KEGG   PATHWAY: ggo04218
Entry
ggo04218                    Pathway                                
Name
Cellular senescence - Gorilla gorilla gorilla (western lowland gorilla)
Description
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cellular arrest and can be triggered by a number of factors, such as telomere shortening, oncogene activation, irradiation, DNA damage and oxidative stress. It is characterized by enlarged flattened morphology, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) activity, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases, as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Cellular senescence is functionally associated with many biological processes including aging, tumor suppression, placental biology, embryonic development, and wound healing.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
ggo04218  Cellular senescence
ggo04218

Other DBs
GO: 0090398
Organism
Gorilla gorilla gorilla (western lowland gorilla) [GN:ggo]
Gene
101123696  ATM; serine-protein kinase ATM isoform X1 [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101123850  CCNB1; G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 [KO:K05868]
101124474  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein isoform X2 [KO:K13375]
101124506  RBBP4; histone-binding protein RBBP4 isoform X1 [KO:K10752]
101124618  CHEK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 isoform X3 [KO:K06641] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101124725  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
101125222  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
101125504  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X2 [KO:K13376]
101125962  NBN; nibrin isoform X1 [KO:K10867]
101126640  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06625]
101126885  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101127243  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05862]
101127450  FOXM1; forkhead box protein M1 isoform X5 [KO:K09406]
101127769  E2F5; transcription factor E2F5 isoform X1 [KO:K04682]
101127910  HIPK3; homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08826] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101128172  RASSF5; ras association domain-containing protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K08015]
101128510  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
101128787  NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17334]
101129336  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101129439  IGFBP3; insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 [KO:K10138]
101129849  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha [KO:K04383]
101129953  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101129964  MDM2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 isoform X3 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
101130228  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
101130447  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
101130628  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
101130732  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
101130978  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101131247  NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332]
101131389  CDK1; cyclin-dependent kinase 1 [KO:K02087] [EC:2.7.11.22 2.7.11.23]
101131508  GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
101131993  CHEK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1 isoform X1 [KO:K02216] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101132025  SLC25A4; ADP/ATP translocase 1 [KO:K05863]
101132391  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101132713  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101133061  HUS1; checkpoint protein HUS1 [KO:K10903]
101133237  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K06618]
101133524  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X2 [KO:K04451]
101133741  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
101134470  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
101134492  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X2 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101134769  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101134843  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101135241  LIN9; protein lin-9 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21773]
101135298  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
101135988  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101136425  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
101136454  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X3 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101136457  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 isoform X1 [KO:K06627]
101136579  TRPV4; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04973]
101137026  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
101137273  TSC1; hamartin isoform X2 [KO:K07206]
101137595  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
101137723  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101137829  RAD50; DNA repair protein RAD50 isoform X1 [KO:K10866] [EC:3.6.-.-]
101137934  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
101138019  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101138211  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X3 [KO:K06620]
101138373  CCNB3; G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3 isoform X2 [KO:K21771]
101138376  SLC25A5; ADP/ATP translocase 2 [KO:K05863]
101138930  RBL2; retinoblastoma-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16332]
101138990  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101139003  HIPK1; homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K08826] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101139013  CALM2; calmodulin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101139397  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101139749  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
101139860  CAPN1; calpain-1 catalytic subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
101140164  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101140270  GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta isoform X2 [KO:K04402]
101140627  [KO:K02183]
101140646  HIPK4; homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08826] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101140728  TRPM7; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 isoform X4 [KO:K04982] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101140987  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
101141142  TRAF3IP2; E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF3IP2 [KO:K21124]
101141279  [KO:K06751]
101142033  HIPK2; homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08826] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101142134  [KO:K06751]
101142222  CDC25A; M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06645] [EC:3.1.3.48]
101142297  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 [KO:K15041]
101142328  MRE11; double-strand break repair protein MRE11 isoform X1 [KO:K10865]
101142374  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X3 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101142383  FBXW11; F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 11 isoform X9 [KO:K03362]
101142854  NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333]
101142998  [KO:K06751]
101143108  [KO:K06751]
101143438  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101143704  SLC25A31; ADP/ATP translocase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05863]
101143811  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101143843  MHC-G; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
101143844  [KO:K06751]
101144039  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
101144231  MYBL2; myb-related protein B [KO:K21769]
101144465  [KO:K06751]
101144860  [KO:K04503]
101144871  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
101144930  PPP3CA; protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101145420  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101145454  EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205]
101145463  CDKN2A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A isoform X1 [KO:K06621]
101145646  RAD9B; cell cycle checkpoint control protein RAD9B isoform X3 [KO:K10995]
101145779  CCNB2; G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 [KO:K21770]
101145793  RAD1; cell cycle checkpoint protein RAD1 isoform X2 [KO:K02830] [EC:3.1.11.2]
101146090  CDKN2B; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B [KO:K04685]
101146131  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
101146138  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
101146305  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101146434  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101146471  ETS1; protein C-ets-1 isoform X3 [KO:K02678]
101146562  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101146622  E2F4; transcription factor E2F4 [KO:K04682]
101146783  GADD45A; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha [KO:K04402]
101146963  LIN54; protein lin-54 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21776]
101147065  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101147113  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X2 [KO:K14381]
101147526  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
101147593  NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
101147763  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X2 [KO:K07830]
101147879  SIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 isoform X3 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
101148105  VDAC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 [KO:K15040]
101148147  ATR; serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR isoform X1 [KO:K06640] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101148438  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform X3 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101149162  SERPINE1; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03982]
101149206  CAPN2; calpain-2 catalytic subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
101149474  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101149874  GATA4; transcription factor GATA-4 isoform X2 [KO:K09183]
101150066  ZFP36L1; mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L1 [KO:K18753]
101150285  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
101150830  LIN37; protein lin-37 homolog [KO:K21774]
101151113  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
101151145  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
101151250  MAPKAPK2; MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 [KO:K04443] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101151399  FOXO1; forkhead box protein O1 isoform X2 [KO:K07201]
101151475  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
101151502  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
101151687  IL6; interleukin-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05405]
101151748  ZFP36L2; mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L2 [KO:K18753]
101152123  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101152319  BTRC; F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A isoform X3 [KO:K03362]
101152504  PPID; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D [KO:K05864] [EC:5.2.1.8]
101152640  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X2 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101152899  RBL1; retinoblastoma-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04681]
101153263  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 [KO:K06626]
101153360  [KO:K06751]
101153465  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
101153605  FOXO3; forkhead box protein O3 isoform X1 [KO:K09408]
101154310  SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500]
109023121  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
109023148  LIN52; protein lin-52 homolog isoform X3 [KO:K21775]
109024246  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras [KO:K07829]
109024694  [KO:K05862]
109025264  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X2 [KO:K23605]
109028462  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K20858]
115930068  [KO:K06751]
115931697  [KO:K09406]
115933538  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X3 [KO:K06268]
115935285  [KO:K05862]
129525003  [KO:K07208]
129525267  RAD9A; cell cycle checkpoint control protein RAD9A [KO:K10994] [EC:3.1.11.2]
129525268  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
129526696  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
129528583  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
129530050  [KO:K05863]
129531741  [KO:K07201]
129532589  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
129533700  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 isoform X1 [KO:K09389]
129534111  [KO:K10752]
134756931  [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C07909  Sirolimus
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
Reference
PMID:24954210
  Authors
Munoz-Espin D, Serrano M
  Title
Cellular senescence: from physiology to pathology.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15:482-96 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/nrm3823
Reference
PMID:26646499
  Authors
Childs BG, Durik M, Baker DJ, van Deursen JM
  Title
Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy.
  Journal
Nat Med 21:1424-35 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nm.4000
Reference
PMID:26105537
  Authors
Sharpless NE, Sherr CJ
  Title
Forging a signature of in vivo senescence.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 15:397-408 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nrc3960
Reference
PMID:26435346
  Authors
Fridlyanskaya I, Alekseenko L, Nikolsky N
  Title
Senescence as a general cellular response to stress: A mini-review.
  Journal
Exp Gerontol 72:124-8 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2015.09.021
Reference
PMID:27417123
  Authors
Lujambio A
  Title
To clear, or not to clear (senescent cells)? That is the question.
  Journal
Bioessays 38 Suppl 1:S56-64 (2016)
DOI:10.1002/bies.201670910
Reference
PMID:26564316
  Authors
Di Mitri D, Alimonti A
  Title
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Cellular Senescence in Cancer.
  Journal
Trends Cell Biol 26:215-26 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.005
Reference
PMID:27574725
  Authors
Francica P, Aebersold DM, Medova M
  Title
Senescence as biologic endpoint following pharmacological targeting of receptor tyrosine kinases in cancer.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 126:1-12 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.022
Reference
PMID:23982440
  Authors
Bartling B
  Title
Cellular senescence in normal and premature lung aging.
  Journal
Z Gerontol Geriatr 46:613-22 (2013)
DOI:10.1007/s00391-013-0543-3
Reference
PMID:24238962
  Authors
Munoz-Espin D, Canamero M, Maraver A, Gomez-Lopez G, Contreras J, Murillo-Cuesta S, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Varela-Nieto I, Ruberte J, Collado M, Serrano M
  Title
Programmed cell senescence during mammalian embryonic development.
  Journal
Cell 155:1104-18 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2013.10.019
Reference
PMID:26697828
  Authors
Herranz N, Gallage S, Gil J
  Title
TORn about SASP regulation.
  Journal
Cell Cycle 14:3771-2 (2015)
DOI:10.1080/15384101.2015.1105694
Reference
PMID:28410770
  Authors
Martin N, Bernard D
  Title
Calcium signaling and cellular senescence.
  Journal
Cell Calcium S0143-4160(17)30049-0 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceca.2017.04.001
Reference
PMID:25764980
  Authors
Farfariello V, Iamshanova O, Germain E, Fliniaux I, Prevarskaya N
  Title
Calcium homeostasis in cancer: A focus on senescence.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1853:1974-9 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.03.005
Reference
PMID:24062309
  Authors
McCarthy DA, Clark RR, Bartling TR, Trebak M, Melendez JA
  Title
Redox control of the senescence regulator interleukin-1alpha and the secretory phenotype.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 288:32149-59 (2013)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M113.493841
Reference
PMID:27288568
  Authors
Donninger H, Schmidt ML, Mezzanotte J, Barnoud T, Clark GJ
  Title
Ras signaling through RASSF proteins.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 58:86-95 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.007
Reference
PMID:28455242
  Authors
Barnoud T, Schmidt ML, Donninger H, Clark GJ
  Title
The role of the NORE1A tumor suppressor in Oncogene-Induced Senescence.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 400:30-36 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.030
Reference
PMID:26404840
  Authors
Kang C, Xu Q, Martin TD, Li MZ, Demaria M, Aron L, Lu T, Yankner BA, Campisi J, Elledge SJ
  Title
The DNA damage response induces inflammation and senescence by inhibiting autophagy of GATA4.
  Journal
Science 349:aaa5612 (2015)
DOI:10.1126/science.aaa5612
Reference
PMID:26777575
  Authors
Cao X, Li M
  Title
A New Pathway for Senescence Regulation.
  Journal
Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 13:333-5 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.gpb.2015.11.002
Reference
PMID:25564883
  Authors
Gire V, Dulic V
  Title
Senescence from G2 arrest, revisited.
  Journal
Cell Cycle 14:297-304 (2015)
DOI:10.1080/15384101.2014.1000134
Reference
PMID:24981831
  Authors
Mowla SN, Lam EW, Jat PS
  Title
Cellular senescence and aging: the role of B-MYB.
  Journal
Aging Cell 13:773-9 (2014)
DOI:10.1111/acel.12242
Reference
PMID:22546858
  Authors
Yao H, Chung S, Hwang JW, Rajendrasozhan S, Sundar IK, Dean DA, McBurney MW, Guarente L, Gu W, Ronty M, Kinnula VL, Rahman I
  Title
SIRT1 protects against emphysema via FOXO3-mediated reduction of premature senescence in mice.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 122:2032-45 (2012)
DOI:10.1172/JCI60132
Reference
PMID:23542362
  Authors
Hwang JW, Yao H, Caito S, Sundar IK, Rahman I
  Title
Redox regulation of SIRT1 in inflammation and cellular senescence.
  Journal
Free Radic Biol Med 61:95-110 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.015
Related
pathway
ggo04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ggo04068  FoxO signaling pathway
ggo04110  Cell cycle
ggo04115  p53 signaling pathway
ggo04150  mTOR signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04218   

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