KEGG   PATHWAY: mcc04932
Entry
mcc04932                    Pathway                                
Name
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)
Description
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to more severe steatohepatitis with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH may further lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This map shows a stage-dependent progression of NAFLD. In the first stage of NAFLD, excess lipid accumulation has been demonstrated. The main cause is the induction of insulin resistance, which leads to a defect in insulin suppression of free fatty acids (FAAs) disposal. In addition, two transcription factors, SREBP-1c and PPAR-alpha, activate key enzymes of lipogenesis and increase the synthesis of FAAs in liver. In the second stage, as a consequence of the progression to NASH, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is enhanced due to oxidation stress through mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids and endoplamic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to lipid peroxidation. The lipid peroxidation can further cause the production of cytokines (Fas ligand, TNF-alpha, IL-8 and TGF), promoting cell death, inflammation and fibrosis. The activation of JNK, which is induced by ER stress, TNF-alpha and FAAs, is also associated with NAFLD progression. Increased JNK promotes cytokine production and initiation of HCC.
Class
Human Diseases; Endocrine and metabolic disease
Pathway map
mcc04932  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
mcc04932

Disease
H01333  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Organism
Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:mcc]
Gene
100423866  [KO:K02272]
100424587  [KO:K02268]
100425223  CYCS; cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100425255  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
100425382  COX6B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
100426173  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
100426724  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X2 [KO:K04726]
100428417  COX6C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
100428437  COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
100429280  COX7C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
100430178  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
106992278  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
106992283  [KO:K02270]
106992315  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X2 [KO:K13375]
106993150  [KO:K02273]
106994854  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03947]
106994954  [KO:K02268]
106995399  [KO:K08738]
106996000  [KO:K02273]
106998836  [KO:K02272]
107000976  [KO:K11351]
114669719  [KO:K07415] [EC:1.14.14.-]
114669847  [KO:K03938]
114669866  [KO:K07415] [EC:1.14.14.-]
114669899  [KO:K03948]
114671073  [KO:K02272]
114671531  [KO:K03948]
114673956  [KO:K02272]
114674848  [KO:K02270]
114675522  [KO:K03959]
114677410  [KO:K02272]
114678228  [KO:K02272]
114678786  [KO:K02272]
114679364  [KO:K02272]
114679428  [KO:K02272]
114680400  [KO:K02272]
2846624  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
2846625  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
2846628  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
2846633  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
574126  LEPR; leptin receptor [KO:K05062]
574159  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
574190  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [KO:K08530]
574212  ADIPOQ; adiponectin precursor [KO:K07296]
574332  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 precursor [KO:K04390]
613028  CXCL8; interleukin-8 precursor [KO:K10030]
613250  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha [KO:K07294]
641333  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
677864  UQCRC1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
678688  CYP2E1; cytochrome P450 2E1 precursor [KO:K07415] [EC:1.14.14.-]
692060  COX7AH; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7AH [KO:K02270]
692061  COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02264]
692062  COX6B1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
693431  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03958]
693482  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
693506  [KO:K03938]
693811  COX4I1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
694473  CASP3; caspase-3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
694520  [KO:K03949]
694635  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
694795  [KO:K03959]
695066  [KO:K03949]
695558  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
695737  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
696956  [KO:K02266]
697082  BCL2L11; bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform X1 [KO:K16341]
697242  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
697409  [KO:K02264]
697633  CASP7; caspase-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
697681  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03954]
697736  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
697745  NDUFB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
697747  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
697843  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
697967  UQCRC2; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
698225  [KO:K08738]
698536  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
698706  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
698728  LEP; leptin precursor [KO:K05424]
698996  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649]
699575  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
699736  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform 1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
699806  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199]
699810  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
699951  [KO:K08738]
700087  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
700193  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha precursor [KO:K04383]
700518  CYC1; cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
700591  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
700718  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
700944  NDUFB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
701223  [KO:K00417]
701246  [KO:K08738]
701661  [KO:K02265]
701966  [KO:K00236]
702077  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
702309  [KO:K00236]
702488  [KO:K08738]
702781  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
702782  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 isoform X2 [KO:K07200]
703685  [KO:K02268]
703965  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
704137  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03937]
704336  [KO:K00236]
704534  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
704626  ADIPOR1; adiponectin receptor protein 1 [KO:K07297]
704683  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
704701  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta precursor [KO:K04519]
704867  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962]
705004  [KO:K03947]
705178  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
705449  [KO:K08738]
705819  IL6; interleukin-6 precursor [KO:K05405]
705874  MLXIP; MLX-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K09113]
705984  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
706009  INSR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
706067  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
706099  COX7B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
706912  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
706972  SREBF1; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07197]
707037  GSK3A; glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha [KO:K08822] [EC:2.7.11.26]
707227  [KO:K02265]
707310  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
707547  ADIPOR2; adiponectin receptor protein 2 [KO:K07297]
707637  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393]
707640  ITCH; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Itchy homolog isoform X1 [KO:K05632] [EC:2.3.2.26]
707870  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
707968  UQCRH; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
708018  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
708391  TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
708396  UQCR; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, 6.4kDa subunit [KO:K00420]
708821  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961]
708950  UQCRQ; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit VII, 9.5kDa [KO:K00418]
709298  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 [KO:K07200]
709426  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
709640  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
709959  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
710150  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
710274  [KO:K02265]
710324  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit [KO:K02580]
710521  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
710552  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
710570  MLX; max-like protein X isoform X4 [KO:K09113]
710845  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
711115  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
711212  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K03951]
711309  [KO:K08738]
711326  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral membrane protein [KO:K00237]
711382  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
711387  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
711412  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
711970  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
712148  [KO:K08738]
712764  COX7A2L; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
713040  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
713095  COX4I2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
713114  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
713428  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
713679  NR1H3; oxysterols receptor LXR-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08536]
713863  XBP1; X-box-binding protein 1 isoform XBP1(U) [KO:K09027]
713995  COX6A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
714483  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
714717  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
714901  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
715467  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
715680  SOCS3; suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 [KO:K04696]
715745  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
715782  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
715794  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
715919  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
716038  MAP3K11; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 [KO:K04419] [EC:2.7.11.25]
716056  [KO:K08738]
716098  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
716452  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
716666  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
716690  IL6R; interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K05055]
717153  CEBPA; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha [KO:K09055]
717703  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
717751  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
717755  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392]
717849  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
717879  [KO:K02270]
718007  COX8A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
718553  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
718948  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
718976  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
719085  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
719152  PKLR; pyruvate kinase PKLR isoform X1 [KO:K12406] [EC:2.7.1.40]
719367  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
719935  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
719978  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236]
720093  MLXIPL; carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K09113]
720636  [KO:K00419]
721259  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
721639  [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
721906  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03953]
722033  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
722068  RXRA; retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08524]
722400  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944]
723069  [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
Compound
C00031  D-Glucose
C00162  Fatty acid
Reference
PMID:23545492
  Authors
Naik A, Kosir R, Rozman D
  Title
Genomic aspects of NAFLD pathogenesis.
  Journal
Genomics 102:84-95 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.03.007
Reference
PMID:19352614
  Authors
Malaguarnera M, Di Rosa M, Nicoletti F, Malaguarnera L
  Title
Molecular mechanisms involved in NAFLD progression.
  Journal
J Mol Med (Berl) 87:679-95 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s00109-009-0464-1
Reference
PMID:22705006
  Authors
Seki E, Brenner DA, Karin M
  Title
A liver full of JNK: signaling in regulation of cell function and disease pathogenesis, and clinical approaches.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 143:307-20 (2012)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.06.004
Reference
PMID:21038418
  Authors
Tilg H, Moschen AR
  Title
Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis.
  Journal
Hepatology 52:1836-46 (2010)
DOI:10.1002/hep.24001
Reference
PMID:16364488
  Authors
Larter CZ, Farrell GC
  Title
Insulin resistance, adiponectin, cytokines in NASH: Which is the best target to treat?
  Journal
J Hepatol 44:253-61 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.11.030
Reference
PMID:22570745
  Authors
Farrell GC, van Rooyen D, Gan L, Chitturi S
  Title
NASH is an Inflammatory Disorder: Pathogenic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications.
  Journal
Gut Liver 6:149-71 (2012)
DOI:10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.149
Reference
PMID:20619513
  Authors
Shapiro H, Tehilla M, Attal-Singer J, Bruck R, Luzzatti R, Singer P
  Title
The therapeutic potential of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
Clin Nutr 30:6-19 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2010.06.001
Reference
PMID:20303879
  Authors
Hotamisligil GS
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the inflammatory basis of metabolic disease.
  Journal
Cell 140:900-17 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.034
Reference
PMID:17498512
  Authors
Parekh S, Anania FA
  Title
Abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism in obesity: implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 132:2191-207 (2007)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.055
Reference
PMID:16374858
  Authors
Schattenberg JM, Singh R, Wang Y, Lefkowitch JH, Rigoli RM, Scherer PE, Czaja MJ
  Title
JNK1 but not JNK2 promotes the development of steatohepatitis in mice.
  Journal
Hepatology 43:163-72 (2006)
DOI:10.1002/hep.20999
Reference
PMID:22940046
  Authors
Leung TM, Nieto N
  Title
CYP2E1 and oxidant stress in alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 58:395-8 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2012.08.018
Reference
PMID:14685853
  Authors
Zafrani ES
  Title
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an emerging pathological spectrum.
  Journal
Virchows Arch 444:3-12 (2004)
DOI:10.1007/s00428-003-0943-7
Reference
PMID:12891546
  Authors
Feldstein AE, Canbay A, Angulo P, Taniai M, Burgart LJ, Lindor KD, Gores GJ
  Title
Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 125:437-43 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0016-5085(03)00907-7
Reference
PMID:16406828
  Authors
Begriche K, Igoudjil A, Pessayre D, Fromenty B
  Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction in NASH: causes, consequences and possible means to prevent it.
  Journal
Mitochondrion 6:1-28 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.mito.2005.10.004
Reference
PMID:9285483
  Authors
Leonarduzzi G, Scavazza A, Biasi F, Chiarpotto E, Camandola S, Vogel S, Dargel R, Poli G
  Title
The lipid peroxidation end product 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal up-regulates transforming growth factor beta1 expression in the macrophage lineage: a link between oxidative injury and fibrosclerosis.
  Journal
FASEB J 11:851-7 (1997)
DOI:10.1096/fasebj.11.11.9285483
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18242193
  Authors
Mantena SK, King AL, Andringa KK, Eccleston HB, Bailey SM
  Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of alcohol- and obesity-induced fatty liver diseases.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 44:1259-72 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.12.029
Reference
PMID:18061659
  Authors
Serviddio G, Sastre J, Bellanti F, Vina J, Vendemiale G, Altomare E
  Title
Mitochondrial involvement in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
  Journal
Mol Aspects Med 29:22-35 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.mam.2007.09.014
Reference
PMID:23299992
  Authors
Begriche K, Massart J, Robin MA, Bonnet F, Fromenty B
  Title
Mitochondrial adaptations and dysfunctions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
  Journal
Hepatology 58:1497-507 (2013)
DOI:10.1002/hep.26226
Related
pathway
mcc00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
mcc00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
mcc03320  PPAR signaling pathway
mcc04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
mcc04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
mcc04210  Apoptosis
mcc04668  TNF signaling pathway
mcc04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
mcc04930  Type II diabetes mellitus
KO pathway
ko04932   

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