KEGG   PATHWAY: csab05012
Entry
csab05012                   Pathway                                
Name
Parkinson disease - Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey)
Description
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
csab05012  Parkinson disease
csab05012

Disease
H00057  Parkinson disease
Organism
Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey) [GN:csab]
Gene
103214808  [KO:K02128]
103214932  SLC6A3; solute carrier family 6 member 3 [KO:K05036]
103214941  NDUFS6; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S6 [KO:K03939]
103215231  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
103215235  [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
103215416  SLC18A1; solute carrier family 18 member A1 [KO:K08155]
103215453  SLC39A14; solute carrier family 39 member 14 [KO:K14720]
103215691  VDAC3; voltage dependent anion channel 3 [KO:K15041]
103215835  NDUFS8; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S8 [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103215844  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103215933  PPIF; peptidylprolyl isomerase F [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
103215964  VDAC2; voltage dependent anion channel 2 [KO:K15040]
103215984  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103216021  MCU; mitochondrial calcium uniporter [KO:K20858]
103216390  NDUFB8; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B8 [KO:K03964]
103216555  NDUFV1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1 [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103216582  SLC18A2; solute carrier family 18 member A2 [KO:K08155]
103216644  ATP5O; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, O subunit [KO:K02137]
103216844  TUBA3E; tubulin alpha 3e [KO:K07374]
103216985  [KO:K00236]
103217064  KIF5C; kinesin family member 5C [KO:K10396]
103217172  SOD1; superoxide dismutase 1 [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
103217175  PSMD14; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 14 [KO:K03030]
103217364  ATP5G3; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C3 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128]
103217393  NFE2L2; nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 [KO:K05638]
103217563  SLC39A10; solute carrier family 39 member 10 [KO:K14716]
103217629  NDUFB3; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3 [KO:K03959]
103217702  NDUFS1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103217773  ATP5J; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit F6 [KO:K02131]
103217904  TUBA4A; tubulin alpha 4a [KO:K07374]
103218204  NDUFA10; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A10 [KO:K03954]
103218332  PSMD1; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 [KO:K03032]
103218424  NDUFA9; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A9 [KO:K03953]
103218776  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
103218895  NDUFA8; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A8 [KO:K03952]
103218927  [KO:K00416]
103219027  TXN; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
103219306  NDUFB6; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B6 [KO:K03962]
103219478  NDUFV3; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit V3 [KO:K03944]
103219549  PRKACG; protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103219556  [KO:K08738]
103219870  [KO:K03949]
103219984  UBE2G2; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 G2 [KO:K04555] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103220019  HTRA2; HtrA serine peptidase 2 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
103220242  RPS27A; ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
103220326  CALM2; calmodulin 2 [KO:K02183]
103220405  COX7A2L; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 like [KO:K02270]
103220507  [KO:K05863]
103221134  PSMD2; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 2 [KO:K03028]
103221202  NDUFB5; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B5 [KO:K03961]
103221210  MFN1; mitofusin 1 [KO:K21356] [EC:3.6.5.-]
103221232  [KO:K03671]
103221350  NDUFS4; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 [KO:K03937]
103221478  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
103221654  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
103221662  DAXX; death domain associated protein [KO:K02308]
103221676  SLC39A7; solute carrier family 39 member 7 [KO:K14713]
103221819  TUBB; tubulin beta class I [KO:K07375]
103222274  [KO:K07375]
103222280  [KO:K07375]
103222477  ATP5A1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1, cardiac muscle [KO:K02132]
103222529  SLC39A6; solute carrier family 39 member 6 [KO:K14712]
103222611  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha 8 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103222752  NDUFV2; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V2 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103222785  GNAL; G protein subunit alpha L [KO:K04633]
103222808  TUBB6; tubulin beta 6 class V [KO:K07375]
103222884  TUBA8; tubulin alpha 8 [KO:K07374]
103222946  UBE2L3; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 L3 [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103222997  SEPT5; septin 5 [KO:K04557]
103223064  ADORA2A; adenosine A2a receptor [KO:K04266]
103223125  XBP1; X-box binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
103223148  UQCR10; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit X [KO:K00419]
103223247  TXN2; thioredoxin 2 [KO:K03671]
103223345  ATF4; activating transcription factor 4 [KO:K04374]
103223414  NDUFA6; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A6 [KO:K03950]
103223664  ATF6; activating transcription factor 6 [KO:K09054]
103223678  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C [KO:K00236]
103223688  NDUFS2; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S2 [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103223878  [KO:K03038]
103223940  SLC39A1; solute carrier family 39 member 1 [KO:K14709]
103224033  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta 4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103224043  PSMD4; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 4 [KO:K03029]
103224193  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 [KO:K10407]
103224226  ATP5F1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit B1 [KO:K02127]
103224284  GNAI3; G protein subunit alpha i3 [KO:K04630]
103224293  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha 5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103224540  PRKACB; protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103224843  [KO:K08738]
103224893  UQCRH; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein [KO:K00416]
103225005  [KO:K00236]
103225129  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta 2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103225256  [KO:K03950]
103225450  PINK1; PTEN induced putative kinase 1 [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103225507  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
103225550  CASP9; caspase 9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
103225593  MFN2; mitofusin 2 [KO:K06030] [EC:3.6.5.-]
103225665  [KO:K08738]
103225666  PARK7; Parkinsonism associated deglycase [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
103225813  UBE2J2; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J2 [KO:K04554] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103226136  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103226162  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha 2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103226351  [KO:K02927]
103226429  NDUFB10; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B10 [KO:K03966]
103226480  NDUFA4; NDUFA4, mitochondrial complex associated [KO:K03948]
103226516  SEM1; SEM1, 26S proteasome complex subunit [KO:K10881]
103226652  GNAI1; G protein subunit alpha i1 [KO:K04630]
103226684  PSMC2; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 2 [KO:K03061]
103226813  NDUFA5; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A5 [KO:K03949]
103226828  GPR37; G protein-coupled receptor 37 [KO:K04243]
103227023  NDUFB2; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B2 [KO:K03958]
103227549  TRAP1; TNF receptor associated protein 1 [KO:K09488]
103227597  UQCRC1; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein I [KO:K00414]
103227647  UBA7; ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 7 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.2.1.45]
103227664  GNAI2; G protein subunit alpha i2 [KO:K04630]
103227837  PSMD6; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 6 [KO:K03037]
103227941  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
103228018  [KO:K08738]
103228104  [KO:K03960]
103228169  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103228205  NDUFB4; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B4 [KO:K03960]
103228810  [KO:K03938]
103228819  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha 6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103228995  PSMC6; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 6 [KO:K03064]
103229087  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha 3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103229205  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [KO:K03237]
103229245  SLC39A9; solute carrier family 39 member 9 [KO:K14715]
103229536  PSMC1; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 1 [KO:K03062]
103229541  CALM1; calmodulin 1 [KO:K02183]
103229564  UQCR2; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein II [KO:K00415]
103229567  NDUFB1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B1 [KO:K03957]
103229590  COX8C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C [KO:K02273]
103229745  NDUFAB1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit AB1 [KO:K03955]
103229927  [KO:K10407]
103231367  SLC39A2; solute carrier family 39 member 2 [KO:K14709]
103231423  COX6A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2 [KO:K02266]
103231457  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta 5 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103231597  [KO:K02272]
103231841  MAOA; monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
103231842  MAOB; monoamine oxidase B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
103231882  NDUFB11; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B11 [KO:K11351]
103231883  UBA1; ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 1 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
103232235  COX7B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103233205  PSMD7; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 7 [KO:K03038]
103233412  [KO:K02263]
103233496  [KO:K07375]
103233597  ATP5D; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, delta subunit [KO:K02134]
103233605  NDUFS7; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S7 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103233614  [KO:K00420]
103233656  SLC39A3; solute carrier family 39 member 3 [KO:K14709]
103233757  NDUFA11; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A11 [KO:K03956]
103233760  [KO:K02128]
103233776  [KO:K07375]
103233777  [KO:K07375]
103233836  NDUFA7; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A7 [KO:K03951]
103233900  KEAP1; kelch like ECH associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
103234046  NDUFB7; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B7 [KO:K03963]
103234186  UBA52; ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 [KO:K02927]
103234228  NDUFA13; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13 [KO:K11353]
103234377  [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103234417  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
103234629  PSMD8; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 8 [KO:K03031]
103234690  PSMC4; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 4 [KO:K03063]
103234862  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 [KO:K10407]
103234915  CALM3; calmodulin 3 [KO:K02183]
103235004  BAX; BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator [KO:K02159]
103235239  NDUFA3; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A3 [KO:K03947]
103235309  [KO:K02267]
103235390  UBE2L6; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 L6 [KO:K04553] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103235918  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103235974  SNCA; synuclein alpha [KO:K04528]
103236018  NDUFS3; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S3 [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
103236046  SLC39A8; solute carrier family 39 member 8 [KO:K14714]
103236098  PSMC3; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 3 [KO:K03065]
103236141  SLC39A13; solute carrier family 39 member 13 [KO:K14719]
103236144  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103236222  [KO:K02138]
103236238  SLC25A31; solute carrier family 25 member 31 [KO:K05863]
103236278  NDUFC1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit C1 [KO:K03967]
103236524  [KO:K03938]
103236614  CASP3; caspase 3 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
103236621  SLC25A4; solute carrier family 25 member 4 [KO:K05863]
103237165  [KO:K00417]
103237200  [KO:K02268]
103237381  [KO:K02927]
103237406  NDUFB9; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B9 [KO:K03965]
103237609  [KO:K00413]
103237625  SLC39A4; solute carrier family 39 member 4 [KO:K14710]
103237818  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha like 3 [KO:K07374]
103237820  CALML5; calmodulin like 5 [KO:K02183]
103237822  CALML3; calmodulin like 3 [KO:K02183]
103237855  ATP5C1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, gamma polypeptide 1 [KO:K02136]
103237963  SLC39A12; solute carrier family 39 member 12 [KO:K14718]
103238089  KIF5B; kinesin family member 5B [KO:K10396]
103238159  LRRK2; leucine rich repeat kinase 2 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103238260  TUBA1B; tubulin alpha 1b [KO:K07374]
103238261  TUBA1A; tubulin alpha 1a [KO:K07374]
103238262  [KO:K07374]
103238312  SLC11A2; solute carrier family 11 member 2 [KO:K21398]
103238407  ATP5G2; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C2 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128]
103238515  SLC39A5; solute carrier family 39 member 5 [KO:K14711]
103238538  ATP5B; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
103238561  NDUFA4L2; NDUFA4, mitochondrial complex associated like 2 [KO:K03948]
103238566  DDIT3; DNA damage inducible transcript 3 [KO:K04452]
103238888  NDUFA12; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A12 [KO:K11352]
103238895  TH; tyrosine hydroxylase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
103238923  APAF1; apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
103239250  COX6A1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1 [KO:K02266]
103239294  PSMD9; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 9 [KO:K06693]
103239352  UBC; ubiquitin C [KO:K04551]
103239501  KIF5A; kinesin family member 5A [KO:K10396]
103239540  [KO:K07375]
103239564  TUBB4B; tubulin beta 4B class IVb [KO:K07375]
103239807  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha 1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103239827  [KO:K08738]
103239874  HSPA5; heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 [KO:K09490] [EC:3.6.4.10]
103239889  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta 7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103240101  UBE2J1; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J1 [KO:K10578] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103240310  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
103240581  [KO:K00237]
103240862  PARK2; parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase [KO:K04556] [EC:2.3.2.31]
103240980  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta 1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103240990  [KO:K08738]
103241089  COX5B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B [KO:K02265]
103241350  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103241732  PSMD13; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 13 [KO:K03039]
103241789  [KO:K02927]
103242182  UBE2G1; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 G1 [KO:K10575] [EC:2.3.2.23]
103242203  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta 6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103242323  TP53; tumor protein p53 [KO:K04451]
103242353  [KO:K02267]
103242447  UBB; ubiquitin B [KO:K04551]
103242697  PSMD11; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 11 [KO:K03036]
103243059  ATP5H; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit D [KO:K02138]
103243081  ADRM1; adhesion regulating molecule 1 [KO:K06691]
103243105  SLC39A11; solute carrier family 39 member 11 [KO:K14717]
103243135  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha 7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103243162  PSMD12; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 12 [KO:K03035]
103243204  ERN1; endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
103243218  PSMC5; proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 5 [KO:K03066]
103243264  MAPT; microtubule associated protein tau [KO:K04380]
103243426  ATP5E; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, epsilon subunit [KO:K02135]
103243432  TUBB1; tubulin beta 1 class VI [KO:K07375]
103243499  [KO:K04632]
103243509  GNAS; GNAS complex locus [KO:K04632]
103243526  PSMD3; proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 3 [KO:K03033]
103243561  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta 3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103243629  ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex subunit C1 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128]
103243885  COX7A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103244129  [KO:K03948]
103244190  [KO:K08738]
103244309  [KO:K03947]
103244416  SNCAIP; synuclein alpha interacting protein [KO:K04558]
103244527  UQCRQ; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit VII [KO:K00418]
103244541  VDAC1; voltage dependent anion channel 1 [KO:K05862]
103244665  NDUFA2; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A2 [KO:K03946]
103244792  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103244980  DUSP1; dual specificity phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
103245015  DRD1; dopamine receptor D1 [KO:K04144]
103245120  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103245250  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha 4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
103245320  COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
103245424  CALML4; calmodulin like 4 [KO:K02183]
103245987  PLCG1; phospholipase C gamma 1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103246111  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
103246147  COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103246177  UCHL1; ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
103247334  SLC25A5; solute carrier family 25 member 5 [KO:K05863]
103247345  NDUFA1; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A1 [KO:K03945]
103247519  SLC25A6; solute carrier family 25 member 6 [KO:K05863]
103247857  [KO:K07374]
103248003  COX4I2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2 [KO:K02263]
103248011  BCL2L1; BCL2 like 1 [KO:K04570]
103248104  NDUFC2; NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
103248206  [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
103248461  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D [KO:K00237]
103248489  DRD2; dopamine receptor D2 [KO:K04145]
4097488  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097489  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097490  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
4097491  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
4097492  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
4097493  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
4097494  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
4097495  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097496  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097497  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097498  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097499  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
4097500  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00013  Diphosphate
C00020  AMP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00034  Manganese
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00212  Adenosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
C04043  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C04599  1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593  Rotenone
C11310  1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C14701  Paraquat
C15231  Maneb
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C17755  Dopamine quinone
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
Reference
PMID:16495942
  Authors
Abou-Sleiman PM, Muqit MM, Wood NW
  Title
Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1868
Reference
PMID:12938733
  Authors
Lim KL, Lim TM
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease: clues from Mendelian syndromes.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 55:315-22 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/1521654031000153030
Reference
PMID:26501339
  Authors
Bobela W, Aebischer P, Schneider BL
  Title
Alphalpha-Synuclein as a Mediator in the Interplay between Aging and Parkinson's Disease.
  Journal
Biomolecules 5:2675-700 (2015)
DOI:10.3390/biom5042675
Reference
PMID:15767499
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Eriksen JL, Wszolek Z, Petrucelli L
  Title
Molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.
  Journal
Arch Neurol 62:353-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1001/archneur.62.3.353
Reference
PMID:16972273
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Olanow CW, McNaught KS
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Ubiquitin-proteasome system and Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Mov Disord 21:1806-23 (2006)
DOI:10.1002/mds.21013
Reference
PMID:18047737
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Lim KL, Tan JM
  Title
Role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in Parkinson's disease.
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BMC Biochem 8 Suppl 1:S13 (2007)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2091-8-S1-S13
Reference
PMID:29090092
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Maiti P, Manna J, Dunbar GL
  Title
Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Parkinson's disease: Targets for potential treatments.
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Transl Neurodegener 6:28 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:12814656
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Dev KK, van der Putten H, Sommer B, Rovelli G
  Title
Part I: parkin-associated proteins and Parkinson's disease.
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Neuropharmacology 45:1-13 (2003)
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Reference
PMID:20495568
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  Title
Missing pieces in the Parkinson's disease puzzle.
  Journal
Nat Med 16:653-61 (2010)
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Reference
PMID:24781149
  Authors
Cali T, Ottolini D, Brini M
  Title
Calcium signaling in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 357:439-54 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-014-1866-0
Reference
PMID:19230774
  Authors
Bezprozvanny I
  Title
Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
  Journal
Trends Mol Med 15:89-100 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2009.01.001
Reference
PMID:28468938
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Zaichick SV, McGrath KM, Caraveo G
  Title
The role of Ca(2+) signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Dis Model Mech 10:519-535 (2017)
DOI:10.1242/dmm.028738
Reference
PMID:28838811
  Authors
Ludtmann MHR, Abramov AY
  Title
Mitochondrial calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Neurosci Lett 663:86-90 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.044
Reference
PMID:19663908
  Authors
Sandebring A, Dehvari N, Perez-Manso M, Thomas KJ, Karpilovski E, Cookson MR, Cowburn RF, Cedazo-Minguez A
  Title
Parkin deficiency disrupts calcium homeostasis by modulating phospholipase C signalling.
  Journal
FEBS J 276:5041-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07201.x
Reference
PMID:23352769
  Authors
Mercado G, Valdes P, Hetz C
  Title
An ERcentric view of Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Trends Mol Med 19:165-75 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2012.12.005
Reference
PMID:27103567
  Authors
Mercado G, Castillo V, Soto P, Sidhu A
  Title
ER stress and Parkinson's disease: Pathological inputs that converge into the secretory pathway.
  Journal
Brain Res 1648:626-632 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.042
Reference
PMID:26297973
  Authors
Tsujii S, Ishisaka M, Hara H
  Title
Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Eur J Pharmacol 765:154-6 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.033
Reference
PMID:31100053
  Authors
Shah A, Chao J, Legido-Quigley C, Chang RC
  Title
Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Nutr Neurosci 1-16 (2019)
DOI:10.1080/1028415X.2019.1613764
Reference
PMID:24548101
  Authors
Segura-Aguilar J, Paris I, Munoz P, Ferrari E, Zecca L, Zucca FA
  Title
Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
J Neurochem 129:898-915 (2014)
DOI:10.1111/jnc.12686
Reference
PMID:31587020
  Authors
Jesko H, Lenkiewicz AM, Wilkaniec A, Adamczyk A
  Title
The interplay between parkin and alpha-synuclein; possible implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 79:276-289 (2019)
Reference
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  Authors
Perez RG, Hastings TG
  Title
Could a loss of alpha-synuclein function put dopaminergic neurons at risk?
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J Neurochem 89:1318-24 (2004)
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Reference
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Segura-Aguilar J
  Title
A new mechanism for protection of dopaminergic neurons mediated by astrocytes.
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Neural Regen Res 10:1225-7 (2015)
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Reference
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  Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 139 Suppl 1:216-231 (2016)
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Reference
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  Title
Emerging (and converging) pathways in Parkinson's disease: keeping mitochondrial wellness.
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun 483:1020-1030 (2017)
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Reference
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Melatoninergic System in Parkinson's Disease: From Neuroprotection to the Management of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms.
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Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016:3472032 (2016)
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Reference
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Mitochondria, calcium, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
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Reference
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Gaki GS, Papavassiliou AG
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Oxidative stress-induced signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Neuromolecular Med 16:217-30 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:25761946
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The Parkinson Disease Mitochondrial Hypothesis: Where Are We at?
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Neuroscientist 22:266-77 (2016)
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Reference
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  Authors
de Vries RL, Przedborski S
  Title
Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: be eaten to stay healthy.
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Mol Cell Neurosci 55:37-43 (2013)
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Reference
PMID:20736035
  Authors
Deas E, Wood NW, Plun-Favreau H
  Title
Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: the PINK1-parkin link.
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Biochim Biophys Acta 1813:623-33 (2011)
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Reference
PMID:25611507
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Pickrell AM, Youle RJ
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The roles of PINK1, parkin, and mitochondrial fidelity in Parkinson's disease.
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Neuron 85:257-73 (2015)
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Reference
PMID:27911343
  Authors
Truban D, Hou X, Caulfield TR, Fiesel FC, Springer W
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PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Quality Control: What can we Learn about Parkinson's Disease Pathobiology?
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J Parkinsons Dis 7:13-29 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:28823929
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Biosa A, Sandrelli F, Beltramini M, Greggio E, Bubacco L, Bisaglia M
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Recent findings on the physiological function of DJ-1: Beyond Parkinson's disease.
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Neurobiol Dis 108:65-72 (2017)
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Reference
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Oh SE, Mouradian MM
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Regulation of Signal Transduction by DJ-1.
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Adv Exp Med Biol 1037:97-131 (2017)
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Reference
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Dolgacheva LP, Berezhnov AV, Fedotova EI, Zinchenko VP, Abramov AY
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Role of DJ-1 in the mechanism of pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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J Bioenerg Biomembr 51:175-188 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:30370500
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Melo TQ, Copray SJCVM, Ferrari MFR
  Title
Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity on Protein Quality Control, Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum.
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Neurochem Res 43:2212-2223 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:30937538
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Zhai S, Shen W, Graves SM, Surmeier DJ
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Dopaminergic modulation of striatal function and Parkinson's disease.
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J Neural Transm (Vienna) 126:411-422 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:29720658
  Authors
Parker JG, Marshall JD, Ahanonu B, Wu YW, Kim TH, Grewe BF, Zhang Y, Li JZ, Ding JB, Ehlers MD, Schnitzer MJ
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Diametric neural ensemble dynamics in parkinsonian and dyskinetic states.
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Nature 557:177-182 (2018)
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Related
pathway
csab00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
csab00350  Tyrosine metabolism
csab03050  Proteasome
csab04020  Calcium signaling pathway
csab04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
csab04137  Mitophagy - animal
csab04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
csab04210  Apoptosis
csab04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05012   

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