Entry
Name
Autophagy - animal - Esox lucius (northern pike)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Esox lucius (northern pike) [GN:
els ]
Gene
105026926 pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
105025897 pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
105009929 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
105029118 pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
105024545 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
105026229 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
105015144 pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
105021974 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
109614581 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
105025378 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
105009692 bnip3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464 ]
105027925 BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15464 ]
105021612 rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204 ]
105017380 DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K20402 ]
105016530 deptor; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402 ]
105021738 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
105019578 rb1cc1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589 ]
105026434 atg2b; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906 ]
105012795 WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908 ]
105005666 wipi1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908 ]
105030518 wipi2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908 ]
105023020 wdr45b; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991 ]
105015201 wdr45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991 ]
105029649 guanine nucleotide exchange protein smcr8a isoform X1 [KO:K23611 ]
105022443 tank; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650 ]
105024715 atg14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator isoform X1 [KO:K17889 ]
105018664 activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 [KO:K17985 ]
105027321 activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K17985 ]
105013967 tp53inp2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21247 ]
105010981 uvrag; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249 ]
105025355 rubcn; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330 ]
105017006 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
105017428 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
105015685 zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17603 ]
105026889 zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603 ]
105015204 atg10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X2 [KO:K17888 ]
105020670 gabarap; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341 ]
105019048 gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341 ]
105019088 gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341 ]
105029592 gabarapl2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08341 ]
105008104 map1lc3a; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
105018514 map1lc3b; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
105026718 microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C isoform X1 [KO:K10435 ]
105031441 map1lc3c; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435 ]
105012135 atg4d; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342 ] [EC:3.4.22.-]
105011908 atg4c; cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X3 [KO:K08342 ] [EC:3.4.22.-]
105025629 atg4b; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342 ] [EC:3.4.22.-]
105014563 wdfy3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262 ]
105025614 epg5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X3 [KO:K23883 ]
105024516 plekhm1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282 ]
105006571 vps11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179 ]
105005818 vps16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180 ]
105024345 vps18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181 ]
105026092 vps33a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182 ]
105019391 vps41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184 ]
105022483 gorasp2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K26797 ]
105020054 lamp1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K06528 ]
105025566 lamp2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K06528 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Deretic V.
Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
Journal
Reference
Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
Journal
Related pathway
els04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
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