedos M, Lambros MB, MacKay A, Natrajan R, Reis-Filho JS
  Title
beta-Catenin pathway activation in breast cancer is associated with triple-negative phenotype but not with CTNNB1 mutation.
  Journal
Mod Pathol 24:209-31 (2011)
DOI:10.1038/modpathol.2010.205
Reference
PMID:20971825
  Authors
Al-Hussaini H, Subramanyam D, Reedijk M, Sridhar SS
  Title
Notch signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
  Journal
Mol Cancer Ther 10:9-15 (2011)
DOI:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0677
Reference
PMID:26968398
  Authors
Rangel MC, Bertolette D, Castro NP, Klauzinska M, Cuttitta F, Salomon DS
  Title
Developmental signaling pathways regulating mammary stem cells and contributing to the etiology of triple-negative breast cancer.
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res Treat 156:211-26 (2016)
DOI:10.1007/s10549-016-3746-7
Reference
PMID:26040571
  Authors
Jamdade VS, Sethi N, Mundhe NA, Kumar P, Lahkar M, Sinha N
  Title
Therapeutic targets of triple-negative breast cancer: a review.
  Journal
Br J Pharmacol 172:4228-37 (2015)
DOI:10.1111/bph.13211
Reference
PMID:23196196
  Authors
Karamboulas C, Ailles L
  Title
Developmental signaling pathways in cancer stem cells of solid tumors.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1830:2481-95 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.008
Reference
PMID:23881035
  Authors
Ignatiadis M, Sotiriou C
  Title
Luminal breast cancer: from biology to treatment.
  Journal
Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10:494-506 (2013)
DOI:10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.124
Reference
PMID:25013431
  Authors
Shin SJ, Gong G, Lee HJ, Kang J, Bae YK, Lee A, Cho EY, Lee JS, Suh KS, Lee DW, Jung WH
  Title
Positive expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor is associated with a positive hormone receptor status and a favorable prognosis in breast cancer.
  Journal
J Breast Cancer 17:113-20 (2014)
DOI:10.4048/jbc.2014.17.2.113
Reference
PMID:11879567
  Authors
Gasco M, Shami S, Crook T
  Title
The p53 pathway in breast cancer.
  Journal
Breast Cancer Res 4:70-6 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/bcr426
Reference
PMID:15343273
  Authors
Narod SA, Foulkes WD
  Title
BRCA1 and BRCA2: 1994 and beyond.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 4:665-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1431
Related
pathway
mlf03440  Homologous recombination
mlf04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mlf04110  Cell cycle
mlf04115  p53 signaling pathway
mlf04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
mlf04310  Wnt signaling pathway
mlf04330  Notch signaling pathway
mlf04915  Estrogen signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05224   
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