Entry
Name
Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species - Capra hircus (goat)
Description
It is well established that cancer is a multi-step process which involves initiation, promotion and progression. Chemical carcinogens can alter any of these processes to induce their carcinogenic effects. In the majority of instances, chemical carcinogens, directly or after xenobiotic metabolism, induce DNA damage and act in a 'genotoxic' manner. There is, however, a group of carcinogens that induce cancer via nongenotoxic mechanisms. The biochemical modes of action for nongenotoxic carcinogens are diverse, one example of which is induction of oxidative stress. Trace metals and organic xenobiotics are typical classes of environmental pollutants with prooxidant effects. Trace metals generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) depending on their ability to lose electrons and catalyze Haber Weiss and Fenton reactions. ROS are also generated due to induction of various cytochrome P450 isoenzymes during detoxification of chemical carcinogens. Increased ROS generation often has been linked to DNA damage that can lead to mutations and may, therefore, play an important role in the initiation and progression of multistage carcinogenesis. Besides causing DNA damage, ROS further induce multiple intracellular signaling pathways, notably NF-kappa B, JNK/SAPK/p38, as well as Erk/MAPK. These signaling routes can lead to transcriptional induction of target genes that could promote proliferation or confer apoptosis resistance to exposed cells.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: overview
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
chx05208 Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species
Ortholog table
Organism
Capra hircus (goat) [GN:
chx ]
Gene
102183643 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03944 ]
102177419 NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
102177332 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
102172091 NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
102179638 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
102187560 NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
102171224 NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
102176032 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
102168736 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
102179361 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
102181922 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
102181026 NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
102187118 NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
102189802 NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957 ]
102174090 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
102168216 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
102177927 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
102189432 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
102182696 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
102171860 NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963 ]
100861349 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03964 ]
102188420 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K03965 ]
102168407 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
102188663 NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
102190747 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
102188065 NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
102170635 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
102170016 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
102181207 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03939 ]
100860782 NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
102185248 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
102186141 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
102183107 SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
102183195 SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
102189176 SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00236 ]
100860881 SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00237 ]
102179296 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263 ]
102188434 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
102187496 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
102171890 ATP5C1; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02136 ]
102178499 ATP5F1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127 ]
102180353 ATP5G3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
102168606 ATP5G2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
102168293 ATP5G1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
102173290 VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862 ]
102169457 VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040 ]
102176666 VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041 ]
102187722 SLC26A6; solute carrier family 26 member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K14704 ]
106502173 EGF; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-epidermal growth factor [KO:K04357 ]
102179343 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
102170135 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
102188710 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
102185042 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102168391 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102177551 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
102173438 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
102175660 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
102183027 ARNT; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator isoform X1 [KO:K09097 ]
100860957 VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05448 ]
Compound
C00019 S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021 S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C03434 Tetrachlorohydroquinone
C03622 N-Hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C07557 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
C14209 4-Hydroxy-17beta-estradiol
C14850 Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-oxide
C14852 Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol
C16038 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
C16453 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
C18205 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether
C22355 Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol
C22356 Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione
C22357 17beta-Estradiol-2,3-quinone
C22381 Reactive oxygen species
Reference
Authors
Henkler F, Brinkmann J, Luch A
Title
The role of oxidative stress in carcinogenesis induced by metals and xenobiotics.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lee JC, Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Shi X
Title
Oxidative stress and metal carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hu Y, Li J, Lou B, Wu R, Wang G, Lu C, Wang H, Pi J, Xu Y
Title
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ozturk M, Metin M, Altay V, Bhat RA, Ejaz M, Gul A, Unal BT, Hasanuzzaman M, Nibir L, Nahar K, Bukhari A, Dervash MA, Kawano T
Title
Arsenic and Human Health: Genotoxicity, Epigenomic Effects, and Cancer Signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hubaux R, Becker-Santos DD, Enfield KS, Rowbotham D, Lam S, Lam WL, Martinez VD
Title
Molecular features in arsenic-induced lung tumors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Naranmandura H, Xu S, Sawata T, Hao WH, Liu H, Bu N, Ogra Y, Lou YJ, Suzuki N
Title
Mitochondria are the main target organelle for trivalent monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III))-induced cytotoxicity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Faita F, Cori L, Bianchi F, Andreassi MG
Title
Arsenic-induced genotoxicity and genetic susceptibility to arsenic-related pathologies.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sage AP, Minatel BC, Ng KW, Stewart GL, Dummer TJB, Lam WL, Martinez VD
Title
Oncogenomic disruptions in arsenic-induced carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jomova K, Valko M
Title
Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Valko M, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M
Title
Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tumolo M, Ancona V, De Paola D, Losacco D, Campanale C, Massarelli C, Uricchio VF
Title
Chromium Pollution in European Water, Sources, Health Risk, and Remediation Strategies: An Overview.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang Y, Su H, Gu Y, Song X, Zhao J
Title
Carcinogenicity of chromium and chemoprevention: a brief update.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jin X, Chen M, Song L, Li H, Li Z
Title
The evaluation of p,p'-DDT exposure on cell adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Liou GY, Storz P
Title
Reactive oxygen species in cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Murata M, Tamura A, Tada M, Kawanishi S
Title
Mechanism of oxidative DNA damage induced by carcinogenic 4-aminobiphenyl.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Pentachlorophenol and Some Related Compounds (2019)
Reference
Authors
Zhu BZ, Shan GQ
Title
Potential mechanism for pentachlorophenol-induced carcinogenicity: a novel mechanism for metal-independent production of hydroxyl radicals.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McHale CM, Zhang L, Smith MT
Title
Current understanding of the mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia in humans: implications for risk assessment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scharf P, Broering MF, Oliveira da Rocha GH, Farsky SHP
Title
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Snyder R
Title
Leukemia and benzene.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Snyder R, Hedli CC
Title
An overview of benzene metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kawanishi S, Hiraku Y, Murata M, Oikawa S
Title
The role of metals in site-specific DNA damage with reference to carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Das DN, Panda PK, Naik PP, Mukhopadhyay S, Sinha N, Bhutia SK
Title
Phytotherapeutic approach: a new hope for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induced cellular disorders, autophagic and apoptotic cell death.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shultz CA, Quinn AM, Park JH, Harvey RG, Bolton JL, Maser E, Penning TM.
Title
Specificity of human aldo-keto reductases, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, and carbonyl reductases to redox-cycle polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diones and 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Penning TM
Title
Human aldo-keto reductases and the metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Burczynski ME, Penning TM
Title
Genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ortho-quinones generated by aldo-keto reductases induce CYP1A1 via nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Journal
Cancer Res 60:908-15 (2000)
Reference
Authors
Xue W, Warshawsky D
Title
Metabolic activation of polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and DNA damage: a review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen ZH, Hurh YJ, Na HK, Kim JH, Chun YJ, Kim DH, Kang KS, Cho MH, Surh YJ
Title
Resveratrol inhibits TCDD-induced expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and catechol estrogen-mediated oxidative DNA damage in cultured human mammary epithelial cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rifkind AB
Title
CYP1A in TCDD toxicity and in physiology-with particular reference to CYP dependent arachidonic acid metabolism and other endogenous substrates.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cavalieri EL, Stack DE, Devanesan PD, Todorovic R, Dwivedy I, Higginbotham S, Johansson SL, Patil KD, Gross ML, Gooden JK, Ramanathan R, Cerny RL, Rogan EG
Title
Molecular origin of cancer: catechol estrogen-3,4-quinones as endogenous tumor initiators.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhu BT, Conney AH
Title
Functional role of estrogen metabolism in target cells: review and perspectives.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McKillop IH, Schrum LW
Title
Role of alcohol in liver carcinogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gonzalez FJ
Title
Role of cytochromes P450 in chemical toxicity and oxidative stress: studies with CYP2E1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Montalbano AM, Albano GD, Anzalone G, Moscato M, Gagliardo R, Di Sano C, Bonanno A, Ruggieri S, Cibella F, Profita M
Title
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the flame retardants (PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209) in human bronchial epithelial cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sun HN, Ren CX, Gong YX, Xie DP, Kwon T
Title
Regulatory function of peroxiredoxin I on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced lung cancer development.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pluchino LA, Wang HC
Title
Chronic exposure to combined carcinogens enhances breast cell carcinogenesis with mesenchymal and stem-like cell properties.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pluchino LA, Liu AK, Wang HC
Title
Reactive oxygen species-mediated breast cell carcinogenesis enhanced by multiple carcinogens and intervened by dietary ergosterol and mimosine.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Moldogazieva NT, Lutsenko SV, Terentiev AA
Title
Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species-Induced Protein Modifications: Implication in Carcinogenesis and Anticancer Therapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kirtonia A, Sethi G, Garg M
Title
The multifaceted role of reactive oxygen species in tumorigenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kumari S, Badana AK, G MM, G S, Malla R
Title
Reactive Oxygen Species: A Key Constituent in Cancer Survival.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gao X, Schottker B
Title
Reduction-oxidation pathways involved in cancer development: a systematic review of literature reviews.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Storz P
Title
Reactive oxygen species in tumor progression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Assi M
Title
The differential role of reactive oxygen species in early and late stages of cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Storz P, Doppler H, Toker A
Title
Protein kinase Cdelta selectively regulates protein kinase D-dependent activation of NF-kappaB in oxidative stress signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nourazarian AR, Kangari P, Salmaninejad A
Title
Roles of oxidative stress in the development and progression of breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zheng F, Goncalves FM, Abiko Y, Li H, Kumagai Y, Aschner M
Title
Redox toxicology of environmental chemicals causing oxidative stress.
Journal
Related pathway
chx00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
chx05207 Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs