KEGG   PATHWAY: mlf05415
Entry
mlf05415                    Pathway                                
Name
Diabetic cardiomyopathy - Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat)
Description
Diabetic cardiomyopathy has been defined as left ventricular dysfunction that occurs among patients with diabetes mellitus independent of a recognized cause such as coronary artery disease or hypertension. The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy broadly involves hyperglycemia, increased circulating fatty acids, and insulin resistance contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired calcium metabolism, Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) activation, and altered substrate metabolism. These effects result in cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte death, contractile dysfunction, endothelial cell damage and eventually heart failure. In the process of cardiac fibrosis, cardiac fibroblasts are the final effector cell.
Class
Human Diseases; Cardiovascular disease
Pathway map
mlf05415  Diabetic cardiomyopathy
mlf05415

Organism
Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat) [GN:mlf]
Gene
102424587  SLC2A1; solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07299]
102419367  SLC2A4; solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K07191]
102420181  GFPT2; glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing] 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00820] [EC:2.6.1.16]
102443324  GFPT1; glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing] 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00820] [EC:2.6.1.16]
102428043  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta-like [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
102427134  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X5 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
102440347  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
102433630  RYR2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
102424805  PLN; cardiac phospholamban [KO:K05852]
102438797  ATP2A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102434429  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102431228  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102419937  SP1; transcription factor Sp1 [KO:K04684]
102429375  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
102442410  chymase isoform X1 [KO:K01329] [EC:3.4.21.39]
102436406  mast cell protease 4-like isoform X2 [KO:K01329] [EC:3.4.21.39]
102428240  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102432909  AGER; advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor [KO:K19722]
102435577  cytochrome b-245 heavy chain [KO:K21421] [EC:1.-.-.-]
102422967  NCF1; neutrophil cytosol factor 1 [KO:K08011]
102426831  cytochrome b-245 light chain isoform X1 [KO:K08009]
102441209  NCF2; neutrophil cytosol factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K08010]
102435667  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392]
102418852  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860]
102418550  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
102435748  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
102424236  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
102438914  mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102437934  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102430582  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102437455  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102418507  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102418715  MMP2; 72 kDa type IV collagenase [KO:K01398] [EC:3.4.24.24]
102417294  MMP9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
102434359  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236]
102440571  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain [KO:K06236]
102437005  COL3A1; collagen alpha-1(III) chain [KO:K19720]
102435068  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 [KO:K13375]
102431488  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
102441450  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 [KO:K13377]
102430938  CD36; platelet glycoprotein 4 [KO:K06259]
102434485  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha [KO:K07294]
102424376  CPT1B; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
102441796  PDK4; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 4 [KO:K00898] [EC:2.7.11.2]
102442744  PDK3; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00898] [EC:2.7.11.2]
102441379  PDK2; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00898] [EC:2.7.11.2]
102438932  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X2 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102431901  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102433000  PTPA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A activator [KO:K17605]
102437203  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102436383  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102429857  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit isoform X2 [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102417633  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102432707  CPT2; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K08766] [EC:2.3.1.21]
102430737  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
102437355  INSR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
102442509  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
102422649  PIK3CD; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102441064  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102433534  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102427890  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
102441522  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102429230  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
102426106  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
102419324  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
102428304  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
102443221  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102439923  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102434974  MTOR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102428794  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X13 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
102422372  GYS1; glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
102439331  GYS2; glycogen [starch] synthase, liver isoform X1 [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
102439723  TBC1D4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: TBC1 domain family member 4 [KO:K17902]
102422776  mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1-like [KO:K22138]
102435525  MPC1L; mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1-like protein [KO:K22138]
102420900  MPC2; mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 [KO:K22139]
102428851  PDHA2; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
102436339  PDHA1; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial [KO:K00161] [EC:1.2.4.1]
102429536  PDHB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K00162] [EC:1.2.4.1]
27214809  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214812  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214821  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214799  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214822  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214825  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
27214801  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102426339  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102423274  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102429252  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944]
102418704  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
102425409  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
102428878  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3-like [KO:K03947]
102418576  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
102423248  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 [KO:K03948]
102430417  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
102421407  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
102429063  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
102421078  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
102420888  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03953]
102440646  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03954]
102440573  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
102438041  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
102417554  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
102419958  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
102437342  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 isoform X2 [KO:K03957]
102420558  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
102437232  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
102431062  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
102430690  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961]
102438033  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962]
102421800  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
102428004  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
102423255  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
102420279  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
102441963  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
102424238  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102424038  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102417405  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102426889  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
102440837  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
102426533  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
102423828  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
102424870  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
106697030  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
102432739  NDUFC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
102418179  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
102433653  succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
102436578  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
102433574  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
27214826  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
102423565  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
102440900  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
102421212  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
102424537  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416]
102427903  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
102434005  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
102420689  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
102417966  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
27214796  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
27214817  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
27214819  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
102436135  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
102442350  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
102438422  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
102442031  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
102428328  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02265]
102427046  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
102419085  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
102424953  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
102436385  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102423763  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102424653  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102418419  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102422714  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C isoform X1 [KO:K02268]
102443151  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102439785  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102421764  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102419247  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
102433141  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
102438756  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
102434465  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
102435191  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02132]
102426717  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
102439741  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K02136]
102421814  ATP5F1D; ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
102437333  ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02135]
102443051  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
27214795  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
102436003  ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02127]
102419408  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
102432036  ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
102418089  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02128]
102433797  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
102427983  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
102442730  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
102436161  ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02137]
102426043  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
102431599  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131]
27214820  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
102433336  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862]
102431583  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
102441962  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
102425183  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
102423425  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
102442613  ADP/ATP translocase 3-like [KO:K05863]
102426982  ADP/ATP translocase 3-like [KO:K05863]
102435956  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
102431195  PPIF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
102419083  protein kinase C gamma type-like [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102436714  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase, endothelial [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
102422339  GAPDH; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform X2 [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
102431087  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00134] [EC:1.2.1.12]
102441916  PARP1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
102437266  G6PD; glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform X2 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
102432504  GSR; glutathione reductase, mitochondrial [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
102433176  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
102434274  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
102429768  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
102427892  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
102432706  1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102438291  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102432440  PLCB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102429686  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102441813  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102417726  ACE; angiotensin-converting enzyme isoform X2 [KO:K01283] [EC:3.4.15.1]
Compound
C00001  H2O
C00002  ATP
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00031  D-Glucose
C00043  UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine
C00051  Glutathione
C00076  Calcium cation
C00085  D-Fructose 6-phosphate
C00092  D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C00095  D-Fructose
C00118  D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
C00127  Glutathione disulfide
C00162  Fatty acid
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00195  N-Acylsphingosine
C00236  3-Phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate
C00318  L-Carnitine
C00352  D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate
C00369  Starch
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00704  Superoxide
C00794  D-Sorbitol
C00873  Angiotensin I
C02135  Angiotensin II
C02843  Long-chain acyl-CoA
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06156  alpha-D-Glucosamine 1-phosphate
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C21011  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine
C21012  [Protein]-N(epsilon)-(carboxyethyl)lysine
C21013  [Protein]-pyrraline
C21014  [Protein]-pentosidine
C22310  Fructose 3-phosphate
C22311  3-Deoxyglucosone
Reference
PMID:30443826
  Authors
Riehle C, Bauersachs J
  Title
Of mice and men: models and mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  Journal
Basic Res Cardiol 114:2 (2018)
DOI:10.1007/s00395-018-0711-0
Reference
PMID:24462787
  Authors
Huynh K, Bernardo BC, McMullen JR, Ritchie RH
  Title
Diabetic cardiomyopathy: mechanisms and new treatment strategies targeting antioxidant signaling pathways.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 142:375-415 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.003
Reference
PMID:28231848
  Authors
Lorenzo-Almoros A, Tunon J, Orejas M, Cortes M, Egido J, Lorenzo O
  Title
Diagnostic approaches for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Diabetol 16:28 (2017)
DOI:10.1186/s12933-017-0506-x
Reference
PMID:32080423
  Authors
Tan Y, Zhang Z, Zheng C, Wintergerst KA, Keller BB, Cai L
  Title
Mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential therapeutic strategies: preclinical and clinical evidence.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cardiol 17:585-607 (2020)
DOI:10.1038/s41569-020-0339-2
Reference
PMID:31212580
  Authors
Zamora M, Villena JA
  Title
Contribution of Impaired Insulin Signaling to the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 20:E2833 (2019)
DOI:10.3390/ijms20112833
Reference
PMID:29605388
  Authors
Palomer X, Pizarro-Delgado J, Vazquez-Carrera M
  Title
Emerging Actors in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Heartbreaker Biomarkers or Therapeutic Targets?
  Journal
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Related
pathway
mlf00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
mlf00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mlf00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
mlf00520  Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
mlf03320  PPAR signaling pathway
mlf04071  Sphingolipid signaling pathway
mlf04150  mTOR signaling pathway
mlf04210  Apoptosis
mlf04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
mlf04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
mlf04614  Renin-angiotensin system
mlf04910  Insulin signaling pathway
mlf04930  Type II diabetes mellitus
mlf04931  Insulin resistance
mlf04933  AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications
mlf04940  Type I diabetes mellitus
KO pathway
ko05415   
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