KEGG   PATHWAY: eju05012
Entry
eju05012                    Pathway                                
Name
Parkinson disease - Eumetopias jubatus (Steller sea lion)
Description
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
Pathway map
eju05012  Parkinson disease
eju05012

Disease
H00057  Parkinson disease
Organism
Eumetopias jubatus (Steller sea lion) [GN:eju]
Gene
114196412  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
114196450  NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353]
114196682  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
114196704  PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03066]
114196731  MAPT; microtubule-associated protein tau [KO:K04380]
114196748  PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035]
114196999  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
114197002  NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945]
114197096  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
114197118  [KO:K02183]
114197165  KLC3; kinesin light chain 3 [KO:K10407]
114197261  PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03029]
114197353  PSMB4; proteasome subunit beta type-4 [KO:K02736] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114197558  UCHL1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
114197646  NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963]
114197721  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 [KO:K10456]
114197723  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114197824  [KO:K02927]
114197913  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
114197933  TUBB1; tubulin beta-1 chain [KO:K07375]
114197956  ATP5F1E; ATP synthase subunit epsilon, mitochondrial [KO:K02135]
114197962  [KO:K04632]
114197981  [KO:K02268]
114198063  TUBB6; tubulin beta-6 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07375]
114198071  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
114198356  [KO:K02927]
114198465  PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03033]
114198481  PSMB3; proteasome subunit beta type-3 [KO:K02735] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114198554  SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
114198559  NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939]
114198569  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
114198706  SLC39A1; zinc transporter ZIP1 [KO:K14709]
114198773  [KO:K00415]
114198808  NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial [KO:K03955]
114198959  PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031]
114198990  PSMC4; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B [KO:K03063]
114199039  PINK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114199119  NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114199134  [KO:K02135]
114199177  SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236]
114199266  TUBB; tubulin beta chain [KO:K07375]
114199280  ADRM1; proteasomal ubiquitin receptor ADRM1 [KO:K06691]
114199283  PSMA7; proteasome subunit alpha type-7 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114199325  SLC39A8; zinc transporter ZIP8 [KO:K14714]
114199416  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
114199627  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X1 [KO:K02159]
114200150  [KO:K07374]
114200338  [KO:K07375]
114200424  [KO:K02271]
114200800  [KO:K02131]
114200801  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
114200879  NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951]
114200962  [KO:K02270]
114201116  SLC39A4; zinc transporter ZIP4 [KO:K14710]
114201119  [KO:K00413]
114201181  ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
114201201  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114201261  PSMA4; proteasome subunit alpha type-4 [KO:K02728] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114201480  ADORA2A; adenosine receptor A2a [KO:K04266]
114201522  PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039]
114201738  TUBB4B; tubulin beta-4B chain [KO:K07375]
114201803  NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947]
114201868  SEPT5; septin-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04557]
114201953  [KO:K07374]
114201959  UBE2L3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114201963  [KO:K07374]
114202036  [KO:K02267]
114202118  SLC39A2; zinc transporter ZIP2 isoform X1 [KO:K14709]
114202281  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114202289  [KO:K02128]
114202511  [KO:K02136]
114202808  [KO:K02267]
114203191  [KO:K02263]
114203515  PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038]
114203795  [KO:K02131]
114204217  [KO:K02131]
114204225  [KO:K02131]
114204234  [KO:K02131]
114204266  [KO:K07374]
114204451  [KO:K02270]
114204461  KLC4; kinesin light chain 4 [KO:K10407]
114204806  SLC39A9; zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1 [KO:K14715]
114204960  ATP5F1A; ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial [KO:K02132]
114204967  PSMC1; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03062]
114204978  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
114205079  SLC39A6; zinc transporter ZIP6 isoform X1 [KO:K14712]
114205097  PSMA8; proteasome subunit alpha-type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K02731] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114205171  [KO:K02273]
114205347  NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964]
114205461  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114205498  [KO:K03949]
114206127  [KO:K02131]
114206181  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
114206185  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
114206413  KLC1; kinesin light chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
114206437  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
114206521  [KO:K02264]
114206853  [KO:K03957]
114206935  NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03961]
114207008  MFN1; mitofusin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K21356] [EC:3.6.5.-]
114207019  PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028]
114207119  [KO:K02128]
114207265  [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114207401  [KO:K02271]
114207665  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
114207684  [KO:K03945]
114207883  PSMA5; proteasome subunit alpha type-5 [KO:K02729] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114207900  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
114207939  ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127]
114208220  NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967]
114208248  [KO:K04552] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114208278  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 [KO:K05863]
114208394  NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957]
114208397  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114208554  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
114208648  DUSP1; dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
114208852  [KO:K02138]
114208888  [KO:K07374]
114209232  [KO:K02138]
114209290  PRKN; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin [KO:K04556] [EC:2.3.2.31]
114209318  PSMB1; proteasome subunit beta type-1 [KO:K02732] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114209323  [KO:K02272]
114209382  [KO:K03949]
114209406  [KO:K02183]
114209459  NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946]
114209486  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05862]
114209508  [KO:K00418]
114209540  SNCAIP; synphilin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04558]
114209729  [KO:K07375]
114209740  [KO:K03948]
114209774  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
114209780  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
114209841  [KO:K02265]
114210260  [KO:K02271]
114210449  ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha [KO:K09054]
114210678  GPR37; prosaposin receptor GPR37 [KO:K04243]
114210700  NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949]
114210798  NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954]
114210830  PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K03032]
114210939  NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352]
114211191  NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965]
114211303  [KO:K02267]
114211322  SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237]
114211358  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04145]
114211582  NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958]
114211827  NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937]
114211871  [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114211898  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114212104  [KO:K02136]
114212555  [KO:K03671]
114212763  PSMB7; proteasome subunit beta type-7 [KO:K02739] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114212793  HSPA5; endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP [KO:K09490] [EC:3.6.4.10]
114212844  NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952]
114212897  [KO:K02267]
114213039  UBE2J1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J1 [KO:K10578] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114213159  MFN2; mitofusin-2 [KO:K06030] [EC:3.6.5.-]
114213172  SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
114213217  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
114213276  UBE2J2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2 [KO:K04554] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114213290  PARK7; protein/nucleic acid deglycase DJ-1 [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
114213333  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
114213397  [KO:K02268]
114213562  TXN; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
114213690  PSMA2; proteasome subunit alpha type-2 [KO:K02726] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114213893  PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 isoform X1 [KO:K03036]
114214078  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114214091  [KO:K00417]
114214136  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
114214165  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial [KO:K20858]
114214186  PSMC6; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B isoform X1 [KO:K03064]
114214196  [KO:K03947]
114214213  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
114214435  [KO:K02273]
114214523  [KO:K02266]
114214654  PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037]
114214703  NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960]
114214959  SLC39A5; zinc transporter ZIP5 [KO:K14711]
114214966  ATP5F1B; ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial [KO:K02133] [EC:7.1.2.2]
114215062  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
114215089  NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948]
114215099  DDIT3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein isoform X1 [KO:K04452]
114215259  UBE2L6; ubiquitin/ISG15-conjugating enzyme E2 L6 isoform X1 [KO:K04553] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114215277  NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114215393  PSMC3; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A [KO:K03065]
114215423  SLC39A13; zinc transporter ZIP13 isoform X1 [KO:K14719]
114215493  [KO:K02131]
114215680  NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966]
114215909  [KO:K03946]
114215976  NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K03934] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114216075  SLC39A11; zinc transporter ZIP11 isoform X1 [KO:K14717]
114216159  ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial [KO:K02138]
114216240  PSMA3; proteasome subunit alpha type-3 [KO:K02727] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114216460  [KO:K00417]
114216469  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
114216518  PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 isoform X1 [KO:K03030]
114216561  LRRK2; leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114216613  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
114216717  UBA1; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.2.1.45]
114216818  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
114216837  [KO:K07374]
114216838  NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351]
114216876  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
114217117  PSMB2; proteasome subunit beta type-2 [KO:K02734] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114217149  SOD1; superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] [KO:K04565] [EC:1.15.1.1]
114217200  [KO:K02128]
114217357  SLC39A12; zinc transporter ZIP12 isoform X1 [KO:K14718]
114217478  [KO:K02131]
114217527  SLC39A14; zinc transporter ZIP14 [KO:K14720]
114217636  [KO:K05687] [EC:3.5.1.124]
114217665  [KO:K02272]
114217707  ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136]
114217714  TUBAL3; tubulin alpha chain-like 3 isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
114217752  [KO:K02183]
114217770  [KO:K02183]
114217773  [KO:K07374]
114217899  PSMA6; proteasome subunit alpha type-6 [KO:K02730] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114217946  PSMB5; proteasome subunit beta type-5 [KO:K02737] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114218042  SLC25A6; ADP/ATP translocase 3 [KO:K05863]
114218163  NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962]
114218238  ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02131]
114218266  [KO:K02131]
114218373  NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950]
114218399  [KO:K07374]
114218458  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
114218464  TXN2; thioredoxin, mitochondrial [KO:K03671]
114218775  [KO:K02183]
114218791  NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C2 [KO:K03968]
114218893  HTRA2; serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
114218932  ATP5PO; ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial [KO:K02137]
114219053  [KO:K02266]
114219152  PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693]
114219412  PSMA1; proteasome subunit alpha type-1 [KO:K02725] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114219688  [KO:K02270]
114219871  [KO:K02131]
114219902  TRAP1; heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial [KO:K09488]
114220096  SNCA; alpha-synuclein [KO:K04528]
114220164  [KO:K02273]
114220293  NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114220356  KLC2; kinesin light chain 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10407]
114220454  NDUFV1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K03942] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114220499  TH; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
114220677  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
114220843  [KO:K02263]
114220907  [KO:K10881]
114220977  [KO:K02267]
114221021  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
114221094  [KO:K00236]
114221249  [KO:K08738]
114221283  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
114221310  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
114221645  PSMC2; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03061]
114222003  [KO:K07374]
114222155  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
114222160  SLC39A7; zinc transporter SLC39A7 [KO:K14713]
114222265  DAXX; death domain-associated protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02308]
114222284  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
114222308  NDUFA4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 isoform X1 [KO:K03948]
114222403  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
114222562  NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953]
114222567  [KO:K02927]
114222582  TUBA8; tubulin alpha-8 chain isoform X1 [KO:K07374]
114222643  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
114222735  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
114222773  [KO:K03949]
114222778  [KO:K02273]
114222925  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
114223104  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
114223136  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
114223261  [KO:K02927]
114223305  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [KO:K05638]
114223422  SLC39A10; zinc transporter ZIP10 isoform X1 [KO:K14716]
114223423  [KO:K02273]
114223436  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114223537  [KO:K03947]
114223868  [KO:K07375]
114223871  TUBB2B; tubulin beta-2B chain [KO:K07375]
114223906  [KO:K07375]
114224000  [KO:K02977]
114224147  NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938]
114224279  [KO:K08738]
114224286  [KO:K00416]
114224416  [KO:K02267]
114224452  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
114224572  [KO:K00420]
114224701  NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03943] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114224842  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 [KO:K15041]
114224898  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114225002  UBA7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 isoform X1 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.2.1.45]
114225028  [KO:K00414]
114225129  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
114225225  XBP1; X-box-binding protein 1 [KO:K09027]
114225274  [KO:K03945]
114225325  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
114225333  UBE2G1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1 [KO:K10575] [EC:2.3.2.23]
114225451  PSMB6; proteasome subunit beta type-6 [KO:K02738] [EC:3.4.25.1]
114225617  ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128]
114225742  [KO:K07374]
114225792  SLC11A2; natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21398]
114225857  ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02128]
114225882  TUBA1A; tubulin alpha-1A chain [KO:K07374]
114225883  TUBA1C; tubulin alpha-1C chain [KO:K07374]
114225925  NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959]
114226192  SLC39A3; zinc transporter ZIP3 [KO:K14709]
114226202  ATP5F1D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial [KO:K02134]
114226204  NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940] [EC:7.1.1.2]
114226218  [KO:K00420]
114226302  NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956]
114226326  TUBB4A; tubulin beta-4A chain [KO:K07375]
114226430  NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944]
114226437  UBE2G2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G2 isoform X1 [KO:K04555] [EC:2.3.2.23]
805010  ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805011  ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805012  ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805013  ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126]
805014  ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125]
805015  ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805016  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
805017  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
805018  ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805019  ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805020  ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:7.1.1.2]
805021  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
805022  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00013  Diphosphate
C00020  AMP
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00034  Manganese
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00212  Adenosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00704  Superoxide
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
C04043  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C04599  1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593  Rotenone
C11310  1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
C14701  Paraquat
C15231  Maneb
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
C17755  Dopamine quinone
C22381  Reactive oxygen species
Reference
PMID:16495942
  Authors
Abou-Sleiman PM, Muqit MM, Wood NW
  Title
Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1868
Reference
PMID:12938733
  Authors
Lim KL, Lim TM
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease: clues from Mendelian syndromes.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 55:315-22 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/1521654031000153030
Reference
PMID:26501339
  Authors
Bobela W, Aebischer P, Schneider BL
  Title
Alphalpha-Synuclein as a Mediator in the Interplay between Aging and Parkinson's Disease.
  Journal
Biomolecules 5:2675-700 (2015)
DOI:10.3390/biom5042675
Reference
PMID:15767499
  Authors
Eriksen JL, Wszolek Z, Petrucelli L
  Title
Molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.
  Journal
Arch Neurol 62:353-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1001/archneur.62.3.353
Reference
PMID:16972273
  Authors
Olanow CW, McNaught KS
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Ubiquitin-proteasome system and Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Mov Disord 21:1806-23 (2006)
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Reference
PMID:18047737
  Authors
Lim KL, Tan JM
  Title
Role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in Parkinson's disease.
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BMC Biochem 8 Suppl 1:S13 (2007)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2091-8-S1-S13
Reference
PMID:29090092
  Authors
Maiti P, Manna J, Dunbar GL
  Title
Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Parkinson's disease: Targets for potential treatments.
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Transl Neurodegener 6:28 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:12814656
  Authors
Dev KK, van der Putten H, Sommer B, Rovelli G
  Title
Part I: parkin-associated proteins and Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Neuropharmacology 45:1-13 (2003)
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Reference
PMID:20495568
  Authors
Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Goetz CG, Marin C, Kordower JH, Rodriguez M, Hirsch EC, Farrer M, Schapira AH, Halliday G
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Missing pieces in the Parkinson's disease puzzle.
  Journal
Nat Med 16:653-61 (2010)
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Reference
PMID:24781149
  Authors
Cali T, Ottolini D, Brini M
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Calcium signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Cell Tissue Res 357:439-54 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:19230774
  Authors
Bezprozvanny I
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Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
  Journal
Trends Mol Med 15:89-100 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2009.01.001
Reference
PMID:28468938
  Authors
Zaichick SV, McGrath KM, Caraveo G
  Title
The role of Ca(2+) signaling in Parkinson's disease.
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Dis Model Mech 10:519-535 (2017)
DOI:10.1242/dmm.028738
Reference
PMID:28838811
  Authors
Ludtmann MHR, Abramov AY
  Title
Mitochondrial calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.
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Neurosci Lett 663:86-90 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:19663908
  Authors
Sandebring A, Dehvari N, Perez-Manso M, Thomas KJ, Karpilovski E, Cookson MR, Cowburn RF, Cedazo-Minguez A
  Title
Parkin deficiency disrupts calcium homeostasis by modulating phospholipase C signalling.
  Journal
FEBS J 276:5041-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07201.x
Reference
PMID:23352769
  Authors
Mercado G, Valdes P, Hetz C
  Title
An ERcentric view of Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Trends Mol Med 19:165-75 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2012.12.005
Reference
PMID:27103567
  Authors
Mercado G, Castillo V, Soto P, Sidhu A
  Title
ER stress and Parkinson's disease: Pathological inputs that converge into the secretory pathway.
  Journal
Brain Res 1648:626-632 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.042
Reference
PMID:26297973
  Authors
Tsujii S, Ishisaka M, Hara H
  Title
Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Eur J Pharmacol 765:154-6 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.033
Reference
PMID:31100053
  Authors
Shah A, Chao J, Legido-Quigley C, Chang RC
  Title
Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Nutr Neurosci 1-16 (2019)
DOI:10.1080/1028415X.2019.1613764
Reference
PMID:24548101
  Authors
Segura-Aguilar J, Paris I, Munoz P, Ferrari E, Zecca L, Zucca FA
  Title
Protective and toxic roles of dopamine in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
J Neurochem 129:898-915 (2014)
DOI:10.1111/jnc.12686
Reference
PMID:31587020
  Authors
Jesko H, Lenkiewicz AM, Wilkaniec A, Adamczyk A
  Title
The interplay between parkin and alpha-synuclein; possible implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 79:276-289 (2019)
Reference
PMID:15189334
  Authors
Perez RG, Hastings TG
  Title
Could a loss of alpha-synuclein function put dopaminergic neurons at risk?
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J Neurochem 89:1318-24 (2004)
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Reference
PMID:26487845
  Authors
Segura-Aguilar J
  Title
A new mechanism for protection of dopaminergic neurons mediated by astrocytes.
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Neural Regen Res 10:1225-7 (2015)
DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.162750
Reference
PMID:27546335
  Authors
Bose A, Beal MF
  Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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J Neurochem 139 Suppl 1:216-231 (2016)
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Reference
PMID:27581196
  Authors
Cieri D, Brini M, Cali T
  Title
Emerging (and converging) pathways in Parkinson's disease: keeping mitochondrial wellness.
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun 483:1020-1030 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:27829983
  Authors
Mack JM, Schamne MG, Sampaio TB, Pertile RA, Fernandes PA, Markus RP, Prediger RD
  Title
Melatoninergic System in Parkinson's Disease: From Neuroprotection to the Management of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms.
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Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016:3472032 (2016)
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Reference
PMID:21674642
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Cali T, Ottolini D, Brini M
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Mitochondria, calcium, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Parkinson's disease.
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Biofactors 37:228-40 (2011)
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Reference
PMID:24522549
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Gaki GS, Papavassiliou AG
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Oxidative stress-induced signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Neuromolecular Med 16:217-30 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:25761946
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Franco-Iborra S, Vila M, Perier C
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The Parkinson Disease Mitochondrial Hypothesis: Where Are We at?
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Neuroscientist 22:266-77 (2016)
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Reference
PMID:22926193
  Authors
de Vries RL, Przedborski S
  Title
Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: be eaten to stay healthy.
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Mol Cell Neurosci 55:37-43 (2013)
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Reference
PMID:20736035
  Authors
Deas E, Wood NW, Plun-Favreau H
  Title
Mitophagy and Parkinson's disease: the PINK1-parkin link.
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Biochim Biophys Acta 1813:623-33 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.08.007
Reference
PMID:25611507
  Authors
Pickrell AM, Youle RJ
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The roles of PINK1, parkin, and mitochondrial fidelity in Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Neuron 85:257-73 (2015)
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Reference
PMID:27911343
  Authors
Truban D, Hou X, Caulfield TR, Fiesel FC, Springer W
  Title
PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Quality Control: What can we Learn about Parkinson's Disease Pathobiology?
  Journal
J Parkinsons Dis 7:13-29 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:28823929
  Authors
Biosa A, Sandrelli F, Beltramini M, Greggio E, Bubacco L, Bisaglia M
  Title
Recent findings on the physiological function of DJ-1: Beyond Parkinson's disease.
  Journal
Neurobiol Dis 108:65-72 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:29147906
  Authors
Oh SE, Mouradian MM
  Title
Regulation of Signal Transduction by DJ-1.
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Adv Exp Med Biol 1037:97-131 (2017)
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Reference
PMID:31054074
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Dolgacheva LP, Berezhnov AV, Fedotova EI, Zinchenko VP, Abramov AY
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Role of DJ-1 in the mechanism of pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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J Bioenerg Biomembr 51:175-188 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:30370500
  Authors
Melo TQ, Copray SJCVM, Ferrari MFR
  Title
Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity on Protein Quality Control, Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum.
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Neurochem Res 43:2212-2223 (2018)
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Reference
PMID:30937538
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Zhai S, Shen W, Graves SM, Surmeier DJ
  Title
Dopaminergic modulation of striatal function and Parkinson's disease.
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J Neural Transm (Vienna) 126:411-422 (2019)
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Reference
PMID:29720658
  Authors
Parker JG, Marshall JD, Ahanonu B, Wu YW, Kim TH, Grewe BF, Zhang Y, Li JZ, Ding JB, Ehlers MD, Schnitzer MJ
  Title
Diametric neural ensemble dynamics in parkinsonian and dyskinetic states.
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Nature 557:177-182 (2018)
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Related
pathway
eju00190  Oxidative phosphorylation
eju00350  Tyrosine metabolism
eju03050  Proteasome
eju04020  Calcium signaling pathway
eju04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
eju04137  Mitophagy - animal
eju04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
eju04210  Apoptosis
eju04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05012   

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